Faroese NLP Grammar

Finite state and Constraint Grammar based analysers, proofing tools and other resources

View the project on GitHub giellalt/lang-fao

Page Content

Phonological converter for Faroese

Table below taken from:

Standardising Pronunciation for a Grapheme-to-Phoneme Converter for Faroese

FARSAMPA/IPA table

Phoneme class Orthography FARSAMPA IPA
Stops p p
  b b p
  t t
  d d t
  k k
  g g k
Fricatives f f f
  v v v
  ? 4 ð
  ? 5 θ
  s s s
  s S ʃ
  ? z ʂ
  h h h
Affricates b tS tʃʰ
  b dZ
Nasals m m m
  m M
  n n n
  n x
  n N ŋ
  n X ŋ̊
Laterals l l l
  l L
Approximants ð w w
  ð j j
  r r ɹ
Monophthongs i i i
  i? I ɪ
  e e e
  e? E ɛ
  a a a
  y y y
  ? Y ʏ
  ø 2 ø
  ? 9 œ
  ú? u u
  ? U ʊ
  ? o o
  ? O ɔ
  ? 8 ə
Diphthongs æ? EA ɛa
  á OA ɔa
  oy OJ ʊi
  ? UJ ɛi
  ei EJ ai
  ei? aJ ai
  ? aW au
  ? OJ ɔi
  ? OW ɔu
  ? 3W ʉu
  ? EW ɛu
  ? 9W œu
  ? 9J œi
Diacritics ? H ʰ
Others (length) : ː
  (prim. stress % ˈ
  (sec. stress) ~ ˌ

For reference: The SAMPA - IPA correspondence

SAMPA IPA Description
p p voiceless bilabial stop
b b voiced bilabial stop
t t voiceless alveolar or dental stop
d d voiced alveolar or dental stop
ts ʦ voiceless alveolar affricate
dz ʣ voiced alveolar affricate
tS ʧ voiceless postalveolar affricate
dZ ʤ voiced postalveolar affricate
c c voiceless palatal stop
J\ ɟ (overstroked j) voiced palatal stop
k k voiceless velar stop
g g voiced velar stop
q q voiceless uvular stop
p\ ɸ (Greek phi) voiceless bilabial fricative
B β (Greek beta) voiced bilabial fricative
  ϐ (Greek beta alt) voiced bilabial approximant
f f voiceless labiodental fricative
v v voiced labiodental fricative
T θ (Greek theta) voiceless dental fricative
  ϑ (Greek theta alt) voiceless dental approximant
D ð (Icelandic eth) voiced dental fricative
  δ (Greek delta) voiced dental approximant
s s voiceless alveolar fricative
z z voiced alveolar fricative
S ʃ voiceless postalveolar fricative
Z ʒ voiced postalveolar fricative
C ç (cedilla) voiceless palatal fricative
j\ (jj) ʝ (j with crossed tail) voiced palatal fricative
x x voiceless velar fricative
G γ (Greek gamma) voiced velar fricative
  ɰ voiced velar approximant
X\ ħ (overstroked h) voiceless pharyngeal fricative
?\ ʕ (Inverted ?) voiced pharyngeal fricative
h h voiceless glottal approximant
h\ ɦ (h with upper tail to the right) voiced glottal approximant
m m bilabial nasal
F ɱ (m with downward right tail) labiodental nasal
n n alveolar or dental nasal
J ɲ (n with downward left tail) palatal nasal
N ŋ (n with downward right tail) velar nasal
l l alveolar lateral
L ʎ turned down y, alt. λ (Greek lambda) palatal lateral
5 ɫ (l with middle tilde) velarized dental lateral
4 (r) ɾ (r without upper-left serif) alveolar flap
r (rr) r alveolar trill
r\ ɹ (r rotated 180°) retroflexed alveolar approximant
R ʀ (small capital R) uvular trill
P ʋ labiodental approximant
w w velo-labial approximant
H ɥ (turned down h) palato-labial approximant
j j palatal approximant

Vowels

.             front   near-front    central   near-back   back
close          i • y               1 • }                 M • u
near-close              I • Y                    U
close-mid      e • 2              @\ • 8                 7 • o
mid                                  @            
open-mid       E • 9               3 • 3\                V • O
near-open        {                    6           
open           a • &                                     A • Q

More SAMPA/IPA documentation

(Some symbols are doubled or escaped with \ in the source to escape Markdown (mis)interpretation, they will appear correct in the rendered HTML.)

Description SAMPA IPA Unicode
retroflex plosive, voiceless t` 1 ʈ 0288, 648
retroflex plosive, voiced d` 1 ɖ 0256, 598
labiodental nasal F ɱ 0271, 625
retroflex nasal n` 1 ɳ 0273, 627
palatal nasal J ɲ 0272, 626
velar nasal N ŋ 014B, 331
uvular nasal N\ ɴ 0274, 628
bilabial trill B\ ʙ 0299, 665
uvular trill R\ ʀ 0280, 640
alveolar tap 4 ɾ 027E, 638
retroflex flap r` 1 ɽ 027D, 637
bilabial fricative, voiceless p\ ɸ 0278, 632
bilabial fricative, voiced B β 03B2, 946
dental fricative, voiceless T θ 03B8, 952
dental fricative, voiced D ð 00F0, 240
postalveolar fricative, voiceless S ʃ 0283, 643
postalveolar fricative, voiced Z ʒ 0292, 658
retroflex fricative, voiceless s` 1 ʂ 0282, 642
retroflex fricative, voiced z` 1 ʐ 0290, 656
palatal fricative, voiceless C ç 00E7, 231
palatal fricative, voiced j\ ʝ 029D, 669
velar fricative, voiced G ɣ 0263, 611
uvular fricative, voiceless X χ 03C7, 967
uvular fricative, voiced R ʁ 0281, 641
pharyngeal fricative, voiceless X\ ħ 0127, 295
pharyngeal fricative, voiced ?\ ʕ 0295, 661
glottal fricative, voiced h\ ɦ 0266, 614
       
alveolar lateral fricative, vl. K    
alveolar lateral fricative, vd. K\    
       
labiodental approximant P (or v\ )    
alveolar approximant r\    
retroflex approximant r\` 1    
velar approximant M\    
       
retroflex lateral approximant l` 1    
palatal lateral approximant L    
velar lateral approximant L\    
       
Clicks      
bilabial O\   (O = capital letter)
dental |\    
(post)alveolar !\    
palatoalveolar =\    
alveolar lateral ||\    
       
Ejectives, implosives      
ejective _>   e.g. ejective p = p_>
implosive _<   e.g. implosive b = b_<
       
Vowels      
close back unrounded M    
close central unrounded 1    
close central rounded }    
lax i I    
lax y Y    
lax u U    
       
close-mid front rounded 2    
close-mid central unrounded @\    
close-mid central rounded 8    
close-mid back unrounded 7    
       
schwa ə @    
       
open-mid front unrounded E    
open-mid front rounded 9    
open-mid central unrounded 3    
open-mid central rounded 3\    
open-mid back unrounded V    
open-mid back rounded O    
       
ash (ae digraph) {    
open schwa (turned a) 6    
       
open front rounded &    
open back unrounded A    
open back rounded Q    
       
Other symbols      
voiceless labial-velar fricative W    
voiced labial-palatal approx. H    
voiceless epiglottal fricative H\    
voiced epiglottal fricative <\    
epiglottal plosive >\    
       
alveolo-palatal fricative, vl. s\    
alveolo-palatal fricative, voiced z\    
alveolar lateral flap l\    
simultaneous S and x x\    
tie bar _    
       
Suprasegmentals      
primary stress    
secondary stress %    
long :    
half-long :\    
extra-short _X    
linking mark -\    
       
Tones and word accents      
level extra high _T    
level high _H    
level mid _M    
level low _L    
level extra low _B    
downstep !    
upstep ^   (caret, circumflex)
       
contour, rising _R    
contour, falling _F    
contour, high rising _H_T    
contour, low rising _B_L    
       
contour, rising-falling _R_F   (NB Instead of being written as diacritics with _, all prosodic marks can alternatively be placed in a separate tier, set off by < >, as recommended for the next two symbols.)
       
global rise <R>    
global fall <F>    
       
Diacritics      
       
voiceless _0   (0 = figure), e.g. n_0
voiced _v    
aspirated _h    
more rounded _O   (O = letter)
less rounded _c    
advanced _+    
retracted _-    
centralized _”    
syllabic = (or _=)   e.g. n= (or n_=)
non-syllabic _^    
rhoticity `    
       
breathy voiced _t    
creaky voiced _k    
linguolabial _N    
labialized _w    
palatalized ’ (or _j)   e.g. t’ (or t_j)
velarized _G    
pharyngealized _?\    
       
dental _d    
apical _a    
laminal _m    
nasalized ~ (or _~)   e.g. A~ (or A_~)
nasal release _n    
lateral release _l    
no audible release _}    
       
velarized or pharyngealized _e    
velarized l, alternatively 5    
raised _r    
lowered _o    
advanced tongue root _A    
retracted tongue root _q    

This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/phonetics/txt2ipa.xfscript

  1. `  = ASCII 096  2 3 4 5 6 7 8