Karelian morphological analyser
This file documents the Karelian fst/root.lexc file
Definitions for Multichar_Symbols
Analysis symbols
The morphological analyses of wordforms for the Karelian
language are presented in this system in terms of the following symbols.
(It is highly suggested to follow existing standards when adding new tags).
The parts-of-speech are:
- +N +A +Adv +V
- +Pron +CS +CC +Adp +Po +Pr +Interj +Pcle +Num
- +C TYÖÖÖÖ! this need depricating :-) 2023-11-08 Jaska
The parts of speech are further split up into:
- +Prop +Pers +Dem +Interr +Refl +Recipr +Rel +Indef
The Usage extents are marked using following tags:
- +Err/Orth
- +Use/-Spell
- +Use/TTS – only retained in the HFST Text-To-Speech disambiguation tokeniser
- +Use/-TTS – never retained in the HFST Text-To-Speech disambiguation tokeniser
- +Use/Circ – avoid infinite stuff in generative apps
The nominals are inflected in the following Case and Number
- +Sg +Du +Pl
- +Ess +Nom +Gen +Acc +Ill +Loc +Com +Com/Sh
The possession is marked as such:
- +PxSg1 +PxSg2 +PxSg3 +PxDu1 +PxDu2 +PxDu3 +PxPl1 +PxPl2 +PxPl3
The comparative forms are:
- +Pos +Comp +Superl
Numerals are classified under:
- +Attr +Card
- +Ord
Verb voices are:
Verb moods are:
- +Ind +Prs +Prt +Pot +Cond +Imprt
- +Imp +Past Not previously coded +Imp, +Past 2024-05-16
Verb personal forms are:
- +Sg1 +Sg2 +Sg3 +Du1 +Du2 +Du3 +Pl1 +Pl2 +Pl3
- +Pe4 fourth person?
Other verb forms are
Question and Focus particles:
- +Qst +Foc
- +Foc/Ka convert in Apertium eikä “ei” V Neg Act Sg3 Foc/Ka
to “ei” V Neg”+ja"
Semantics are classified with
- +Sem/Act Activity
- +Sem/Amount Amount
- +Sem/Ani Animate
- +Sem/Aniprod Animal Product
- +Sem/Body Bodypart
- +Sem/Body-abstr siellu, vuoig?a, jierbmi
- +Sem/Build Building
- +Sem/Build-part Part of Bulding, like the closet
- +Sem/Cat Category
- +Sem/Clth Clothes
- +Sem/Clth-jewl Jewelery
- +Sem/Clth-part part of clothes, boallu, sávdnji…
- +Sem/Ctain Container
- +Sem/Ctain-abstr Abstract container like bank account
- +Sem/Ctain-clth
- +Sem/Curr Currency like dollár, Not Money
- +Sem/Dance Dance
- +Sem/Dir Direction like GPS-kursa
- +Sem/Domain Domain like politics, reindeerherding (a system of actions)
- +Sem/Drink Drink
- +Sem/Dummytag Dummytag
- +Sem/Edu Educational event
- +Sem/Event Event
- +Sem/Feat Feature, like Árvu
- +Sem/Feat-phys Physiological feature, ivdni, fárda
- +Sem/Feat-psych Psychological feauture
- +Sem/Feat-measr Psychological feauture
- +Sem/Fem Female name
- +Sem/Food Food
- +Sem/Food-med Medicine
- +Sem/Furn Furniture
- +Sem/Game Game
- +Sem/Geom Geometrical object
- +Sem/Group Animal or Human Group
- +Sem/Hum Human
- +Sem/Hum-abstr Human abstract
- +Sem/Ideol Ideology
- +Sem/Lang Language
- +Sem/Mal Male name
- +Sem/Mat Material for producing things
- +Sem/Measr Measure
- +Sem/Money Has to do with money, like wages, not Curr(ency)
- +Sem/Obj Object
- +Sem/Obj-clo Cloth
- +Sem/Obj-cogn Cloth
- +Sem/Obj-el (Electrical) machine or apparatus
- +Sem/Obj-ling Object with something written on it
- +Sem/Obj-rope flexible ropelike object
- +Sem/Obj-surfc Surface object
- +Sem/Org Organisation
- +Sem/Part Feature, oassi, bealli
- +Sem/Perc-cogn Cognative perception
- +Sem/Perc-emo Emotional perception
- +Sem/Perc-phys Physical perception
- +Sem/Perc-psych Physical perception
- +Sem/Plant Plant
- +Sem/Plant-part Plant part
- +Sem/Plc Place
- +Sem/Plc-abstr Abstract place
- +Sem/Plc-elevate Place
- +Sem/Plc-line Place
- +Sem/Plc-water Place
- +Sem/Pos Position (as in social position job)
- +Sem/Process Process
- +Sem/Prod Product
- +Sem/Prod-audio Audio product
- +Sem/Prod-cogn Cognition product
- +Sem/Prod-ling Linguistic product
- +Sem/Prod-vis Visual product
- +Sem/Rel Relation
- +Sem/Route Name of a Route
- +Sem/Rule Rule or convention
- +Sem/Semcon Semantic concept
- +Sem/Sign Sign (e.g. numbers, punctuation)
- +Sem/Sport Sport
- +Sem/State
- +Sem/State-sick Illness
- +Sem/Substnc Substance, like Air and Water
- +Sem/Sur Surname
- +Sem/Sur-Fem Female Surname
- +Sem/Sur-Mal Male Surname
- +Sem/Symbol Symbol
- +Sem/Time Time
- +Sem/Tool Prototypical tool for repairing things
- +Sem/Tool-catch Tool used for catching (e.g. fish)
- +Sem/Tool-clean Tool used for cleaning
- +Sem/Tool-it Tool used in IT
- +Sem/Tool-measr Tool used for measuring
- +Sem/Tool-music Music instrument
- +Sem/Tool-write Writing tool
- +Sem/Txt Text (girji, lávlla…)
- +Sem/Veh Vehicle
- +Sem/Wpn Weapon
- +Sem/Wthr The Weather or the state of ground
Derivations are classified under the morphophonetic form of the suffix, the
source and target part-of-speech.
Morphophonology
To represent phonologic variations in word forms we use the following
symbols in the lexicon files:
And following triggers to control variation
Flag diacritics
We have manually optimised the structure of our lexicon using following
flag diacritics to restrict morhpological combinatorics - only allow compounds
with verbs if the verb is further derived into a noun again:
Flag |
Explanation |
@P.NeedNoun.ON@ |
(Dis)allow compounds with verbs unless nominalised |
@D.NeedNoun.ON@ |
(Dis)allow compounds with verbs unless nominalised |
@C.NeedNoun@ |
(Dis)allow compounds with verbs unless nominalised |
For languages that allow compounding, the following flag diacritics are needed
to control position-based compounding restrictions for nominals. Their use is
handled automatically if combined with +CmpN/xxx tags. If not used, they will
do no harm.
Flag |
Explanation |
@P.CmpFrst.FALSE@ |
Require that words tagged as such only appear frst |
@D.CmpPref.TRUE@ |
Block such words from entering ENDLEX |
@P.CmpPref.FALSE@ |
Block these words from making further compounds |
@D.CmpLast.TRUE@ |
Block such words from entering R |
@D.CmpNone.TRUE@ |
Combines with the next tag to prohibit compounding |
@U.CmpNone.FALSE@ |
Combines with the prev tag to prohibit compounding |
@P.CmpOnly.TRUE@ |
Sets a flag to indicate that the word has passed R |
@D.CmpOnly.FALSE@ |
Disallow words coming directly from root. |
Use the following flag diacritics to control downcasing of derived proper
nouns (e.g. Finnish Pariisi -> pariisilainen). See e.g. North Sámi for how to use
these flags. There exists a ready-made regex that will do the actual down-casing
given the proper use of these flags.
Flag |
Explanation |
@U.Cap.Obl@ |
Allowing downcasing of derived names: deatnulasj. |
@U.Cap.Opt@ |
Allowing downcasing of derived names: deatnulasj. |
The Root and K lexica
LEXICON Root is where it all begins
The word forms in Karelian language start from the lexeme roots of basic
word classes, or optionally from prefixes:
- Nouns ;
- Verbs ;
- Adjectives ;
- Pronouns ;
- Numerals ;
- Particles ;
- Punctuation ;
- Symbols ;
- ADV ;
- PROPN ;
- adpositions ;
- conjunctions ;
- interjections ;
LEXICON K adds clitics or goes to #
This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/root.lexc