On the bottom of this page is a list with all tags in alphabetical order.

Overview

All the words are analysed with dictionary form + grammatical tags. Each tag is introduced with a “+” sign. We thus have

biilla biila+N+Sg+Acc
boađán boahtit+V+Ind+Prs+Sg1

Note that you have to add the part of speech twice when you use the derivational tag:

boradišgohten boradit+V+Der/InchL+V+Ind+Prt+Sg1

The main parts of speech (POS) for North Sámi are:

Nouns (+N), adjectives (+A), verbs (+V), pronouns (+Pron), adverbs (+Adv), particles (+Pcle), subjunctions (+CS), conjunctions (+CC), postpositions (+Po), prepositions (+Pr) and interjections (+Interj).

The nouns

The string is +N+(Subclass)+(Semclass)+Number+Case(+Possessivesuffix)(+Clitic)”. The word form biilasgo is thus analysed as biila+N+Sem/Veh+Sg+Gen+PxSg3+Qst.

Here is a list of the nominal tags, given in the same order as for the analysis. Note that the grammatical categories in parentheses can be omitted.

Part of speech	+N
Subclass	+Prop, +G3, +NomAg
Semantic class	+Sem/Hum, +Sem/Plc, +Sem/Veh (see list)
Number	+Sg, +Pl
Case	+Ess +Nom +Gen +Acc +Ill +Loc +Com
(Possessive suffix)	+PxSg1 +PxSg2 +PxSg3 +PxDu1 +PxDu2 +PxDu3 +PxPl1 +PxPl2 +PxPl3
(Clitic)	+Qst +Foc/

The adjectives

Used non-attributively the adjective resembles the noun:

Part of speech	+A
(Grade)	+Comp, +Superl
Number	+Sg, +Pl
Case	+Ess +Nom +Gen +Acc +Ill +Loc +Com
(Clitic)	e.g. +Qst (see list)

Used attributively the adjective has a quite simple tag scheme:

Part of speech	+A
Attribute	+Attr
(Clitic)	e.g. +Qst (see list)

The verbs

Finite and infinite verb forms have quite distinct paradigms. Finite first:

Part of speech	+V
(Derivation)	+Der/PassL, +Der/PassS, +Der/h (see list)
Mood	+Ind, +Pot, +Cond, +Imprt
Tense	+Prs, +Prt
Person/Number	+Sg1 +Sg2 +Sg3 +Du1 +Du2 +Du3 +Pl1 +Pl2 +Pl3, +ConNeg
Clitic	e.g. +Qst (see list)

Infinite verb forms:

Part of speech	+V
(Derivation)	+Der/PassL
Nominal verb form	+Inf, +Act, +Ger, +PrsPrc, +PrfPrc, +VGen, +VAbess
(Clitic)	e.g. +Qst (see list)

Other derived verb forms:

Part of speech	+V
Part of speech	+N
Derivation	+NomAg
Number	+Sg, +Pl
Case	+Ess +Nom +Gen +Acc +Ill +Loc +Com
(Possessive suffix)	+PxSg1 +PxSg2 +PxSg3 +PxDu1 +PxDu2 +PxDu3 +PxPl1 +PxPl2 +PxPl3

Here is an example: oahppit > oahppi+N+NomAg+Pl+Nom

The pronouns

The personal, demonstrative and interrogative pronouns:

baseform+Pron+Pers+NumberPerson+Case

Example:

underlying form: mun+Pron+Pers+Sg1+Com, surface form: muinna

The reflexive pronouns:

baseform+Pron+pronoun_type+Case(+possessive suffix)

Example: underlying form: ieš+Pron+Refl+Loc+PxDu1, surface form: alddáme

The indeclinable words

These have their POS tag as their only tag:

underlying form: birra+Pr or birra+Po, surface form: birra

Alphabetic list over the tags

Part of speech and subclass

• +A adjective
  • +Ord ordinal
• +Adv adverb
• +CC conjunction
• +CS subjunction
• +Interj interjection
• +N noun
  • +Prop proper noun
  • +NomAg agent noun
  • +G3 geminat grade 3, e.g. s’s
• +Num numeral
  • +Card cardinal number
• +Pcle particle
• +Po postposition
• +Pr preposition
• +Pron pronoun
  • +Dem demonstrative pronoun
  • +Indef indefinite pronoun
  • +Interr interrogative pronoun
  • +Pers person pronoun
  • +Refl reflecsive pronoun
  • +Recipr reciprocal pronoun
  • +Rel relative pronoun
• +N, +Advfor several parts of speech
  • +ABBR abbreviation
  • +ACR acronym

Grammatical properties

• +Acc Accusative
• +Actio Actio form of the verb
• +Attr Attributive
• +CLB Clause boundary
• +Cmpnd Compound (inconsistent with other notation for this tag)
• +Cmpnd+ Compound (left tag)(inconsistent with other notation for this tag)
• +Com Comitative
• +Comp Comperative
• +ConNeg Negationform of the verb
• +Cond Conditional
• +DuDual
• +Du1 Dual 1. person
• +Du2 Dual 2. person
• +Du3 Dual 3. person
• +Ess Essive
• +Foc/ba Focusclitic (-)ba
• +Foc/bat Focusclitic (-)bat
• +Foc/be Focusclitic (-)be
• +Foc/ge Focusclitic (-)ge
• +Foc/gen Focusclitic (-)gen
• +Foc/ges Focusclitic (-)ges
• +Foc/gis Focusclitic (-)gis
• +Foc/hal Focusclitic (-)hal
• +Foc/han Focusclitic (-)han
• +Foc/naj Focusclitic (-)nai
• +Foc/naj+Qst Focusclitic (-)naigo
• +Foc/son Focusclitic (-)son
• +Gen Genitive
• +Ger Gerund
• +IV Intrasitive verb
• +Ill Illative
• +Imprt Imperative
• +Ind Indicative
• +Inf Infinitive
• +LEFT Left parenthesis
• +Loc Locative
• +Neg Negationverb
• +Nom Nominative
• +PUNCT Punctuation other than clause boundaries”/”, “(“, “)”, “+”
• +Pl Plural
• +Pl1 Plural 1. person
• +Pl2 Plural 2. person
• +Pl3 Plural 3. person
• +Cmp/PlGen Plural genitive compound
• +Pot Potential
• +PrfPrc Perfect participle
• +Prs Present tense
• +PrsPrc Present participle
• +Prt Preteritum
• +PxDu1 Possessivesuffix dual 1. person
• +PxDu2 Possessivesuffix dual 2. person
• +PxDu3 Possessivesuffix dual 3. person
• +PxPl1 Possessivesuffix plural 1. person
• +PxPl2 Possessivesuffix plural 2. person
• +PxPl3 Possessivesuffix plural 3. person
• +PxSg1 Possessivesuffix singular 1. person
• +PxSg2 Possessivesuffix singular 2. person
• +PxSg3 Possessivesuffix singular 3. person
• +Qst Question clitic (-)go
• +Qst+Foc/son Question clitic
• +RIGHT Right parenthesis
• +Sg Singular
• +Sg1 Singular 1. person
• +Sg2 Singular 2. person
• +Sg3 Singular 3. person
• +Cmp/Sg Singular compound
• +Cmp/SgGen Singular genitive compound
• +Cmp/SgNom Singular nominative compound
• +Sup Supinum
• +Superl Superlative
• +TV Transitive verb
• +VAbess Verb abessive
• +VGen Verb genitive

Derivational suffix tags

• +Der/Dimin Diminutive
• +Der/adda suffix
• +Der/ahtti suffix
• +Der/alla suffix
• +Der/amoš suffix
• +Der/asti suffix
• +Der/aš suffix
• +Der/d suffix
• +Der/duohkai suffix
• +Der/duohke suffix
• +Der/NomAg agent noun
• +Der/eamoš suffix
• +Der/NomAct action noun
• +Der/easti suffix
• +Der/g suffix
• +Der/geahtes suffix
• +Der/goahti suffix
• +Der/h suffix
• +Der/halla suffix
• +Der/hat suffix
• +Der/heapmi suffix
• +Der/hudda suffix
• +Der/huhtti suffix
• +Der/huvva suffix
• +Der/j suffix
• +Der/l suffix
• +Der/las suffix
• +Der/laš suffix
• +Der/lágan suffix
• +Der/meahttun suffix
• +Der/muš suffix
• +Der/PassL passive verb, long form
• +Der/PassS passive verb, short form
• +Der/st suffix
• +Der/stuvva suffix
• +Der/supmi suffix
• +Der/upmi suffix
• +Der/us suffix
• +Der/viđi suffix
• +Der/viđá suffix
• +Der/vuohta suffix
• +Der/vuolde suffix
• +Der/vuollai suffix
• +Der/vuolle suffix
• +Der/š suffix

Semantic tags

These are tags used for classifying names and nouns, e.g. +Prop+Sem/Fem

• +Sem/Ani:
  Animal name
• +Sem/Fem:
  Female name
• +Sem/Mal:
  Male name
• +Sem/Obj:
  Object
• +Sem/Org:
  Organisation name
• +Sem/Plc:
  Place
• +Sem/Sur:
  Surname
• +Sem/WEB:
  Web addresse

A critical discussion of some particular tags

Determiner or Pronoun

the POSs of words like buot, dat, etc. get different terms in the literature.

Nickel:

• indefinite pronouns (“ubestemte pronomen”): vaikko mii, mihkkege, buot, buohkat, eanas…

Vesa Guttorm:

• determiner (“pronomendeterminatiiva”)

Magga 1980:

• demonstrative pronouns (“čujuheaddji pronomenat”): dat, dát, diet, duot, dot
• interrogative pronouns (“gažaldatpronomenat”)
• relative pronouns (“relatiivapronomenat”)
• personal pronouns (“persovnnalaš pronomenat”)
• indefinite pronouns (“indefinihtta (mearritkeahtes) pronomenat”): muhtun, soames, goappašagat
• reciprocal pronouns (“resiprohka pronomenat: goabbat buoibmame, guhtet guoimmiset”)

Outi Kilpimaa:

• determiner (“dat-determinánttalš”): dat,…