Derivation overview Home Lang Common Derivationoverview Derivation overview The table will be extended with more derivations.
From verbs Dynamic passive derivations Lang. Vowel stem Consonant stem sme +Der/PassL: čállit > čállojuvvot +Der/PassL: muitalit > muitaluvvot sme +Der/PassS: čállit > čállot not smj +Der/PassL: tjállet > tjáleduvvat +Der/PassL: subtsastit > subtsastuvvat smj +Der/PassS: tjállet > tjállut not smn +Der/Pass: čäälliđ > čalluđ +Der/Pass: muštâliđ > muštâluđ sma +Der/PassL: tjaeledh > tjaalasovvedh +Der/PassL: bïeljelidh > bïeljelovvedh sma +Der/PassS: OBS sje ? ? ? sms ? ? ?
North Saami +Der/PassL is not lexicalised. +Der/PassL: someone has done the verb, e.g. “Uksa rahppojuvvui” (someone opened the door, “Uksa rahpasii”: here is not clear if someone opened the door, or if it opened of some other reason.)
+Der/PassL and +Der/PassS: usually same meaning. We lexicalise +Der/PassS with special meaning, e.g. lahppot, gávdnot. +Der/PassS only for Vowel stems.
Lang. Vowel stem Consonant stem sme +Der/halla: gávdnat > gávnnahallat not smj +Der/PassD: gávnnat > gávnadallat not smn ? - sma +Der/htalle: gaavnedh > gaavnehtalledh not sje ? ? sms ? ?
North Saami +Der/halla-form is usually also lexicalised: gávnnahallat+V+IV+Pass+Inf (+Pass only for this form, so we could consider a +Der/PassH for this). +Der/halla derivations can also have frequentative meaning.
Meaning: juoga dáhpáhuvvá vahágis olbmui. The agent can be mentioned, in Illative.
Suggestion: sme:+Der/halla => +Der/PassH, sma:+Der/htalle => +Der/PassHT, smj:+Der/PassD
Continuative -d- Lang. Vowel stem Consonant stem sme +Der/d: borrat > boradit +Der/adda ? smj +Der/d: bårråt > bårådit x smn +Der/d: puurrâđ > purâdiđ x sma +Der/d: bïepmedh? > byöpmedidh x sje ? ? sms ? ?
sme: -it-verbs has not dynamic derivation. Lexicalised -it gets -adit, e.g.: juohkit > juogadit
Dynamic -st- Lang. Vowel stem Consonant stem sme +Der/st: čállit > čálistit +Der/st: jorgalit > jorgalastit smj +Der/st: tjállet > tjálestit x smn +Der/st: čäälliđ > čälistiđ +Der/st: jurgâliđ > jurgâlistiđ sma +Der/st: tjaeledh > tjaeliestidh x sje ? ? sms ? ?
Dynamic -l- Lang. Vowel stem Consonant stem sme +Der/l: vázzit > vázzilit not? smj +Der/l: vádtset > vádtselit x smn +Der/l: väzziđ > väzziliđ x sma +Der/l: vaedtsedh > vaedtsielidh x sje ? ? sms ? ?
Causative Lang. Vowel stem Consonant stem sme +Der/h: čállit > čálihit +Der/Caus: jorgalit > jorgalahttit smj +Der/d: tjállet > tjáledit +Der/Caus: jårggålit > jårggålahttet smn +Der/tt: čäälliđ > čälittiđ +Der/Caus: jurgâliđ > jurgâlittiđ sma +Der/ht: tjaeledh > tjaeliehtidh +Der/Caus: jarkoestidh > jarkoestehtedh sje ? ? sms ? ?
Lang. Vowel stem Consonant stem sme +Der/InchL: čállit > čálligoahtit +Der/InchL: jorgalit > jorgališgoahtit smj +Der/InchL: tjállet > tjállegoahtet +Der/InchL: jårggålit > jårggålisjgoahtet smn +Der/InchL: čäälliđ > čääliškyettiđ +Der/InchL: jurgâliđ > jurgâlškyettiđ sma +Der/InchL: tjaeledh > tjaeliegåetedh +Der/InchL: jarkoestidh > ? sje ? ? sms ? ?
Smj: -ahttjat is another inchoative derivation: tjáledahttját > tjáledit+V+TV+Der/ahttjá+V+Inf
From verb to noun - the action Lang. Vowel stem Consonant stem sme +Der/NomAct: čállit > čállin +Der/NomAct: oahpahit > oahpaheapmi smj +Der/NomAct: tjállet > tjállem +Der/NomAct: åhpadit > åhpadibme smn +Der/NomAct: čäälliđ > čäällim +Der/NomAct: máttááttiđ > máttááttem sma +Der/NomAct: tjaeledh > tjaeleme +Der/NomAct: ööhpehtidh > ööhpehtimmie sje ? ? sms ? ?
From verb to noun Lang. Vowel stem Consonant stem sme +Der/muš: dahkat > dahkamuš +Der/eamoš: jorgalit > jorgaleamoš smj +Der/mus: dahkat > dahkamus x smn +Der/mas: tutkâđ > tutkâmuš, tutkâmâš x sma not dynamic: darjodh > darjomes x sje ? ? sms ? ?
Suggestion: +Der/muš and +Der/eamoš > +Der/musj
From verb to noun - the actor Lang. Vowel stem Consonant stem sme +Der/NomAg: čállit > čálli +Der/NomAg: oahpahit > oahpaheaddji smj +Der/NomAg: tjállet > tjálle +Der/NomAg: åhpadit > åhpadiddje smn +Der/NomAg: čäälliđ > čällee +Der/NomAg: máttááttiđ > máttáátteijee sma +Der/NomAg: tjaeledh > tjaelije +Der/NomAg: ööhpehtidh > ööhpehtæjja sje ? ? sms ? ?
From verb to adjective Lang. Vowel stem Consonant stem sme +Der/geahtes: čállit > čálekeahtes x smj +Der/ahtes: tjaeledh > tjállemahtes x smn x x sma x x sje ? ? sms ? ?
smj: Derived from +Der/NomAct form: tjállet+V+TV+Der/NomAct+N+Der/ahtes+A+Attr
From noun Diminutive Lang. Vowel stem Consonant stem sme +Der/Dimin: mánná > mánáš +Der/Dimin: beana > beatnagaš smj +Der/Dimin: mánná > mánásj +Der/Dimin: bena > bednagasj smn +Der/Dimin: nieidâ > nieidâš +Der/Dimin: x sma +Der/Dimin: maana > maanetje +Der/Dimin: åerpele > åerpieladtje sje ? ? sms ? ?
Caritives Lang. Vowel stem Consonant stem sme +Der/geahtes SUB: mánná > mánákeahtes +Der/geahtes: isit > isitkeahtes smj x +Der/ahtes: iset > isedahtes smn x x sma x x sje ? ? sms ? ?
Lang. Vowel stem Consonant stem sme +Der/Car: beallji > bealjeheapme +Der/Car: beana > beanaheapme smj +Der/Car: biellje > bieljedibme x smn +Der/Car: pelji > peljittem +Der/Car: nissoon > nissoonttem sma +Der/Car: bieljie > bieljehts x sje ? ? sms ? ?
From noun to adjective Lang. Vowel stem Consonant stem sme +Der/lasj: mánná > mánálaš +Der/lasj: nisson > nissonlaš smj +Der/lasj: mánná > mánálasj not smn +Der/lasj: nieidâ > nieidâlâš +Der/lasj: nissoon > nissoonlâš sma x x sje ? ? sms ? ?
smj: +Der/lasj only takes even syllable stems
From noun to noun : a person from that place Lang. Vowel stem Consonant stem sme +Der/lasj: Oslo > oslolaš +Der/lasj: Bergen > bergenlaš smj +Der/lasj: Oslo > oslolasj x smn x x sma x x sje ? ? sms ? ?
From adjective From adjective to adjective, part 1 Lang. Vowel stem Consonant stem Comment sme x dearvvas > dearvvaslaš not dynamic smj x x - smn x +Der/lasj: tiervâs > tiervâslâš - sma x x - sje ? ? ? sms ? ? ?
smj: No -lasj derivation for adjectives.
From adjective to adjective, part 2 Lang. Vowel stem Consonant stem Comment sme x +Der/laakan: fiskat > fiskeslágan not dynamic smj x x x smn x +Der/laakan: fiskâd > fiskislágán - sma x x - sje ? ? ? sms ? ? ?
smj: -lágásj is cmp, not derivation
From adjective to adverb Lang. Vowel stem Consonant stem sme +Der/AAdv: x +Der/AAdv: viššal > viššalit smj +Der/AAdv: x +Der/AAdv: vissjal > vissjalit smn +Der/AAdv: x +Der/AAdv: viššâl > viššâlávt sma x +Der/laakan: rudtjege > rudtjegelaakan sje ? ? sms ? ?
From adjective to noun Lang. Vowel stem Consonant stem sme +Der/vuota: x +Der/vuota: viššal > viššalvuohta smj +Der/vuota: x +Der/vuota: vissjal > vissjalisvuohta smn +Der/vuota: x +Der/vuota: x sma +Der/vuota: x +Der/vuota: rudtjege > rudtjegevoete sje ? ? sms ? ?