Skolt Sami NLP Grammar

Finite state and Constraint Grammar based analysers, proofing tools and other resources

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Skolt Saami noun morphology

This file documents the Skolt Saami noun morphology, lexicon by lexicon.

Unclassified words

IRREGULAR NOUN nijdd

CLASS 1 HIGH VOWEL, NO PALATALIZATION NOMINALS

1.1.1.1.1.1. Sg_Nom=”short_vowel geminate” Sg_Gen=”long_vowel geminate”

1. WORDS WITH SINGLE-SYLLABLE NOMINATIVE SINGULARS (2009: 167)

1.1 Sg.Loc in -âst (no vowel shift, all raised)

â-stems (Sg.Loc, Ess, Par).

1.1.1 Sg.Ill vowel -e

1.1.1.1 Has Palatalization

1.1.1.1[1] (Palatalization pattern)

Palatalized: Sg.Ill Not Palatalized: ELSE Sg.Ill in palatalization and -e

1.1.1.1[1].1 Lacks Specifically Pedagogical Gradation

1.1.1.1[1].1.1 Has Orthographic Gradation

1.1.1.1[1].1.1[] (Monophthong + Consonant Geminate alternation)

Extra strong grade: Sg.Nom, Ess, Par Extra strong grade: Sg.Ill Strong grade: Pl.Nom, Sg.Loc, Sg.Com

FORMS

strong_geminate, short_vowel, palatalization

strong_geminate, long_vowel

e.g. e.g. +Use/NG+Sg+Loc+PxSg3 e.g. +Sg+Loc+PxSg3 pp:p papstes

1. WORDS WITH SINGLE-SYLLABLE NOMINATIVE SINGULARS (2009: 167)

1.1 Sg.Loc in -âst (no vowel shift, all raised)

â-stems (Sg.Loc, Ess, Par).

1.1.1 Sg.Ill vowel -e

1.1.1.1 Has Palatalization

1.1.1.1[1] (Palatalization pattern)

Palatalized: Sg.Ill Not Palatalized: ELSE Sg.Ill in palatalization and -e

1.1.1.1[1].1 Lacks Specifically Pedagogical Gradation

1.1.1.1[1].1.1 Has Orthographic Gradation

1.1.1.1[1].1.1[] (Monophthong + Consonant Cluster alternation)

Strong grade: Sg.Nom, Ess, Par Strong grade: Sg.Ill Weak grade: Pl.Nom, Sg.Loc, Sg.Com

FORMS

1. WORDS WITH SINGLE-SYLLABLE NOMINATIVE SINGULARS (2009: 167)

1.1 Sg.Loc in -âst (no vowel shift, all raised)

â-stems (Sg.Loc, Ess, Par).

1.1.1 Sg.Ill vowel -e

1.1.1.1 Has Palatalization

1.1.1.1[1] (Palatalization pattern)

Palatalized: Sg.Ill Not Palatalized: ELSE Sg.Ill in palatalization and -e

1.1.1.1[1].1 Lacks Specifically Pedagogical Gradation

1.1.1.1[1].1.1 Has Orthographic Gradation

1.1.1.1[1].1.1[] (Monophthong + Consonant Cluster alternation)

Strong grade: Sg.Nom, Ess, Par Strong grade: Sg.Ill Weak grade: Pl.Nom, Sg.Loc, Sg.Com

FORMS

See also: NMN_KUSS-PLC, which is the same, but minus PL forms and certain cases

1. WORDS WITH SINGLE-SYLLABLE NOMINATIVE SINGULARS (2009: 167)

1.1 Sg.Loc in -âst (no vowel shift, all raised)

â-stems (Sg.Loc, Ess, Par).

1.1.1 Sg.Ill vowel -e

1.1.1.1 Has Palatalization

1.1.1.1[1] (Palatalization pattern)

Palatalized: Sg.Ill Not Palatalized: ELSE Sg.Ill in palatalization and -e

1.1.1.1[1].1 Lacks Specifically Pedagogical Gradation

1.1.1.1[1].1.1 Has Orthographic Gradation

1.1.1.1[1].1.1[] (Monophthong + Consonant and Consonant Geminate alternation)

Extra strong grade: Sg.Nom, Ess, Par Extra strong grade: Sg.Ill Weak grade: Pl.Nom, Sg.Loc, Sg.Com similar_to:

FORMS

THIS IS NOT THE SAME AS N_MUORR

1. WORDS WITH SINGLE-SYLLABLE NOMINATIVE SINGULARS (2009: 167)

1.1 Sg.Loc in -âst (no vowel shift, all raised)

â-stems (Sg.Loc, Ess, Par).

1.1.1 Sg.Ill vowel -e

1.1.1.1 Has Palatalization

1.1.1.1[1] (Palatalization pattern)

Palatalized: Sg.Ill Not Palatalized: ELSE Sg.Ill in palatalization and -e

1.1.1.1[1].1 Lacks Specifically Pedagogical Gradation

1.1.1.1[1].1.1 Has Orthographic Gradation

1.1.1.1[1].1.1[] (Monophthong + Consonant Cluster alternation)

Strong grade: Sg.Nom, Ess, Par Strong grade: Sg.Ill Weak grade: Pl.Nom, Sg.Loc, Sg.Com

FORMS

1. WORDS WITH SINGLE-SYLLABLE NOMINATIVE SINGULARS (2009: 167)

1.1 Sg.Loc in -âst (no vowel shift, all raised)

â-stems (Sg.Loc, Ess, Par).

1.1.1 Sg.Ill vowel -e

1.1.1.1 Has Palatalization

1.1.1.1[1] (Palatalization pattern)

Palatalized: Sg.Ill Not Palatalized: ELSE Sg.Ill in palatalization and -e

1.1.1.1[1].1 Lacks Specifically Pedagogical Gradation

1.1.1.1[1].1.1 Has Orthographic Gradation

1.1.1.1[1].1.1[] (Monophthong + Consonant Cluster alternation)

Strong grade: Sg.Nom, Ess, Par Strong grade: Sg.Ill Weak grade: Pl.Nom, Sg.Loc, Sg.Com

FORMS

is for words with -âst Loc but -ense Ill 3rd grade

1. WORDS WITH SINGLE-SYLLABLE NOMINATIVE SINGULARS (2009: 167)

1.1 Sg.Loc in -âst (no vowel shift, all raised)

â-stems (Sg.Loc, Ess, Par).

1.1.1 Sg.Ill vowel -e

1.1.1.1 Has Palatalization

1.1.1.1[1] (Palatalization pattern)

Palatalized: Sg.Ill Not Palatalized: ELSE Sg.Ill in palatalization and -e Has Allophonic palatalization

1.1.1.1[1].2 Has Specifically Pedagogical Gradation

1.1.1.1[1].2.1 Has Orthographic Gradation

1.1.1.1[1].2.1[] (Diphthong + Consonant and Consonant Geminate alternation)

Strong grade: Sg.Nom, Ess, Par Extra strong grade: Sg.Ill Weak grade: Pl.Nom, Sg.Loc, Sg.Com

FORMS

(9) Der/Dimin.N.Sg.Nom: puåvâž

puåvv:puåvv

is for words with -âst Loc but -ense Ill 3rd grade

1. WORDS WITH SINGLE-SYLLABLE NOMINATIVE SINGULARS (2009: 167)

1.1 Sg.Loc in -âst (no vowel shift, all raised)

â-stems (Sg.Loc, Ess, Par).

1.1.1 Sg.Ill vowel -e

1.1.1.1 Has Palatalization

1.1.1.1[1] (Palatalization pattern)

Palatalized: Sg.Ill Not Palatalized: ELSE Sg.Ill in palatalization and -e Has Allophonic palatalization

1.1.1.1[1].2 Has Specifically Pedagogical Gradation

1.1.1.1[1].2.1 Has Orthographic Gradation

1.1.1.1[1].2.1[] (Diphthong + Consonant and Consonant Geminate alternation)

Strong grade: Sg.Nom, Ess, Par Extra strong grade: Sg.Ill Weak grade: Pl.Nom, Sg.Loc, Sg.Com

FORMS

(9) Der/Dimin.N.Sg.Nom: siâkkâž

siâkˈk:siâkˈk

1. WORDS WITH SINGLE-SYLLABLE NOMINATIVE SINGULARS (2009: 167)

1.1 Sg.Loc in -âst (no vowel shift, all raised)

â-stems (Sg.Loc, Ess, Par).

1.1.1 Sg.Ill vowel -e

1.1.1.1 Has Palatalization

1.1.1.1[1] (Palatalization pattern)

Palatalized: Sg.Ill Not Palatalized: ELSE Sg.Ill in palatalization and -e

1.1.1.1[1].1 Lacks Specifically Pedagogical Gradation

1.1.1.1[1].1.1 Has Orthographic Gradation

1.1.1.1[1].1.1[] (Monophthong + Consonant Cluster alternation)

Strong grade: Sg.Nom, Ess, Par Strong grade: Sg.Ill Weak grade: Pl.Nom, Sg.Loc, Sg.Com

FORMS

See also: NMN_TOLL-PLC, which is the same, but minus PL forms and certain cases

1. WORDS WITH SINGLE-SYLLABLE NOMINATIVE SINGULARS (2009: 167)

1.1 Sg.Loc in -âst (no vowel shift, all raised)

â-stems (Sg.Loc, Ess, Par).

1.1.1 Sg.Ill vowel -e

1.1.1.1 Has Palatalization

1.1.1.1[1] (Palatalization pattern)

Palatalized: Sg.Ill Not Palatalized: ELSE Sg.Ill in palatalization and -e

1.1.1.1[1].1 Lacks Specifically Pedagogical Gradation

1.1.1.1[1].1.1 Has Orthographic Gradation

1.1.1.1[1].1.1[] (Monophthong + Consonant and Consonant Geminate alternation)

Extra strong grade: Sg.Nom, Ess, Par Extra strong grade: Sg.Ill Weak grade: Pl.Nom, Sg.Loc, Sg.Com

FORMS

1. WORDS WITH SINGLE-SYLLABLE NOMINATIVE SINGULARS (2009: 167)

1.1 Sg.Loc in -âst (no vowel shift, all raised)

â-stems (Sg.Loc, Ess, Par).

1.1.1 Sg.Ill vowel -e

1.1.1.1 Has Palatalization

1.1.1.1[1] (Palatalization pattern)

Palatalized: Sg.Ill Not Palatalized: ELSE Sg.Ill in palatalization and -e

1.1.1.1[1].1 Lacks Specifically Pedagogical Gradation

1.1.1.1[1].1.1 Has Orthographic Gradation

1.1.1.1[1].1.1[] (Monophthong + Consonant Cluster alternation)

Strong grade: Sg.Nom, Ess, Par Strong grade: Sg.Ill Weak grade: Pl.Nom, Sg.Loc, Sg.Com

FORMS

1. WORDS WITH SINGLE-SYLLABLE NOMINATIVE SINGULARS (2009: 167)

1.1 Sg.Loc in -âst (no vowel shift, all raised)

â-stems (Sg.Loc, Ess, Par).

1.1.1 Sg.Ill vowel -e

1.1.1.1 Has Palatalization

1.1.1.1[1] (Palatalization pattern)

Palatalized: Sg.Ill Not Palatalized: ELSE Sg.Ill in palatalization and -e

1.1.1.1[1].1 Lacks Specifically Pedagogical Gradation

1.1.1.1[1].1.1 Has Orthographic Gradation

1.1.1.1[1].1.1[] (Monophthong + Consonant and Consonant Geminate alternation)

Strong grade: Sg.Nom, Ess, Par Extra strong grade: Sg.Ill Weak grade: Pl.Nom, Sg.Loc, Sg.Com

FORMS

THIS IS NOT THE SAME AS N_MUORR

1. WORDS WITH SINGLE-SYLLABLE NOMINATIVE SINGULARS (2009: 167)

1.1 Sg.Loc in -âst (no vowel shift, all raised)

â-stems (Sg.Loc, Ess, Par).

1.1.1 Sg.Ill vowel -e

1.1.1.1 Has Palatalization

1.1.1.1[1] (Palatalization pattern)

Palatalized: Sg.Ill Not Palatalized: ELSE Sg.Ill in palatalization and -e

1.1.1.1[1].1 Lacks Specifically Pedagogical Gradation

1.1.1.1[1].1.1 Has Orthographic Gradation

1.1.1.1[1].1.1[] (Monophthong + Consonant and Consonant Geminate alternation)

Strong grade: Sg.Nom, Ess, Par Extra strong grade: Sg.Ill Weak grade: Pl.Nom, Sg.Loc, Sg.Com

FORMS

FORMS

1. WORDS WITH SINGLE-SYLLABLE NOMINATIVE SINGULARS (2009: 167)

1.1 Sg.Loc in -âst (no vowel shift, all raised)

â-stems (Sg.Loc, Ess, Par).

1.1.1 Sg.Ill vowel -e

1.1.1.1 Has Palatalization

1.1.1.1[1] (Palatalization pattern)

Palatalized: Sg.Ill Not Palatalized: ELSE Sg.Ill in palatalization and -e

1.1.1.1[1].2 Has Specifically Pedagogical Gradation

Sg.Ill:

1.1.1.1[1].2.1 Has Orthographic Gradation

1.1.1.1[1].2.1[] (Diphthong + Consonant and Consonant Geminate alternation)

Strong grade: Sg.Nom, Ess, Par Extra strong grade: Sg.Ill Weak grade: Pl.Nom, Sg.Loc, Sg.Com

FORMS

ǩiõtt+N+Sg+Loc+PxSg1 hand,arm/käsi

similar_to: N_TUYJJ

FORMS

lomaakk:lomaakk

CLASS 1 LOW VOWEL, MONOPHTHONG, NO PALATALIZATION NOMINALS

a-stems

Is for nouns with -ast Loc

1. WORDS WITH SINGLE-SYLLABLE NOMINATIVE SINGULARS (2009: 180)

1.2 Sg.Loc in -ast (vowel shift)

Raised: Sg.Ill Lowered: ELSE a-stems (Sg.Loc, Ess, Par).

1.2.2 Sg.Ill vowel -u

1.2.2.2 Lacks Palatalization

1.2.2.2.1 Lacks Specifically Pedagogical Gradation

1.2.2.2.1.1 Has Orthographic Gradation

1.2.2.2.1.1[] (Monophthong + Consonant Geminate alternation)

Extra strong grade: Sg.Nom, Ess, Par Extra strong grade: Sg.Ill Strong grade: Pl.Nom, Sg.Loc, Sg.Com

FORMS

N_A-URaise3-32

strong_geminate, short_vowel, no_palatalization, low_stem_vowel

strong_geminate, short_vowel, no_palatalization, low_stem_vowel

strong_geminate, long_vowel, no_palatalization, low_stem_vowel

strong_geminate, long_vowel, no_palatalization, high_stem_vowel

grade: allegro (short_vowel, short_cluster), vowel: neutral (low)

FORMS

strong_geminate, short_vowel, no_palatalization, low_stem_vowel

grade: weakened (long_vowel, short_cluster), vowel: neutral (low)

grade: strengthened (short_vowel, long_cluster), vowel: raised

grade: strengthened (short_vowel, long_cluster), vowel: neutral (low)

grade: neutral (short_vowel, long_cluster), vowel: neutral (low), stem_vowel: a

grade: weakened (long_vowel, short_cluster), vowel: raised, stem_vowel: u/a

grade: allegro (short_vowel, short_cluster), vowel: neutral (low)

grade: weakened (long_vowel, short_cluster), vowel: neutral (low)

grade: strengthened (short_vowel, long_cluster), vowel: raised

grade: strengthened (short_vowel, long_cluster), vowel: neutral (low)

grade: neutral (short_vowel, long_cluster), vowel: neutral (low), stem_vowel: a

grade: weakened (long_vowel, short_cluster), vowel: raised, stem_vowel: u/a

grade: allegro (short_vowel, short_cluster), vowel: neutral (low)

grade: weakened (long_vowel, short_cluster), vowel: neutral (low)

grade: strengthened (short_vowel, long_cluster), vowel: raised

grade: strengthened (short_vowel, long_cluster), vowel: neutral (low)

grade: neutral (short_vowel, long_cluster), vowel: neutral (low), stem_vowel: a

grade: weakened (long_vowel, short_cluster), vowel: raised, stem_vowel: u/a

grade: allegro (short_vowel, short_cluster), vowel: neutral (low)

grade: weakened (long_vowel, short_cluster), vowel: neutral (low)

grade: neutral (short_vowel, long_cluster), vowel: neutral (low), stem_vowel: a

grade: weakened (long_vowel, short_cluster), vowel: neutral (low)

grade: strengthened (short_vowel, long_cluster), vowel: raised

grade: strengthened (short_vowel, long_cluster), vowel: neutral (low)

grade: neutral (short_vowel, long_cluster), vowel: neutral (low), stem_vowel: a

grade: weakened (long_vowel, short_cluster), vowel: raised, stem_vowel: u/a

grade: allegro (short_vowel, short_cluster), vowel: neutral (low)

grade: weakened (long_vowel, short_cluster), vowel: neutral (low)

grade: strengthened (short_vowel, long_cluster), vowel: raised

grade: strengthened (short_vowel, long_cluster), vowel: neutral (low)

grade: neutral (short_vowel, long_cluster), vowel: neutral (low), stem_vowel: a

grade: weakened (long_vowel, short_cluster), vowel: raised, stem_vowel: u/a

grade: allegro (short_vowel, short_cluster), vowel: neutral (low)

CLASS 1 LOW VOWEL, DIPHTHONG, NO PALATALIZATION NOMINALS

1. WORDS WITH SINGLE-SYLLABLE NOMINATIVE SINGULARS (2009: 167)

1.1 Sg.Loc in -âst (no vowel shift, all raised)

â-stems (Sg.Loc, Ess, Par).

1.1.1 Sg.Ill vowel -e

1.1.1.1 Has Palatalization

1.1.1.1[1] (Palatalization pattern)

Palatalized: Sg.Ill Not Palatalized: ELSE Sg.Ill in palatalization and -e

1.1.1.1[1].1 Lacks Specifically Pedagogical Gradation

1.1.1.1[1].1.1 Has Orthographic Gradation

1.1.1.1[1].1.1[] (Monophthong + Consonant Cluster alternation)

Strong grade: Sg.Nom, Ess, Par Strong grade: Sg.Ill Weak grade: Pl.Nom, Sg.Loc, Sg.Com

FORMS

(1) Sg.Nom: meârkk

(2) Pl.Nom: meârk

(3) Sg.Ill: mieʹrǩǩe

(4) Sg.Loc: meârkâst

(5) Sg.Com: meârkin

(6) Ess: meârkkân

(7) Par: meârkkâd

(8) Pl.Acc: meârkid

(9) Der/Dimin.N.Sg.Nom: meârkâž

meârkk:meârkk

grade: neutral (short_vowel, long_cluster), vowel: neutral (low)

grade: weakened (long_vowel, short_cluster), vowel: neutral (low)

grade: strengthened (short_vowel, long_cluster), vowel: raised

grade: strengthened (short_vowel, long_cluster), vowel: neutral (low)

grade: neutral (short_vowel, long_cluster), vowel: neutral (low), stem_vowel: a

grade: weakened (long_vowel, short_cluster), vowel: raised, stem_vowel: u/a

grade: allegro (short_vowel, short_cluster), vowel: neutral (low)

FORMS

grade: neutral (short_vowel, long_cluster), vowel: neutral (low)

grade: weakened (long_vowel, short_cluster), vowel: neutral (low)

grade: strengthened (short_vowel, long_cluster), vowel: raised

grade: strengthened (short_vowel, long_cluster), vowel: neutral (low)

grade: neutral (short_vowel, long_cluster), vowel: neutral (low), stem_vowel: a

grade: weakened (long_vowel, short_cluster), vowel: raised, stem_vowel: u/a

grade: allegro (short_vowel, short_cluster), vowel: neutral (low)

grade: weakened (long_vowel, short_cluster), vowel: neutral (low) Sg_Abe, Sg_Acc, Sg_Gen, Pl_Nom, +Use/NG_Sg_Loc_Px…, stem_vowel: a : Sg_Loc, Sg_Com, Pl_Gen, Pl_Acc, Pl_Ill, Pl_Loc, Pl_Com, Pl_Abe

grade: strengthened (short_vowel, long_cluster), vowel: raised Sg_Ill

grade: strengthened (short_vowel, long_cluster), vowel: neutral (low)

grade: neutral (short_vowel, long_cluster), vowel: neutral (low), stem_vowel: a

grade: weakened (long_vowel, short_cluster), vowel: raised, stem_vowel: u/a

grade: allegro (short_vowel, short_cluster), vowel: neutral (low)

grade: neutral (short_vowel, long_cluster), vowel: neutral (low), stem_vowel: a

grade: weakened (long_vowel, short_cluster), vowel: neutral (low)

grade: strengthened (short_vowel, long_cluster), vowel: raised

grade: strengthened (short_vowel, long_cluster), vowel: neutral (low)

grade: neutral (short_vowel, long_cluster), vowel: neutral (low), stem_vowel: a

grade: weakened (long_vowel, short_cluster), vowel: raised, stem_vowel: u/a

grade: allegro (short_vowel, short_cluster), vowel: neutral (low)

grade: weakened (long_vowel, short_cluster), vowel: neutral (low)

grade: strengthened (short_vowel, long_cluster), vowel: neutral (low)

grade: neutral (short_vowel, long_cluster), vowel: neutral (low), stem_vowel: a

N_1A-VWCCC cf. _NEAVVV

grade: strengthened (short_vowel, long_cluster), vowel: neutral (low)

grade: neutral (short_vowel, long_cluster), vowel: neutral (low)

grade: neutral (short_vowel, long_cluster), vowel: neutral (low), stem_vowel: a

grade: weakened (long_vowel, short_cluster), vowel: neutral (low)

grade: weakened (long_vowel, short_cluster), vowel: raised, stem_vowel: u/a

grade: allegro (short_vowel, short_cluster), vowel: neutral (low)

grade: weakened (long_vowel, short_cluster), vowel: neutral (low)

grade: strengthened (short_vowel, long_cluster), vowel: raised

grade: strengthened (short_vowel, long_cluster), vowel: neutral (low)

grade: neutral (short_vowel, long_cluster), vowel: neutral (low), stem_vowel: a

grade: weakened (long_vowel, short_cluster), vowel: raised, stem_vowel: u/a

grade: allegro (short_vowel, short_cluster), vowel: neutral (low)

normative = PẸSS Sg_Nom: vow_mono:vow_short:vow_low:pal_no:cns_gem

grade: weakened (long_vowel, short_cluster), vowel: neutral (low)

Sg_Abe, Sg_Acc, Sg_Gen, Pl_Nom, +Use/NG_Sg_Loc_Px…, stem_vowel: a : Sg_Loc, Sg_Com, Pl_Gen, Pl_Acc, Pl_Ill, Pl_Loc, Pl_Com, Pl_Abe

grade: strengthened (short_vowel, long_cluster), vowel: raised

grade: strengthened (short_vowel, long_cluster), vowel: neutral (low) Ess_Px…, Sg_Ill…, N»A

grade: neutral (short_vowel, long_cluster), vowel: neutral (low), stem_vowel: a

grade: weakened (long_vowel, short_cluster), vowel: raised, stem_vowel: u/a

grade: allegro (short_vowel, short_cluster), vowel: neutral (low) Sg_Loc_Px..

grade: weakened (long_vowel, short_cluster), vowel: neutral (low)

Sg_Abe, Sg_Acc, Sg_Gen, Pl_Nom, +Use/NG_Sg_Loc_Px…, stem_vowel: a : Sg_Loc, Sg_Com, Pl_Gen, Pl_Acc, Pl_Ill, Pl_Loc, Pl_Com, Pl_Abe

grade: strengthened (short_vowel, long_cluster), vowel: raised

grade: strengthened (short_vowel, long_cluster), vowel: neutral (low)

grade: neutral (short_vowel, long_cluster), vowel: neutral (low), stem_vowel: a

grade: weakened (long_vowel, short_cluster), vowel: raised, stem_vowel: u/a

grade: allegro (short_vowel, short_cluster), vowel: neutral (low)

CLASS 1 HIGH VOWEL TYPE, NO PALATALIZATION NOMINALS

CLASS 1 HIGH VOWEL, PALATALIZATION NOMINALS

Sg_Nom: vow_mono:vow_short:vow_high_u:pal_yes:cns_xyy

1. WORDS WITH SINGLE-SYLLABLE NOMINATIVE SINGULARS (2009: 180)

1.3 Sg.Loc in -est (vowel shift)

Raised: Sg.Com, Pl.Obl Lowered: ELSE e-stems (Sg.Loc, Ess, Par).

1.3.2 Sg.Ill vowel -a

1.3.2.1 Has Palatalization

Palatalized: ELSE Not Palatalized: Sg.Ill

1.3.2.1.1 Lacks Specifically Pedagogical Gradation

1.3.2.1.1.1 Has Orthographic Gradation

1.3.2.1.1.1[] (Monophthong + Consonant Cluster)

Strong grade: Sg.Nom, Ess, Par Strong grade: Sg.Ill Weak grade: Pl.Nom, Sg.Loc, Sg.Com

FORMS

(1) Sg.Nom: kuʹvǯǯ

(2) Pl.Nom: kuʼvǯ

(3) Sg.Ill: kouǯǯa

(4) Sg.Loc: kuʹvǯest

(5) Sg.Com: kuʹvǯin

(6) Ess: kuʹvǯǯen

(7) Par: kuʹvǯǯed

(8) Pl.Acc: kuʹvǯid

(9) Der/Dimin.N.Sg.Nom: kouǯaž

NumContLex=”1.113” Is for nouns with -est Loc, Extra long vowel

Sg_Nom: vow_di:vow_short:vow_high_u:pal_yes:cns_xyy similar_to: N_CHUOSHKK

1. WORDS WITH SINGLE-SYLLABLE NOMINATIVE SINGULARS (2009: 180, 197-199)

1.3 Sg.Loc in -est (no vowel shift, all lowered)

e-stems (Sg.Loc, Ess, Par).

1.3.2 Sg.Ill vowel -a

1.3.2.1 Has Palatalization

Palatalized: ELSE Not Palatalized: Sg.Ill

1.3.2.1.2 Has Specifically Pedagogical Gradation

1.3.2.1.1.1 Has Orthographic Gradation

1.3.2.1.1.1[] (Diphthong + Consonant and Geminate variation)

Strong grade: Sg.Nom, Ess, Par Extra strong grade: Sg.Ill Weak grade: Pl.Nom, Sg.Loc, Sg.Com, Dim

FORMS

e.g. +Sg+Acc+PxPl3 e.g. +Use/NG+Sg+Loc+PxSg1

CLASS 1 LOW VOWEL, PALATALIZATION, ILLATIVE IN U NOMINALS

CLASS 1 LOW VOWEL, PALATALIZATION, ILLATIVE IN A NOMINALS

e-stems

FORMS

NumContLex=”1.113”

vowel: monophthong vowel_shift: no gradation: yes

FORMS

similar_to: KÅHTT

čuäʹrvv čuẹʼrv čuäʹrvv+N+Ess čuäʼrvven

WHAT IS THIS CLASS

gradation: yes

FORMS

1. WORDS WITH SINGLE-SYLLABLE NOMINATIVE SINGULARS (2009: 180)

1.3 Sg.Loc in -est (no vowel shift, all raised)

e-stems (Sg.Loc, Ess, Par).

1.3.2 Sg.Ill vowel -e

1.3.2.1 Has Palatalization (all palatalized)

1.3.2.1.1 Lacks Specifically Pedagogical Gradation

1.3.2.1.1.1 Has Orthographic Gradation

1.3.2.1.1.1[] (Monophthong + Consonant Cluster Variation)

Strong grade: Sg.Nom, Ess, Par Strong grade: Sg.Ill Weak grade: Pl.Nom, Sg.Loc, Sg.Com

FORMS

These must be checked 2017-04-03

FORMS

FORMS

e.g. e.g. +Use/NG+Sg+Loc+PxSg3 e.g. +Sg+Loc+PxSg1

e.g. e.g. +Use/NG+Sg+Loc+PxSg3 e.g. +Sg+Loc+PxSg1

e.g. e.g. +Use/NG+Sg+Loc+PxSg3 e.g. +Sg+Loc+PxSg1

CLASS 2 NOMINALS with high stem vowel and i-stems

CLASS 2 NOMINALS with low stem vowel and u-stems

u-stems

CLASS 2 NOMINALS with high stem vowel and â-stems

CLASS 3 HIGH VOWEL, MONOPHTHONG, NO PALATALIZATION NOMINALS

m-stems

CLASS 3

n-stems

CLASS 3

Are these actually necessary 2015-05-30

CLASS 4 BISYLLABIC, HIGH VOWEL, MONOPHTHONG, NO PALATALIZATION IN PENULTIMATE Â:0

N_GEN2X3-NOM2X1

N_GEN2X3-NOM2X1

CLASS 4 BISYLLABIC, HIGH VOWEL, DIPHTHONG, NO PALATALIZATION

CLASS 4 BISYLLABIC, LOW VOWEL, MONOPHTHONG, NO PALATALIZATION

stemtype n-stem jânnam:jânnam N_GEN2X3-NOM2X1

gradation: no

2. WORDS WITH TWO-SYLLABLE NOMINATIVE SINGULARS (2009: 252)

2.3 Sg.Loc in -est. e-stems (Sg.Loc, Ess, Par).

2.3.2 Sg.Ill in -a

2.3.2.2 LACKS Gradation

2.3.2.2.1 Penultimate stem vowel loss: (Sg.Ill, Sg.Loc, Sg.Com; Ess, Par; Pl.Gen, Pl.Acc, Pl.Ill, Pl.Loc, Pl.Com, Pl.Abe)

2.3.2.2.1.1 The Sg.Com vowel i appears before final n

CLASS 4 BISYLLABIC, LOW VOWEL, DIPHTHONG, NO PALATALIZATION IN PENULTIMATE A:0

CLASS 4 BISYLLABIC, LOW VOWEL, MONOPHTHONG, PALATALIZATION

s:z-stem type

CLASS 4 BISYLLABIC, LOW VOWEL, DIPHTHONG, PALATALIZATION IN PENULTIMATE E:0

-stems

e-a-stems

Nouns with -est Loc and -a Ill without ʹ lemma and stem 3rd grade; vowel raising

čâustõk+N+Sg+Gen:čâustõõǥǥ Sajos:Sajo%^1VOW%{ʹØ%}s

stemtype n-stem reʹppiǩ:reʹppiǩ Palatalization loss in Sg.Ill

PENULTIMATE O:0

VOWEL-FINAL STEMS

inflection_type=”?”

Stem types from the grammar

These are still not fixed.

Class 5 according to Feist 152

k-stems

stemtype

stemtype

Class 6 according to Feist 153-154 PRESENT PARTICIPLES

participles in -I from verbs in -âd

participles in -AI from verbs in -ad

participles in -I from verbs in ʹ-ed

Class 7 according to Feist 154-155

i-stems

Class 8 according to Feist 155-157

Class 9 according to Feist 158

Diminutive derivations

Class 10 according to Feist 160-161

neǩ-stem

Sort of like 10

Class 11 according to Feist 162

Class 12 Feist 163

Noun phrase heads

Pl

Number and case tags

Used with words like juurd: jurddǥatta

POSSESSIVE DECLENSION

HatY-STEM-PX

A-STEM-PX

E-STEM-PX

LOAOADDAZH-STEM-PX

VOONYS-STEM-PX

Adjectives – to be moved

Vowel-final stem for PX


This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/affixes/nouns.lexc