Western Mari morphological analyser

The file declares the numticharacter symbols of Western Mari, and gives the Root lexicon.

Analysis symbols The morphological analyses of wordforms for the Western Mari language are presented in this system in terms of the following symbols. (It is highly suggested to follow existing standards when adding new tags).

The parts-of-speech tags:

• +N +A +Adv +V
• +Pron +CS +CC +Adp +Po +Pr +Interj +Pcle +Num +Descr
• +Prop is a noun subtag

Subtags for pronouns

• +Dem: demonstrative
• +Indef: indefinite
• +Dep: dependent word requiring the presence of noun, e.g. ӹшке
• +Interr: interrogative
• +Pers: personal
• +Recipr: reciprocal
• +Refl: reflexive
• +Rel: relative

Tags for nominals nominals

• +Sg +Du +Pl
• +Ess +Nom +Gen +Acc +Ill +Loc +Com +Com/Sh +Cmpr

Suffix ordering tags:

• +So/CP = Suffix ordering: Case + Possessive Person marking
• +So/PC = Suffix ordering: Possessive Person + Case marking
• +So/NCP = Suffix ordering: Number + Case + Possessive Person marking
• +So/NPC = Suffix ordering: Number + Possessive Person + Case marking
• +So/NP = Suffix ordering: Number + Possessive Person marking
• +So/PN = Suffix ordering: Possessive Person + Number marking

• +So/PNC = Suffix ordering: Possessive Person + Number + Case marking

• +Pos +Comp +Superl = The comparative
• +Attr +Ord =

Tags for numerals

• +Card =

Tags for verbs

• +Aux auxiliary
• +Ind +Prs +Prt1 +Prt2 +Pot +Cond +Imprt = Verb moods
• +Sg1 +Sg2 +Sg3 +Du1 +Du2 +Du3 +Pl1 +Pl2 +Pl3 = Verb personal forms
• +Inf = infinitive
• +Ger = gerund
• +ConNeg +ConNegII +Neg =
• +ImprtII = ыма
• +Act = Prc active participle ЫшЫ
• +Pass +Prc = passive participle ЫмЫ
• +NegPrc = negative passive participle ЫдЫмЫ
• +Sup +VGen +VAbess =
• +FutPrc =
• +TV +IV = to transitivity:

Usage tags:

• +Err/Orth
• +Use/-Spell

Tag from older orthographic norms

• +Orth/1933

Other tags words

• +ABBR +ACR =
• +Symbol = independent symbols in the text stream, like £, €, ©
• +CLB +PUNCT +LEFT +RIGHT =
• +Multi = !! multiword units
• +Guess = Non-dictionary words (probably not in use

Question and Focus particles:

• +Qst +Foc =

Tags to be checked and harmonised.

• +AdA =
• +Adn =
• +Arab =
• +Ela =
• +Epist =
• +Intensive =
• +Orth/Colloq =
• +Rom =
• +Spat =
• +Use/Circ =
• +Voc =

Semantic tags

• +Sem/Act Activity
• +Sem/Amount Amount
• +Sem/Ani Animate
• +Sem/Aniprod Animal Product
• +Sem/Body Bodypart
• +Sem/Body-abstr siellu, vuoig?a, jierbmi
• +Sem/Build Building
• +Sem/Build-part Part of Bulding, like the closet
• +Sem/Cat Category
• +Sem/Clth Clothes
• +Sem/Clth-jewl Jewelery
• +Sem/Clth-part part of clothes, boallu, sávdnji…
• +Sem/Ctain Container
• +Sem/Ctain-abstr Abstract container like bank account
• +Sem/Ctain-clth
• +Sem/Curr Currency like dollár, Not Money
• +Sem/Dance Dance
• +Sem/Dir Direction like GPS-kursa
• +Sem/Domain Domain like politics, reindeerherding (a system of actions)
• +Sem/Drink Drink
• +Sem/Dummytag Dummytag
• +Sem/Edu Educational event
• +Sem/Event Event
• +Sem/Feat Feature, like Árvu
• +Sem/Feat-phys Physiological feature, ivdni, fárda
• +Sem/Feat-psych Psychological feauture
• +Sem/Feat-measr Psychological feauture
• +Sem/Fem Female name
• +Sem/Food Food
• +Sem/Food-med Medicine
• +Sem/Furn Furniture
• +Sem/Game Game
• +Sem/Geom Geometrical object
• +Sem/Group Animal or Human Group
• +Sem/Hum Human
• +Sem/Hum-abstr Human abstract
• +Sem/Ideol Ideology
• +Sem/Lang Language
• +Sem/Mal Male name
• +Sem/Mat Material for producing things
• +Sem/Measr Measure
• +Sem/Money Has to do with money, like wages, not Curr(ency)
• +Sem/Obj Object
• +Sem/Obj-clo Cloth
• +Sem/Obj-cogn Cloth
• +Sem/Obj-el (Electrical) machine or apparatus
• +Sem/Obj-ling Object with something written on it
• +Sem/Obj-rope flexible ropelike object
• +Sem/Obj-surfc Surface object
• +Sem/Org Organisation
• +Sem/Part Feature, oassi, bealli
• +Sem/Perc-cogn Cognative perception
• +Sem/Perc-emo Emotional perception
• +Sem/Perc-phys Physical perception
• +Sem/Perc-psych Physical perception
• +Sem/Plant Plant
• +Sem/Plant-part Plant part
• +Sem/Plc Place
• +Sem/Plc-abstr Abstract place
• +Sem/Plc-elevate Place
• +Sem/Plc-line Place
• +Sem/Plc-water Place
• +Sem/Pos Position (as in social position job)
• +Sem/Process Process
• +Sem/Prod Product
• +Sem/Prod-audio Audio product
• +Sem/Prod-cogn Cognition product
• +Sem/Prod-ling Linguistic product
• +Sem/Prod-vis Visual product
• +Sem/Rel Relation
• +Sem/Route Name of a Route
• +Sem/Rule Rule or convention
• +Sem/Semcon Semantic concept
• +Sem/Sign Sign (e.g. numbers, punctuation)
• +Sem/Sport Sport
• +Sem/State
• +Sem/State-sick Illness
• +Sem/Substnc Substance, like Air and Water
• +Sem/Sur Surname
• +Sem/Symbol Symbol
• +Sem/Time Time
• +Sem/Tool Prototypical tool for repairing things
• +Sem/Tool-catch Tool used for catching (e.g. fish)
• +Sem/Tool-clean Tool used for cleaning
• +Sem/Tool-it Tool used in IT
• +Sem/Tool-measr Tool used for measuring
• +Sem/Tool-music Music instrument
• +Sem/Tool-write Writing tool
• +Sem/Txt Text (girji, lávlla…)
• +Sem/Veh Vehicle
• +Sem/Wpn Weapon
• +Sem/Wthr The Weather or the state of ground

Multiple Semantic tags:

• +Sem/Act_Group =
• +Sem/Act_Plc =
• +Sem/Act_Route =
• +Sem/Amount_Build =
• +Sem/Amount_Semcon =
• +Sem/Ani_Body-abstr_Hum =
• +Sem/Ani_Build =
• +Sem/Ani_Build-part =
• +Sem/Ani_Build_Hum_Txt =
• +Sem/Ani_Group =
• +Sem/Ani_Group_Hum =
• +Sem/Ani_Hum =
• +Sem/Ani_Hum_Plc =
• +Sem/Ani_Hum_Time =
• +Sem/Ani_Plc =
• +Sem/Ani_Plc_Txt =
• +Sem/Ani_Time =
• +Sem/Ani_Veh =
• +Sem/Aniprod_Hum =
• +Sem/Aniprod_Obj-clo =
• +Sem/Aniprod_Perc-phys =
• +Sem/Aniprod_Plc =
• +Sem/Body-abstr_Prod-audio_Semcon =
• +Sem/Body_Body-abstr =
• +Sem/Body_Clth =
• +Sem/Body_Food =
• +Sem/Body_Group_Hum =
• +Sem/Body_Hum =
• +Sem/Body_Mat =
• +Sem/Body_Measr =
• +Sem/Body_Obj_Tool-catch =
• +Sem/Body_Plc =
• +Sem/Body_Time =
• +Sem/Build-part_Plc =
• +Sem/Build_Build-part =
• +Sem/Build_Clth-part =
• +Sem/Build_Edu_Org =
• +Sem/Build_Event_Org =
• +Sem/Build_Org =
• +Sem/Build_Route =
• +Sem/Clth-jewl_Curr =
• +Sem/Clth-jewl_Money =
• +Sem/Clth-jewl_Plant =
• +Sem/Clth_Hum =
• +Sem/Ctain-abstr_Org =
• +Sem/Ctain-clth_Plant =
• +Sem/Ctain-clth_Veh =
• +Sem/Ctain_Feat-phys =
• +Sem/Ctain_Furn =
• +Sem/Ctain_Tool =
• +Sem/Ctain_Tool-measr =
• +Sem/Curr_Org =
• +Sem/Dance_Org =
• +Sem/Dance_Prod-audio =
• +Sem/Domain_Food-med =
• +Sem/Domain_Prod-audio =
• +Sem/Edu_Event =
• +Sem/Edu_Group_Hum =
• +Sem/Edu_Mat =
• +Sem/Edu_Org =
• +Sem/Event_Food =
• +Sem/Event_Hum =
• +Sem/Event_Plc =
• +Sem/Event_Time =
• +Sem/Feat-phys_Tool-write =
• +Sem/Feat-phys_Veh =
• +Sem/Feat-phys_Wthr =
• +Sem/Feat-psych_Hum =
• +Sem/Feat_Plant =
• +Sem/Food_Perc-phys =
• +Sem/Food_Plant =
• +Sem/Game_Obj-play =
• +Sem/Geom_Obj =
• +Sem/Group_Hum =
• +Sem/Group_Hum_Org =
• +Sem/Group_Hum_Plc =
• +Sem/Group_Hum_Prod-vis =
• +Sem/Group_Org =
• +Sem/Group_Sign =
• +Sem/Group_Txt =
• +Sem/Hum_Lang =
• +Sem/Hum_Lang_Plc =
• +Sem/Hum_Lang_Time =
• +Sem/Hum_Obj =
• +Sem/Hum_Org =
• +Sem/Hum_Plant =
• +Sem/Hum_Plc =
• +Sem/Hum_Tool =
• +Sem/Hum_Veh =
• +Sem/Hum_Wthr =
• +Sem/Lang_Tool =
• +Sem/Mat_Plant =
• +Sem/Mat_Txt =
• +Sem/Measr_Time =
• +Sem/Money_Obj =
• +Sem/Money_Txt =
• +Sem/Obj-play =
• +Sem/Obj-play_Sport =
• +Sem/Obj_Semcon =
• +Sem/Clth-jewl_Org =
• +Sem/Org_Rule =
• +Sem/Org_Txt =
• +Sem/Org_Veh =
• +Sem/Part_Prod-cogn =
• +Sem/Perc-emo_Wthr =
• +Sem/Plant_Plant-part =
• +Sem/Plant_Tool =
• +Sem/Plant_Tool-measr =
• +Sem/Plc-abstr_Rel_State =
• +Sem/Plc-abstr_Route =
• +Sem/Plc_Pos =
• +Sem/Plc_Route =
• +Sem/Plc_Substnc =
• +Sem/Plc_Substnc_Wthr =
• +Sem/Plc_Time =
• +Sem/Plc_Tool-catch =
• +Sem/Plc_Wthr =
• +Sem/Prod-audio_Txt =
• +Sem/Prod-cogn_Txt =
• +Sem/Semcon_Txt =
• +Sem/Obj_State =
• +Sem/Substnc_Wthr =
• +Sem/Time_Wthr =

Semantics are classified with

Derivation

Derivations are classified under the morphophonetic form of the suffix, the source and target part-of-speech.

• +V→N +V→V +V→A =
• +Der =
• +Der/шЫ = Act Prc
• +Der/мЫ = Pass Prc
• +Der/дЫмЫ = NegPrc
• +Der/N = !! Noun derivation
• +Foc/Ат =

• +Foc/ок = too, also

• +Ine =
• +Conj =
• +WORK = Error?
• +Abe =
• +Hom3 =
• +Temp =
• +Des =
• +Lat =
• +Dat =
• +Sem/Patr =
• ** =
• +Use/NG =
• +Err/Sub =

Morphophonology

To represent phonologic variations in word forms we use the following symbols in the lexicon files:

• +Err/Sub
• +Err/Sub used in verb affix onset
• +Err/Sub used in verb affix onset

• +Err/Sub used in noun affix onset ine, ill

• %{ыӹ%} %{аӓ%} А2 Е2 Е3 =
• Ь2 = V_АМ +Prt1+Sg1
• %{front%} %{back%} = for front/back suffixes

Lexeme disambiguation tags

• +Hom1 : Homonymy толам used in l element and lexc
• +Hom2 : Homonymy колем used in l element and lexc
• %^ConsTransf k loss in am-verbs, also z to ts
• %^KIN with kin terms for ӓвӓмӹн not мӱэмӹн
• %^А2ЫӸ with карта and картын витринӹн

• +Cmp =

• »
• «

• (written with square brackets, see the root.lexc file)

• < (written with square brackets, see the root.lexc file)

Flag diacritics

We have manually optimised the structure of our lexicon using following flag diacritics to restrict morhpological combinatorics - only allow compounds with verbs if the verb is further derived into a noun again:

Flag	Comment
@P.NeedNoun.ON@	(Dis)allow compounds with verbs unless nominalised
@D.NeedNoun.ON@	(Dis)allow compounds with verbs unless nominalised
@C.NeedNoun@	(Dis)allow compounds with verbs unless nominalised

For languages that allow compounding, the following flag diacritics are needed to control position-based compounding restrictions for nominals. Their use is handled automatically if combined with +CmpN/xxx tags. If not used, they will do no harm.

Flag	Comment
@P.CmpFrst.FALSE@	Require that words tagged as such only appear first
@D.CmpPref.TRUE@	Block such words from entering ENDLEX
@P.CmpPref.FALSE@	Block these words from making further compounds
@D.CmpLast.TRUE@	Block such words from entering R
@D.CmpNone.TRUE@	Combines with the next tag to prohibit compounding
@U.CmpNone.FALSE@	Combines with the prev tag to prohibit compounding
@P.CmpOnly.TRUE@	Sets a flag to indicate that the word has passed R
@D.CmpOnly.FALSE@	Disallow words coming directly from root.

Use the following flag diacritics to control downcasing of derived proper nouns (e.g. Finnish Pariisi -> pariisilainen). See e.g. North Sámi for how to use these flags. There exists a ready-made regex that will do the actual down-casing given the proper use of these flags.

Flag	Comment
@U.Cap.Obl@	Allowing downcasing of derived names: deatnulasj.
@U.Cap.Opt@	Allowing downcasing of derived names: deatnulasj.

Root lexicon

The word forms in Hill Mari start from the lexeme roots of basic word classes, or optionally from prefixes: The assumption is that xml files with names pos.xml will provide the source material for the initial pos.lexc LEXICON Pos entries

• adjectives ;
• adpositions ;
• adverbs ;
• conjunctors ;
• descriptives ;
• interjections ;
• nouns ;
• particles ;
• pronouns ;
• propernouns ;
• mrj-propernouns ;
• propernouns-toponyms ;
• quantifiers ;
• verbs ;
• numberwords ;
• Numeral ;
• Punctuation ;
• Symbols ;
• A_NEWWORDS ;
• N_NEWWORDS ;
• PROP_NEWWORDS ;
• Exceptions ;
• urj-Cyrl-ProperNouns ; This is the template
• LEXICON GER-en
• +V+Ger: K ;

ENDLEX goes to # for now.

---

This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/root.lexc