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The file proper
- ONE-SYLLABLE VOWEL-FINAL STEMS ENDING IN LONG VOWEL SEGMENT
- TWO-SYLLABLE VOWEL-FINAL STEMS
- TWO-SYLLABLE VOWEL-FINAL STEM WITH UNIQUE +Nom+Sg VOWEL
- TWO-SYLLABLE VOWEL-FINAL STEMS WITH CONSONANT-FINAL PARTITIVE STEM
- THREE-SYLLABLE VOWEL-FINAL STEMS
- THREE-SYLLABLE STEMS WITH TWO-SYLLABLE NOMINATIVE SINGULAR
- NOMINAL DECLENSION BEGINS
- NMN = Nominals mutually shared case marking for nouns, adjectives, proper ouns, numerals
- Nominative singular in “h”
- Nominative singular in “h”
- Nominative singular in “m”
- Nominative singular in “n”
- Nominative singular in “r”
- Nominative singular in “s”
- Nominative singular in “v”
- Singular suffixes
- Plural suffixes
- SINGULAR POSSESSA
Noun inflection
Livvi Karelian nouns inflect in cases. Vowel harmony involves front and back Gradation does not affect all consonants, therefore there are three values: Yes, No and NA (not applicable)
The file proper
ONE-SYLLABLE VOWEL-FINAL STEMS ENDING IN LONG VOWEL SEGMENT
LEXICON N_SUO suo:suo Gradation: No Harmony: Back
LEXICON N_VYÖ vyö:vyö Gradation: No Harmony: Front
LEXICON N_KUU kuu:kuu Gradation: No Harmony: Back
LEXICON N_PII pii:pii Gradation: No Harmony: front
LEXICON N_MUA mua:mua Gradation: No Harmony: Back
LEXICON N_PIÄ piä:piä Gradation: No Harmony: Front
TWO-SYLLABLE VOWEL-FINAL STEMS
LEXICON N_PAPPI pappi:pappi Gradation: Yes Harmony: Back stem final i is retained
LEXICON N_HÄKKI häkki:häkki Gradation: Yes Harmony: Front stem final i is retained
LEXICON N_LEIRI leiri:leiri Gradation NA Harmony: Front stem final i is retained
LEXICON N_PADA pada:pada Gradation Yes Harmony: Back stem final a changes to u in Sg Par stem final a changes to o before i in Pl stem
LEXICON N_KALA kala:kala Gradation NA Harmony: Back stem final a changes to u in Sg Par stem final a changes to o before i in Pl stem
LEXICON N_OZA oza:oza Gradation NA Harmony: Back stem final a changes to u in Sg Par stem final a changes to 0 before i in Pl stem
LEXICON N_SÄYNÄ säynä:säynä Gradation NA Harmony: Front stem final ä changes to i in Sg Par stem final ä changes to 0 before i in Pl stem
LEXICON N_KOIVU koivu:koivu Gradation NA Harmony: Back There are no changes in stem-final u Plural stem in loi
LEXICON N_HERY hery:hery Gradation NA Harmony: Front There are no changes in stem-final y Plural stem in löi
LEXICON N_IDY idy:idy Gradation Yes Harmony: Front There are no changes in stem-final y Plural stem in löi
LEXICON N_LUGU lugu:lugu Gradation Yes Harmony: Back There are no changes in stem-final u Plural stem in loi
LEXICON N_RUNO runo:runo Gradation NA Harmony: Back Stem-fianl o changes to u in Sg Par Plural stem in loi
LEXICON N_HÖRÖ hörö:hörö Gradation NA Harmony: Front
LEXICON N_RUADO ruado:ruado Gradation Yes Harmony: Back
LEXICON N_KYNDÖ kyndö:kyndö Gradation Yes Harmony: Front
TWO-SYLLABLE VOWEL-FINAL STEM WITH UNIQUE +Nom+Sg VOWEL
LEXICON N_JÄLGI jälgi:jälg Gradation Yes Harmony: Front
LEXICON N_JOGI jogi:jog Gradation Yes Harmony: Back
LEXICON N_MUAMO muamo:muama Gradation NA Harmony: Back
LEXICON N_TUATTO tuatto:tuatta Gradation Yes Harmony: Back
LEXICON N_DIÄDÖ diädö:diädä Gradation No Harmony: Front
LEXICON N_MUARJU muarju:muarja Gradation No Harmony: Back two forms for accusative two forms for elative, ablative phrases
- Noun ‘berry / marja’ - full paradigm: Noun - muarju examples:*
-
muarju:
muarju+N+Sg+Nom -
muarjan:
muarju+N+Sg+Gen -
muarjua:
muarju+N+Sg+Par -
muarjakse:
muarju+N+Sg+Tra -
muarjata:
muarju+N+Sg+Abe -
muarjanke:
muarju+N+Sg+Com -
muarjas:
muarju+N+Sg+Ine -
muarjaspäi:
muarju+N+Sg+Ela -
muarjah:
muarju+N+Sg+Ill -
muarjal:
muarju+N+Sg+Ade -
muarjalpäi:
muarju+N+Sg+Abl -
muarjale:
muarju+N+Sg+All -
muarjannu:
muarju+N+Sg+Ess -
muarjassah:
muarju+N+Sg+Ter -
muarjalluo:
muarju+N+Sg+Apr -
muarjat:
muarju+N+Pl+Nom -
muarjoin:
muarju+N+Pl+Gen -
muarjoi:
muarju+N+Pl+Par -
muarjoikse:
muarju+N+Pl+Tra -
muarjoita:
muarju+N+Pl+Abe -
muarjoinke:
muarju+N+Pl+Com -
muarjois:
muarju+N+Pl+Ine -
muarjoispäi:
muarju+N+Pl+Ela -
muarjoih:
muarju+N+Pl+Ill -
muarjoil:
muarju+N+Pl+Ade -
muarjoilpäi:
muarju+N+Pl+Abl -
muarjoile:
muarju+N+Pl+All -
muarjoinnu:
muarju+N+Pl+Ess -
muarjoin:
muarju+N+Pl+Ins -
muarjoilluo:
muarju+N+Pl+Apr
LEXICON N_PIÄSTÄNDY piäständy:piäständä Gradation No Harmony: Front
LEXICON N_SUAJU suaju:suaja Gradation No Harmony: Back
LEXICON N_AKKU_errorth akku:akka LEXICON N_AKKU akku:akka Gradation Yes Harmony: Back
LEXICON N_KNIIGU kniigu:kniiga Gradation No Harmony: Back
LEXICON N_SULGU sulgu:sulga Gradation Yes Harmony: Back
LEXICON N_MÄRGY märgy:märgä Gradation Yes Harmony: front IF possible change to SULGU/MÄRGY
LEXICON N_KOIRU koiru:koira Gradation NA Harmony: Back
LEXICON N_NIMI nimi:nim Gradation NA Harmony: Front
LEXICON N_HANGI hangi:hang Gradation NA Harmony: Back
LEXICON N_PÄIVY päivy:päivä Gradation NA Harmony: Front
LEXICON N_MEČČY meččy:meččä Gradation Yes Harmony: Front
LEXICON N_IŽÄNDY ižändy:ižändä Gradation No Harmony: Front
LEXICON N_LATE late:latte Gradation Yes Harmony: Back
LEXICON N_SIVE sive:side Gradation Yes Harmony: Front
LEXICON N_HARDIE hardie:hardie Gradation NA Harmony: Back
LEXICON N_KONDII kondii:kondi Gradation NA Harmony: Back
LEXICON N_STIPENDII stipendii:stipendi Gradation NA Harmony: Back
LEXICON N_REBOI reboi:reboi Gradation No Harmony: Back
LEXICON N_JÄNÖI jänöi:jänöi Gradation No Harmony: Back
LEXICON N_PÖČÖI pöčöi:pöččö Gradation Yes Harmony: Front
LEXICON N_VALGEI valgei:valge Gradation NA Harmony: Back
LEXICON N_LIBEI libei:libe Gradation NA Harmony: Back
LEXICON N_OSTAI ostai:osta Gradation NA Harmony: Back
LEXICON N_PEZII pezii:pezi Gradation NA Harmony: Front
LEXICON N_KESTÄY kestäy:kestä Gradation NA Harmony: Front
TWO-SYLLABLE VOWEL-FINAL STEMS WITH CONSONANT-FINAL PARTITIVE STEM
LEXICON N_UKSI uksi:uks Gradation NA Harmony: Back
LEXICON N_SUARI suari:suar Harmony: Back LEXICON N_SUARI-PL suari:suar Harmony: Back
LEXICON N_SUARI/KIELI_01 kieli:kiel Gradation No
LEXICON N_KIELI kieli:kiel Harmony: Front
LEXICON N_KIELI-SG kieli:kiel LEXICON N_KIELI-PL kieli:kiel Harmony: Front
LEXICON N_LAPSI lapsi:laps lapsi:laps Gradation NA Harmony: Back
LEXICON N_VEZI vezi:ved Gradation NA Harmony: Front
LEXICON N_SUZI suzi:su Gradation NA Harmony: Back
LEXICON N_VUOZI vuozi:vuod Gradation NA Harmony: Back
THREE-SYLLABLE VOWEL-FINAL STEMS
LEXICON N_SYGYZY sygyzy:sygyzy Gradation NA Harmony: Front
LEXICON N_VASKIČČU vaskičču:vaskičča Gradation Yes Harmony: Back
THREE-SYLLABLE STEMS WITH TWO-SYLLABLE NOMINATIVE SINGULAR
LEXICON N_KARJAL karjal:karjal Gradation NA Harmony: Back LEXICON N_KARJAL-SG karjal:karjal LEXICON N_KARJAL-PL karjal:karjal
LEXICON N_MADAL madal:madal Gradation No Harmony: Back LEXICON N_MADAL-SG madal:madal LEXICON N_MADAL-PL madal:madal
LEXICON N_PIIRAI piirai:piira CHECK THIS Gradation NA Harmony: Back
LEXICON N_VERÄI veräi:verä CHECK THIS Gradation NA Harmony: Back
LEXICON N_KANDAI kandai:kanda Gradation NA Harmony: Back
LEXICON N_AVUAJU Gradation NA Harmony: Back
LEXICON N_KERIÄJY piästäjy:piästä Gradation NA Harmony: Front
LEXICON N_PAGIZII pagizii:pagizi Gradation NA Harmony: Back LEXICON N_PAGIZII-SG LEXICON N_PAGIZII-PL
LEXICON N_HUOLETOI huoletoi: huolet Gradation Yes Harmony: Back
LEXICON N_SAMMAL sammal:sammal Gradation No Harmony: Back
LEXICON N_ŠOUFER šoufer:šoufer Vowel Harmony: Back
LEXICON N_VANUIN vanuin:vanui Gradation Yes Harmony: Back Stem consonant n/m Singular stem vowel 0/0/e Plural stem vowel i
LEXICON N_SAMMUTIN sammutin:sammutti Gradation Yes Harmony: Back Stem consonant n/m Singular stem vowel 0/0/e Plural stem vowel i
LEXICON N_KEITIN keitin:keitti Gradation Yes Harmony: Front Stem consonant n/m Singular stem vowel 0/0/e Plural stem vowel i
LEXICON N_LÄMMIN lämmin:lämbi Gradation Yes Harmony: Front
LEXICON N_TAIGIN taigin:taigin Gradation No Harmony: Back
LEXICON N_KARJALAINE karjalaine:karjala Gradation NA Harmony: Back
LEXICON N_LIYGILÄINE liygiläine:liygilä Gradation NA Harmony: Front
LEXICON N_NAINE naine:nai Gradation NA Harmony: Back
LEXICON N_KIELINE kieline:kieli Gradation NA Harmony: Front
LEXICON N_TOINE toine:to Gradation NA Harmony: Back
LEXICON N_RAIŠ raiš:ra Gradation Yes Harmony: Back
LEXICON N_TOVESTEH tovesteh:tovesteh Gradation No Harmony: Back
LEXICON N_PEREH pereh:pereh Gradation No Harmony: Front
LEXICON N_HUIKEH huikeh:huikkeh Gradation Yes Harmony: Front
LEXICON N_LIIKEH liikeh:liikkeh Gradation Yes Harmony: Front
LEXICON N_PENGER penger:penger Gradation No Harmony: Front
LEXICON N_ARTELI arteli:arteli Gradation No Harmony: Back
LEXICON N_PUHTAHUS puhtahus:puhtahu Harmony: Back Gradation NA
LEXICON N_VÄHYS vähys:vähy Harmony: Back Gradation NA
LEXICON N_ALUS alus:aluks Gradation No Harmony: Back
LEXICON N_ALUS-SG alus:aluks
LEXICON N_ALUS-PL alus:aluks
LEXICON N_ILVES ilves:ilveks Gradation No Harmony: Front
LEXICON N_ILVES-SG ilves:ilveks
LEXICON N_ILVES-PL ilves:ilveks
LEXICON N_MIES mies:mie Gradation No Harmony: Front
LEXICON N_MIES-SG mies:mie
LEXICON N_MIES-PL mies:mie
LEXICON N_KUURNIS kuurnis:kuurne Gradation NA Harmony: Back
LEXICON N_SUALIŠ suališ:suali Gradation NA Harmony: Back
LEXICON N_SUALIŠ-SG suališ:suali
LEXICON N_SUALIŠ-PL suališ:suali
LEXICON N_OLUT olut:olu Gradation No Harmony: Back
LEXICON N_KEVÄT kevät:kevä Gradation No Harmony: Front
LEXICON N_TUHAT tuhat:tuha Gradation No Harmony: Back
LEXICON N_ARMAS armas:arma Gradation NA Harmony: Back
LEXICON N_VARVAS varvas:varba Gradation NA Harmony: Back
LEXICON N_PAREMBI parembi:paremb Gradation NA Harmony: Back
LEXICON N_PESSYH pessyh:pessy Gradation NA Harmony: Front
LEXICON N_BEMMEL bemmel:bembel Gradation Yes Harmony: Front
LEXICON N_SUURIM suurim:suurim Gradation NA Harmony: Back
LEXICON N_TUATINDAM tuatindam:tuatindam Gradation NA Harmony: Back
LEXICON N_TUATANDIM tuatandim:tuatandim Gradation NA Harmony: Back
LEXICON N_SIEMEN siemen:siemen Gradation NA Harmony: Front
LEXICON N_SALBOIN salboin:salboi Gradation No Harmony: Back
LEXICON N_UDAR udar:udar Gradation No Harmony: Back
LEXICON N_PIENAR pienar:piendar Gradation Yes Harmony: Back
NOMINAL DECLENSION BEGINS
Back vowel gradation Yes
LEXICON NMN_MUARJU/PIÄSTÄNDY muarju:muarja gradation NA
LEXICON NMN_AKKU akku:akka gradation Yes
LEXICON NMN_KNIIGU kniigu:kniiga gradation No
NMN = Nominals mutually shared case marking for nouns, adjectives, proper ouns, numerals
Front Vowel Gradation Yes
LEXICON NMN_VUOZI/VEZI vuozi:vuod
LEXICON NMN_PAREMBI/ENÄMBI parembi:paremb
- Adjective comparative examples:*
-
tuorehembi:
tuores+A+Comp+Sg+Nom - ★tuorehembembannu:
tuores+A+Comp+Comp+Sg+Ess(is not standard language)
LEXICON NMN_KUDAI kudai:kuda
LEXICON NMN_PIIRAI/VERÄI piirai:piira
LEXICON NMN_PAGIZII-SG
LEXICON NMN_PAGIZII-PL
LEXICON NMN_HUOLETOI/JIÄTÖI huoletoi: huolet
Gradation Yes Vowel Harmony Back
Gradation Yes Vowel Harmony Back
LEXICON NMN_KOIRU/PÄIVY koiru:koira Gradation NA Vowel Harmony Back
LEXICON NMN_AVUAJU/KERIÄJY päivy:päivä Gradation NA
gradation Yes
LEXICON NMN_KOIVU/HERY koivu:koivu Gradation NA Vowel Harmony Back
LEXICON NMN_LUGU/IDY lugu:lugu Gradation Yes Vowel Harmony Back
- LEXICON NMN_VALGEI/LIBEI valgei:valge
LEXICON NMN_RAHMANNOI rahmannoi:rahmannoi
LEXICON NMN_HARDIE hardie:hardie
LEXICON NMN_KONDII/STIPENDII kondii:kondi
LEXICON NMN_OSTAI ostua:osta%>j
Stem Vowel 0
0 kandai, kandajan, kandajua, kandajinnu
LEXICON NMN_PEZII pestä:pezi%>j
LEXICON NMN_KESTÄY kestäy:kestä
LEXICON NMN_RUNO/HÖRÖ runo:runo Gradation No
Gradation No
LEXICON NMN_RUADO/KYNDÖ ruado:ruado Gradation Yes
LEXICON NMN_KUU/PII kuu:kuu
LEXICON NMN_PIÄ piä:piä
LEXICON NMN_VYÖ vyö:vyö
LEXICON NMN_MUA mua:mua
LEXICON NMN_KALA kala:kala Gradation NA
LEXICON NMN_PADA pada:pada Yaml: pada Gradation Yes
LEXICON NMN_TULLUH/PESSYH pessyh
Nominative singular in “h”
- :zi PL-GEN/COM/APRSUF_EN ; the +Pl+Com comes here
LEXICON NMN_TULLUH tulluh:tullu
Nominative singular in “h”
- :zi PL-GEN/COM/APRSUF_EN ; the +Pl+Com comes here
LEXICON NMN_KARJAL karjal:karjal
LEXICON NMN_KARJAL-SG karjal:karjal LEXICON NMN_KARJAL-PL karjal:karjal
LEXICON NMN_MADAL madal:madal
LEXICON NMN_MADAL-SG madal:madal LEXICON NMN_MADAL-PL madal:madal
Nominative singular in “m”
Nominative singular in “n”
LEXICON NMN_ENIN enin:eni
Nominative singular in “r”
Nominative singular in “s”
LEXICON NMN_PUHTAHUS/VÄHYS puhtahus:puhtahu
LEXICON NMN_ALUS/ILVES alus:aluks
LEXICON NMN_ARMAS/EVAES armas:arma
LEXICON NMN_VARVAS varvas:varba
LEXICON NMN_VIDEL videl:videl Gradation No
LEXICON NMN_TUORES tuores:tuore
LEXICON NMN_RAIŠ raiš:ra
LEXICON NMN_KUURNIS kuurnis:kuurne
- LEXICON NMN_OLUT olut:olu
Gradation None
- LEXICON NMN_TULLUT tullut:tullu
LEXICON NMN_TOVESTEH/PEREH pereh:pereh
LEXICON NMN_ARTELI/LEIRI arteli:arteli
LEXICON NMN_PAPPI/HÄKKI pappi:pappi
LEXICON NMN_REBOI/JÄNÖI reboi:reboi
LEXICON NMN_OZA/SÄYNÄ oza:oza
LEXICON NMN_TVER tver:tver Gradation NA Front Vowel Singular stem vowel 0/i Plural stem vowel il%{oö%}i
Gradation NA Back Vowel Singular stem vowel 0/i Plural stem vowel il%{oö%}i
LEXICON NMN_VAŽEN važen:važe
LEXICON NMN_LÄMMIN lämmin:lämbi
LEXICON NMN_TAIGIN taigin:taigin
Nominative singular in “v”
- LEXICON NMN_ABRAMOV Abramov:Abramov
Singular suffixes
-
luadi%^WGStem%^E1%>tt%{uy%}%>%{uy%} examples:*
-
luaji000ttu%>u examples:*
Plural suffixes
SINGULAR POSSESSA
LEXICON SGNOM/PXSP3 adding -h
This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/affixes/nouns.lexc