Morphophonological rules for Hill Mari
This file documents the phonology.twolc file
Alphabet, Sets and Definitions
Alphabet
Letters of the alphabet
- **а б в г д е ё ж з и й к л м н ҥ о ӧ п р с т у ӱ ф х ц ч ш щ ъ ы ь э ю я ӓ ӹ **
- **А Б В Г Д Е Ё Ж З И Й К Л М Н Ҥ О Ӧ П Р С Т У Ӱ Ф Х Ц Ч Ш Щ Ъ Ы Ь Э Ю Я Ӓ Ӹ **
Archiphonemes for vowels
- ** %{аӓ%}:ӓ ** a/ä alternation in vowel harmony
- ** Е3:е ** ӓвӓмвлӓ
- ** Е2:0 **
- ** %{ыӹØ%}:0 **
- ** %{ыӹØ%}:0 ** used in verb affix onset
- ** %{ыӹØ%}:0 ** used in noun affix onset ine, ill
- ** %{ыӹØ%}:0 ** used in verb affix onset
- ** %{ыӹ%}:0 **
- ** А2:а **
- ** Ь2:0 ** except with V АМ +Prt1+Sg1-3
Triggers
- ** %{front%}:0 %{back%}:0 ** front-back vowel harmony
- **%^ConsTransf:0 **
- **%^KIN:0 ** with ӓвӓ in +PxSg1+Sg+Gen etc.
- **%^А2ЫӸ:0 ** with карта and картын витринӹн
Boundary symbols
- ** %> **
- hash #
- ** %- **
Sets
- **BackLabVow = о у ё ю О У Ё Ю ; **
- **FrontLabVow = ӧ ӱ Ӧ Ӱ; **
- **NonLabVow = ӓ а е и э я Ӓ А Е И Э Я ; **
- **Vow = BackLabVow FrontLabVow NonLabVow ы Ы ӹ Ӹ ; **
- **BackVow = BackLabVow а А ы Ы ; **
- **FrontVow = FrontLabVow е и э ӓ ӹ Е И Э Ӓ Ӹ ; **
- **ArchiVow = %{ыӹØ%} %{ыӹ%} %{аӓ%} ; **
- **FullVow = BackLabVow FrontLabVow NonLabVow ; **
- **CnsNoLN = б в г д ж з к м ҥ п р с т ф х ц ч ш **
- ** Б В Г Д Ж З К М Ҥ П Р С Т Ф Х Ц Ч Ш ; **
- **Cns = б в г д ж з к л м н ҥ п р с т ф х ц ч ш **
- ** Б В Г Д Ж З К Л М Н Ҥ П Р С Т Ф Х Ц Ч Ш ; **
- **Cst = к п т ф х ц ч ш с **
- ** К П Т Ф Х Ц Ч Ш Ц ; **
- **Ltrs = Vow Cns Й й ъ ь Ъ Ь ; **
- **all = Ltrs %- ; **
- **HarmDummies = %{back%} %{front%} ; **
Definitions
Back Harmony BHARM
Front Harmony FHARM
LFH
LBH
Rules
Palatalisation rules
Palatal mark loss before vowel rule
й Deletion in front of я Suffix and others rule
Tests:
-
кай%>%{аӓ%}ш examples:*
-
ка00яш examples:*
Ь2:ь Palatal mark for V АМ +Prt1+Sg1 rule
толаш+V+Ind+Prt1+Sg1
Tests:
- тол%{back%}Ь2%>%{ыӹØ%}м
- тол0ь%>ым
Ь2:0 Palatal mark for V АМ +Prt1+Sg1 rule
Ь2:ш Palatal mark for V ЕМ +Prt1+Sg1 rule
Vowel rules
Onset vowel in а rule
Onset vowel in ӓ rule
Onset vowel in я rule
Onset vowel in е rule
Onset vowel loss in suffix ыӹ0 rule
Onset vowel loss in suffix Е3 rule
Onset vowel loss in suffix Е3 rule
Onset vowel Е2 realized in suffix :е rule
Onset vowel Е2:э after retained vowel rule
Onset vowel Е3:э after retained vowel rule
Onset vowel е:э after retained vowel rule
Stem final ы loss before Е2 rule
Tests:
- карта%>ы%>ын
- карт0%>ы%>0н
- янжы%{back%}>аш
- янж00>аш
Stem final ӹ loss before Е2 rule
Tests:
- бирка%{front%}%>ӹ%>ӹн
- бирк00%>ӹ%>0н
Vowel harmony rules
Onset vowel ыӹ0 realized in suffix %{ыӹØ%}:ы rule
Onset vowel %{ыӹØ%} realized in suffix %{ыӹØ%}:ӹ rule
Onset vowel %{ыӹе%} realized in suffix %{ыӹе%}:ӹ rule
Onset vowel %{ыӹе%} realized in suffix %{ыӹе%}:ы rule
Onset vowel %{ыӹе%} realized in suffix %{ыӹе%}:е rule
Onset vowel %{ыӹе%} realized in suffix %{ыӹе%}:э rule
Onset vowel %{ыӹэ%} realized in Ine and Ill suffixes %{ыӹэ%}:0 rule
-
комбы%>%{ыӹэ%}штем examples:*
-
комбы00штем examples:*
Onset vowel %{ыӹэ%} realized in Ine and Ill suffixes %{ыӹэ%}:0 rule
Tests:
-
олма%>%{ыӹэ%}штем examples:*
-
олма0эштем examples:*
Affix mid or final front %{аӓ%}:ӓ rule
Tests:
-
комбы%>еш%>н%{аӓ%} examples:*
-
комб00еш0нӓ examples:*
ӹштӓш+Hom2+V+Ind+Prs+Sg3: do/tehdä
- ӹштӹ%{front%}%>%{аӓ%}
Tests:
-
библиотека%{front%}%^А2ЫӸ%>л%{аӓ%}н examples:*
-
библиотекӹ00%>лӓн examples:*
Affix mid or final back %{аӓ%}:а rule
толаш+V+Ind+Prs+Pl1: come/tulla
Tests:
- тол%{back%}%>%{ыӹе%}н%{аӓ%}
- тол0%>ына
Tests:
-
колт%>%{ыӹØ%}д%{аӓ%} examples:*
-
колт0ыда examples:*
-
яд%{back%}%>%{аӓ%}ш examples:*
-
яд0%>аш examples:*
Affix mid or final back %{аӓ%}:я rule
Tests:
-
кай%>%{аӓ%}ш examples:*
-
ка0%>яш examples:*
Affix initial back а:я rule
Not SgNom а:ы rule
Not SgNom а:ӹ rule
suffix-final vowel backed %{ыӹ%}ы rule
suffix-final vowel fronted %{ыӹ%}:ӹ rule
Consonant loss or transformation rules
т:0 in am type verbs rule лӓктӓш:лӓкнӓ
к:0 in am type verbs rule качкаш:качна
з:ц in am type verbs rule вазаш:вацна
н:0 before з:ц in am type verbs rule негӹнзӓш:негӹц
Vowel addition rules
Vowel gain
0:ы between ш _ ж rule йиш:йишӹжӹ
0:ӹ between ш _ ж rule йиш:йишӹжӹ
Vowel loss rules
suffix-final vowel loss before subsequent suffix-initial vowel %{ыӹ%}:0 rule
Not SgNom for lat а:0 rule
Not SgNom for lat е:0 rule
Tests:
- варенье%>ӹ%>влӓ
- варень0%>ӹ%>влӓ
Devoicing
Onset consonant devoicing rule
This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/phonology.twolc