Finite state and Constraint Grammar based analysers, proofing tools and language resources for the Viena Karelian language
View the project on GitHub giellalt/lang-krl
All doc-comment documentation in one large file.
Sets for POS sub-categories
Sets for Semantic tags
Sets for Morphosyntactic properties
Sets for verbs
V is all readings with a V tag in them, REAL-V should
be the ones without an N tag following the V.
The REAL-V set thus awaits a fix to the preprocess V … N bug.
The set COPULAS is for predicative constructions
NP sets defined according to their morphosyntactic features
The PRE-NP-HEAD family of sets
These sets model noun phrases (NPs). The idea is to first define whatever can occur in front of the head of the NP, and thereafter negate that with the expression WORD - premodifiers.
The set NOT-NPMOD is used to find barriers between NPs. Typical usage: … (*1 N BARRIER NPT-NPMOD) … meaning: Scan to the first noun, ignoring anything that can be part of the noun phrase of that noun (i.e., “scan to the next NP head”)
Miscellaneous sets
Border sets and their complements
Syntactic sets
These were the set types.
hab1
hab2
hab3 (
habNomLeft
hab4
hab6
hab7
hab5 This is not HAB
habDain (
habGen (
spred<obj (@SPRED<OBJ) for Acc; the object of an SPRPED. Not to be mistaken with OPRED. If SPRED is to the left, and copulas is to the left of it. Nom or Hab are found sentence initially.
Hab<spred (@<SPRED) for Nom; if copulas, goallut or jápmit is FMAINV and habitive or human Loc is found to the left. OR: if Ill or @Pron< followed by HAB are found to the left.
Hab>Advlcase<spred (
Nom>Advlcase<spred (
<spred (
<spred (
<spredQst1 (
<spredQst2 (@<SPRED) for Nom; in a typically question sentence; differs from <spredQst1 by not beeing as restricted to the right. Though you are not allowed to be Pers or human.
Nom<spredQst (@<SPRED) for Nom; in a typically question sentence. Differs from <spredQst2 by letting Nom be found between SPRED and copulas
<spred (@<SPRED) for A Nom or N Nom if; the subject Nom is on the same side of copulas as you: on the right side of copulas
<spredVeara (@<SPRED) for veara + Nom; if genitive immediately to the right, and intransitive mainverb to the right of genitive
leftCop<spred (@<SPRED) for Nom; if copulas is the main verb to the left, and there is no Ess found to the left of cop (note that Loc is allowed between target and cop). OR: if you are Coll or Sem/Group with copulas to your left.
<spredLocEXPERIMENT (@<SPRED) for material Loc; if you are to the right of copulas, and the Nom to the left of copulas is not a hab-actor
NumTime (@<SPRED) for A Nom
<spredSg (@<SPRED) for Sg Nom
<spredPg (@<SPRED) for Pl Nom
<spred (@<SPRED) for Nom; if copulas to the left, and Nom or sentence boundary to the left of copulas. First one to the right is EOS.
<spred (@<SPRED) for N Ess
spredEss> (@SPRED>) for N Ess; if copulas to the right of you, and if an NP with nom-case first one to your left.
HABSpredSg> (@SPRED>) for Nom; if habitive first one to the left, followed by copulas.
GalleSpred> (@SPRED>) for Num Nom; if sentence initial
spredSgMII> (@SPRED>)
r492> (@SPRED>) for Interr Gen; consisting only of negations. You are not allowed to be MII. You are not allowed to have an adjective or noun to yor right. You are not allowed to have a verb to your right; the exception beeing an aux.
AdjSpredSg> (@SPRED>) for A Sg Nom; if copulas to the right, but not if A or @<SPRED are found to the right of copulas
SpredSg>Hab (@SPRED>) for Nom; if you are sentence initial, copulas is located to the right, and there is a habitive to the right of copulas
Spred>SubjInf (@SPRED>) for Nom; if copulas to the right, and the subject of copulas is an Inf to the right
spredCoord (@<SPRED) coordination for Nom; only if there already is a SPRED to the left of CNP. Not if there is some kind of comparison involved.
subj>Sgnr1 (@SUBJ>) for Nom Sg, including Indef Nom if; VFIN + Sg3 or Pl3 to the right (VFIN not allowed to the left)
subj>Pl (@SUBJ>) for plural nominatives, including Coll and Sem/Group. VFIN + Pl3 to the right.
subj>Pl (@SUBJ>) for plural nominatives
subj>Sgnr2 (@SUBJ>) for Nom Sg; if VFIN + Sg3 to the right.
<subjSg (@<SUBJ) for Nom Sg; if VFIN Sg3 or Du2 to the left (no HAB allowed to the left).
f<advl (@-F<ADVL) for infinite adverbials
f<advl (@-F<ADVL) for infinite adverbials
s-boundary=advl> (@ADVL>) for ADVL that resemble s-booundaries. Mainverb to the right.
-fobj> (@-FOBJ>) for Acc
-fobj> (@-FOBJ>) for Acc
advl>mainV (@ADVL>) if; finite mainverb not found to the left, but the finite mainverb is found to the right.
<advl (@<ADVL) if; finite mainverb found to the left. Not if a comma is found immediately to the left and a finite mainverb is located somewhere to the right of this comma.
advlPoPr> (@<ADVL) if mainverb to the right.
advlEss> (@<ADVL) for weather and time Ess, if FMAINV to the left.
advl>inbetween (@ADVL>) for Adv; if inbetween two sentenceboundaries where no mainverb is present.
comma<advlEOS (@<ADVL) if; comma found to the left and the finite mainverb to the left of comma. To the right is the end of the sentence.
advlBOS> (@ADVL>) if; you are N Ill and found sentnece initially. First one to your right is a clause.
<advlPoEOS (@<ADVL) for Po; if you are found at the very end of a sentence. A mainverb is needed to the right though.
cleanupILL<advl (@<ADVL) for N Ill if; there are no boundarysymbols to your left, if you arent already @N< OR @APP-N<, and no mainverb is to yor left.
This (part of) documentation was generated from src/cg3/functions.cg3
Adjective inflection The Viena Karelian language adjectives compare.
This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/affixes/adjectives.lexc
This file documents Viena Karelian noun inflection.
This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/affixes/nouns.lexc
Prefixes Prefixes in the Viena Karelian language are bound to beginning of other words.
This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/affixes/prefixes.lexc
Proper noun inflection The Viena Karelian language proper nouns inflect in the same cases as regular nouns, but
This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/affixes/propernouns.lexc
This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/affixes/symbols.lexc
The verb lexicon contains two groups of continuation lexica One, with names like VERB_KUUL/UO (in capital letters and indicating stem) have analyses like the Finnish fst (without twolc). The other group has contlexes with nams verb, verb_frekv, verb_intr, etc. They have analyses more like the Kven and Meänkieli ones (with gradation and harmony as twolc processes.
TODO: Clean up this and go for one of the two.
LEXICON verb LEXICON verb_deskr LEXICON verb_fakt LEXICON verb_fakt.kaus … etc. some 20 similar lexica.
LEXICON vinfl going to strong (no trigger) and weak (^WG trigger) +Act+Ind:^WG verb_weak_pres ; +Act+Ind: verb_strong_pres ;
LEXICON verb_weak_pres
LEXICON verb_strong_pres
LEXICON verb_3pl_pres
LEXICON VERB_CONNEG_0
LEXICON VERB_PAST_3SG_0
LEXICON VERB_3SG_0_BACK
LEXICON VERB_3SG_U
LEXICON VERB_3SG_Y
LEXICON VERB_PASSIVE_H
LEXICON VERB_PASSIVE_H_BACK
LEXICON VERB_PASSIVE_H_FRONT
LEXICON VERB_PAST_PASSIVE_H
LEXICON VERB_PAST_PASSIVE_TIH_BACK
LEXICON VERB_PAST_PASSIVE_TIH_FRONT
LEXICON VERB_IMPV_KAH
LEXICON VERB_IMPVPL1_KA
LEXICON VERB_IMPVPL2_KUA
LEXICON VERB_IMPV_KÄH
LEXICON VERB_IMPVPL1_KÄ
LEXICON VERB_IMPVPL2_KYÄ
LEXICON VERB_IMPV
LEXICON VERB_INF_MÄ
LEXICON VERB_INF_MA
LEXICON VERB_INF_TA
LEXICON VERB_INF_TÄ
FIXME: not sure LEXICON VERB_INF_AS
LEXICON VERB_INF_A
FIXME: ger or sup or some other LEXICON VERB_INF_EN
LEXICON VERB_INF_Ä
LEXICON VERB_INF_Ö
LEXICON VERB_INF_O
LEXICON VERB_INF_E
LEXICON VERB_PCP_TU
LEXICON VERB_PCP_TY
LEXICON VERB_PCP_TAVA
LEXICON VERB_PCP_TÄVÄ
LEXICON VERB_PCP_N
LEXICON VERB_PCP_N_BACK
LEXICON VERB_PCP_N_FRONT
LEXICON VERB_PCP_UN
LEXICON PCP_UN verbal adjective kuollun, kuollehet
LEXICON VERB_PCP_YN
LEXICON PCP_YN verbal adjective nähnyn, nähnehet
LEXICON VERB_PRES_BACK
LEXICON VERB_PRES_FRONT
LEXICON VERB_PAST_BACK
LEXICON VERB_PAST_FRONT
LEXICON VERB_COND
LEXICON VERB_COND_FRONT
LEXICON VERB_COND_BACK
LEXICON VERB_COND_PASSIVE_TAIS
LEXICON VERB_COND_PASSIVE_TÄIS
LEXICON AUX_IMPVSP3_KAH
LEXICON AUX_IMPVPL1_KA
LEXICON AUX_IMPVPL2_KUA
LEXICON AUX_PCP FIXME
LEXICON AUX_3SG_PI
LEXICON AUX_3SG_0
LEXICON AUX_3SG_Y
LEXICON AUX_CONNEG_0
LEXICON AUX_PRES_FRONT
LEXICON AUX_PRES_BACK
LEXICON AUX_PAST_WEAK_BACK
LEXICON AUX_PAST_3SG_0
LEXICON AUX_PCP_UN
This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/affixes/verbs.lexc
This file documents the phonology.twolc file
Rule: Vowel harmony basic
Tests:
This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/phonology.twolc
This file documents the Viena Karelian fst/root.lexc file
The morphological analyses of wordforms for the Viena Karelian language are presented in this system in terms of the following symbols. (It is highly suggested to follow existing standards when adding new tags).
The parts-of-speech are:
The parts of speech are further split up into:
The Usage extents are marked using following tags:
The nominals are inflected in the following Case and Number
The possession is marked as such:
Other verb forms are
+Inf +Ger +ConNeg +ConNegII +Neg +ImprtII +PrsPrc +PrfPrc +Sup +VGen +VAbess
Question and Focus particles:
Semantics are classified with
Derivations are classified under the morphophonetic form of the suffix, the source and target part-of-speech.
Morphophonology To represent phonologic variations in word forms we use the following symbols in the lexicon files:
And following triggers to control variation
We have manually optimised the structure of our lexicon using following flag diacritics to restrict morhpological combinatorics - only allow compounds with verbs if the verb is further derived into a noun again:
| Flag | Explanation |
|---|---|
| @P.NeedNoun.ON@ | (Dis)allow compounds with verbs unless nominalised |
| @D.NeedNoun.ON@ | (Dis)allow compounds with verbs unless nominalised |
| @C.NeedNoun@ | (Dis)allow compounds with verbs unless nominalised |
For languages that allow compounding, the following flag diacritics are needed to control position-based compounding restrictions for nominals. Their use is handled automatically if combined with +CmpN/xxx tags. If not used, they will do no harm.
| Flag | Explanation |
|---|---|
| @P.CmpFrst.FALSE@ | Require that words tagged as such only appear frst |
| @D.CmpPref.TRUE@ | Block such words from entering ENDLEX |
| @P.CmpPref.FALSE@ | Block these words from making further compounds |
| @D.CmpLast.TRUE@ | Block such words from entering R |
| @D.CmpNone.TRUE@ | Combines with the next tag to prohibit compounding |
| @U.CmpNone.FALSE@ | Combines with the prev tag to prohibit compounding |
| @P.CmpOnly.TRUE@ | Sets a flag to indicate that the word has passed R |
| @D.CmpOnly.FALSE@ | Disallow words coming directly from root. |
Use the following flag diacritics to control downcasing of derived proper nouns (e.g. Finnish Pariisi -> pariisilainen). See e.g. North Sámi for how to use these flags. There exists a ready-made regex that will do the actual down-casing given the proper use of these flags.
| Flag | Explanation |
|---|---|
| @U.Cap.Obl@ | Allowing downcasing of derived names: deatnulasj. |
| @U.Cap.Opt@ | Allowing downcasing of derived names: deatnulasj. |
| Flag diacritic | Explanation |
|---|---|
| @U.number.one@ | Flag used to give arabic numerals in smj different cases ; |
| @U.number.two@ | Flag used to give arabic numerals in smj different cases ; |
| @U.number.three@ | Flag used to give arabic numerals in smj different cases ; |
| @U.number.four@ | Flag used to give arabic numerals in smj different cases ; |
| @U.number.five@ | Flag used to give arabic numerals in smj different cases ; |
| @U.number.six@ | Flag used to give arabic numerals in smj different cases ; |
| @U.number.seven@ | Flag used to give arabic numerals in smj different cases ; |
| @U.number.eight@ | Flag used to give arabic numerals in smj different cases ; |
| @U.number.nine@ | Flag used to give arabic numerals in smj different cases ; |
| @U.number.zero@ | Flag used to give arabic numerals in smj different cases ; |
| @P.number.one@ | Flag used to give arabic numerals in smj different cases ; |
| @P.number.two@ | Flag used to give arabic numerals in smj different cases ; |
| @P.number.three@ | Flag used to give arabic numerals in smj different cases ; |
| @P.number.four@ | Flag used to give arabic numerals in smj different cases ; |
| @P.number.five@ | Flag used to give arabic numerals in smj different cases ; |
| @P.number.six@ | Flag used to give arabic numerals in smj different cases ; |
| @P.number.seven@ | Flag used to give arabic numerals in smj different cases ; |
| @P.number.eight@ | Flag used to give arabic numerals in smj different cases ; |
| @P.number.nine@ | Flag used to give arabic numerals in smj different cases ; |
| @P.number.ten@ | Flag used to give arabic numerals in smj different cases ; |
| @P.number.zero@ | Flag used to give arabic numerals in smj different cases ; |
LEXICON Root is where it all begins The word forms in Viena Karelian language start from the lexeme roots of basic word classes, or optionally from prefixes:
LEXICON K adds clitics or goes to #
This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/root.lexc
This file documents the stems/adjectives.lexc file for Adjective stems
The files points to the affixes/adjectives.lexc file.
LEXICON Adjectives
aito+A:ai ADJ_AI/TO ; etc.
maybe like fin: eri, no infl.
This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/stems/adjectives.lexc
adpositions
This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/stems/adpositions.lexc
ADV
This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/stems/adverbs.lexc
conjunctions
This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/stems/conjunctions.lexc
@LEXNAME*
This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/stems/interjections.lexc
This file documents the Viena Karelian noun stem file. The first part of the file contains stems, the second contains the intermediate morphology.
Nouns
afrikkalaine+N:afrikkalai NOUN_ELAVUTTAMI/NE ; aihe+N:aihe NOUN_AIH/E ; aikakaušlehti+N:aikakaus#leh NOUN_LEH/TI ;
These lexica point to the morphology in affixes/nouns.lexc
LEXICON a_i_noun
LEXICON a_i_u_noun
LEXICON a_i_ä_noun
LEXICON rihm/a__noun
LEXICON NOUN_MÄT/ÄŠ
LEXICON NOUN_KIN/NAŠ
LEXICON NOUN_EHOK/AŠ
LEXICON NOUN_KYNNY/Š
This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/stems/nouns.lexc
The Numerals are analysed as the ones for Finnish.
LEXICON Numerals
LEXICON cardinal
LEXICON cardinal_vaill
LEXICON ordinal
LEXICON NUM_Y/KSI
LEXICON NUM_KA/KŠI
LEXICON NUM_KOLM/E
… etc.
This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/stems/numerals.lexc
LEXICON Particles gives the particles.
LEXICON particle gives tag
LEXICON particle_vahv gives the same tag, actually.
This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/stems/particles.lexc
The file list pronoun stems .
LEXICON Pronouns
LEXICON PRON_MI/NÄ
LEXICON PRON_MI/E
LEXICON PRON_H/IÄN
LEXICON PRON_M/YÖ
LEXICON PRON_TÄ/MÄ
LEXICON PRON_NÄ/MÄ
LEXICON PRON_T/UO
LEXICON PRON_N/UO
LEXICON PRON_Š/E
LEXICON PRON_N/E
LEXICON PRON_IČ/E
LEXICON PRON_KAI/KKI
LEXICON PRON_KU/DAI
LEXICON PRON_MOLOM/PI
LEXICON PRON_JOKAHI/NI
LEXICON PRON_KUMPA/INE
LEXICON PRON_KE/N
LEXICON PRON_MI
LEXICON PRON_KU
LEXICON PRON_JOKA
LEXICON PRON_MON/I
LEXICON PRON_MU/U
LEXICON PRON_TOI/NI
This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/stems/pronouns.lexc
The file stems/propernouns.lexc lists just that.
LEXICON PROPN
This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/stems/propernouns.lexc
The verb lexicon contains two groups of continuation lexica One, with names like VERB_KUUL/UO (in capital letters and indicating stem) have analyses like the Finnish fst (without twolc). The other group has contlexes with nams verb, verb_frekv, verb_intr, etc. They have analyses more like the Kven and Meänkieli ones (with gradation and harmony as twolc processes.
TODO: Clean up this and go for one of the two.
LEXICON Verbs contains the stem list
This contains just the infinitive and points to defect paradigms for now.
These lexica redirects the stem to different person-number sublexica.
LEXICON kavota_katuo_verb … This lexicon does not work, as both stems go to the same contlex.
LEXICON proššai(k)koa_verb_vaill
LEXICON sevota_verb
LEXICON stavaikkoa_verb_vaill
LEXICON tavai(k)koa_tavaite_verb_vaill
LEXICON tuta_verb
LEXICON viyhtie_verb
LEXICON voulie_vuolie_verb
LEXICON kirjut/tua__verb
LEXICON VERB_J/IÄHÄ
LEXICON VERB_V/IIJÄ
LEXICON VERB_Š/YYVVÄ
LEXICON VERB_L/UUVVA
LEXICON VERB_Š/YYVÄ
LEXICON VERB_J/UUVA
LEXICON VERB_PIÄS/TÄ
LEXICON VERB_KÄ/YVÄ
LEXICON VERB_S/UAHA
LEXICON VERB_MIET/TIE
LEXICON VERB_LÄ/HTIE
LEXICON VERB_T/UUVVA
LEXICON VERB_TU/LLA
LEXICON VERB_KUOL/LA
LEXICON VERB_PA/ISSA
LEXICON VERB_NOU/ŠŠA
LEXICON VERB_PAN/NA
LEXICON VERB_MÄN/NÄ
LEXICON VERB_TARVI/TA
LEXICON VERB_MERKI/TÄ
LEXICON VERB_STARINOI/JA
LEXICON VERB_IKÄVÖI/JÄ
LEXICON VERB_ŠAN/OA
LEXICON VERB_MUISTEL/EHTOA
LEXICON VERB_KAŠV/OA
LEXICON VERB_AL/KOA
LEXICON VERB_AN/TOA
LEXICON VERB_PAIS/TOA
LEXICON VERB_KAČ/ČUO
LEXICON VERB_KAČ/ČOA
LEXICON VERB_KOROŠ/TOA
LEXICON VERB_VALMIS/TOA
LEXICON VERB_TAH/TOA
LEXICON VERB_KARJ/UO
LEXICON VERB_TAP/PUA
LEXICON VERB_TAP/POA
LEXICON VERB_SOIT/TOA
LEXICON VERB_OT/TOA
LEXICON VERB_TANŠŠI/E
LEXICON VERB_EČ/ČIE
LEXICON VERB_POIMI/E
LEXICON VERB_IT/KIE
LEXICON VERB_KITK/IE
LEXICON VERB_LAŠ/KIE
LEXICON VERB_KÄŠ/KIE
LEXICON VERB_OP/PIE
LEXICON VERB_ŠO/PIE
LEXICON VERB_TUN/TIE
LEXICON VERB_LUA/TIE
LEXICON VERB_TI/ETEÄ
LEXICON VERB_TÄYT/TYÄ
LEXICON VERB_TYÖN/TYÄ
LEXICON VERB_NÄYT/TYÄ
LEXICON VERB_VIČER/TEÄ
LEXICON VERB_PIÄT/TEÄ
LEXICON VERB_TYÖN/TEÄ
LEXICON VERB_LÖY/TEÄ
LEXICON VERB_JÄRJEŠ/TEÄ
LEXICON VERB_PI/TYÄ
LEXICON VERB_PIÄŠ/TYÄ
LEXICON VERB_OPAŠ/TUA
LEXICON VERB_OPAŠ/TUO
LEXICON VERB_TOIV/UO
LEXICON VERB_VOIT/TUA
LEXICON VERB_KAN/TUA
LEXICON VERB_AUT/TUA
LEXICON VERB_RUA/TUA
LEXICON VERB_RUA/TUO
LEXICON VERB_TAH/TUO
LEXICON VERB_KUUL/UO
LEXICON VERB_LOP/PUO
LEXICON VERB_RYH/TYÖ
LEXICON VERB_PISY/Ö
LEXICON VERB_ILMEŠ/TYÖ
LEXICON VERB_IS/TUO
LEXICON VERB_RIK/KUO
LEXICON VERB_ROIK/KUO
LEXICON VERB_SAT/TUO
LEXICON VERB_KER/TUO
LEXICON VERB_ŠI/TUO
LEXICON VERB_KUČ/ČUO
LEXICON VERB_VAI/PUO
LEXICON VERB_KER/ÄTÄ
LEXICON VERB_KER/ITÄ
LEXICON VERB_N/ÄHÄ
LEXICON VERB_AV/ATA
LEXICON VERB_RU/VETA
LEXICON VERB_KERÄ/TÄ
LEXICON VERB_LEIK/ATA
LEXICON VERB_ŠAL/VATA
LEXICON VERB_ŠAL/VATA
LEXICON VERB_NIM/ETÄ
LEXICON VERB_TYK/YTÄ CHECKME 20250831
LEXICON VERB_TYK/ÄTÄ
LEXICON VERB_HYREYTY/Ä
LEXICON VERB_PUREŠKEL/LA
LEXICON VERB_AJAT/ELLA
LEXICON VERB_LEVÄHEL/LÄ
LEXICON VERB_OM/MELLA
LEXICON VERB_O/LLA
LEXICON AUX_O/LLA
LEXICON AUX_E/I
LEXICON AUX_VO/IJA
LEXICON AUX_PI/TEÄ
This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/stems/verbs.lexc
retroflex plosive, voiceless t ʈ 0288, 648 ( = ASCII 096)
retroflex plosive, voiced d ɖ 0256, 598
labiodental nasal F ɱ 0271, 625
retroflex nasal n ɳ 0273, 627
palatal nasal J ɲ 0272, 626
velar nasal N ŋ 014B, 331
uvular nasal N\ ɴ 0274, 628
bilabial trill B\ ʙ 0299, 665
uvular trill R\ ʀ 0280, 640
alveolar tap 4 ɾ 027E, 638
retroflex flap r ɽ 027D, 637
bilabial fricative, voiceless p\ ɸ 0278, 632
bilabial fricative, voiced B β 03B2, 946
dental fricative, voiceless T θ 03B8, 952
dental fricative, voiced D ð 00F0, 240
postalveolar fricative, voiceless S ʃ 0283, 643
postalveolar fricative, voiced Z ʒ 0292, 658
retroflex fricative, voiceless s ʂ 0282, 642
retroflex fricative, voiced z` ʐ 0290, 656
palatal fricative, voiceless C ç 00E7, 231
palatal fricative, voiced j\ ʝ 029D, 669
velar fricative, voiced G ɣ 0263, 611
uvular fricative, voiceless X χ 03C7, 967
uvular fricative, voiced R ʁ 0281, 641
pharyngeal fricative, voiceless X\ ħ 0127, 295
pharyngeal fricative, voiced ?\ ʕ 0295, 661
glottal fricative, voiced h\ ɦ 0266, 614
alveolar lateral fricative, vl. K alveolar lateral fricative, vd. K\
labiodental approximant P (or v) alveolar approximant r\ retroflex approximant r` velar approximant M\
retroflex lateral approximant l`
palatal lateral approximant L
velar lateral approximant L
Clicks
bilabial O\ (O = capital letter)
dental |
(post)alveolar !\
palatoalveolar =\
alveolar lateral ||
Ejectives, implosives
ejective > e.g. ejective p p> implosive < e.g. implosive b b< Vowels
close back unrounded M close central unrounded 1 close central rounded } lax i I lax y Y lax u U
close-mid front rounded 2 close-mid central unrounded @\ close-mid central rounded 8 close-mid back unrounded 7
schwa ə @
open-mid front unrounded E open-mid front rounded 9 open-mid central unrounded 3 open-mid central rounded 3\ open-mid back unrounded V open-mid back rounded O
ash (ae digraph) { open schwa (turned a) 6
open front rounded & open back unrounded A open back rounded Q Other symbols
voiceless labial-velar fricative W voiced labial-palatal approx. H voiceless epiglottal fricative H\ voiced epiglottal fricative <\ epiglottal plosive >\
alveolo-palatal fricative, vl. s\ alveolo-palatal fricative, voiced z\ alveolar lateral flap l\ simultaneous S and x x\ tie bar _ Suprasegmentals
primary stress “
secondary stress %
long :
half-long :\
extra-short _X
linking mark -
Tones and word accents
level extra high _T level high _H level mid _M level low _L level extra low _B downstep ! upstep ^ (caret, circumflex)
contour, rising contour, falling _F contour, high rising _H_T contour, low rising _B_L
contour, rising-falling _R_F
(NB Instead of being written as diacritics with _, all prosodic
marks can alternatively be placed in a separate tier, set off
by < >, as recommended for the next two symbols.)
global rise
voiceless 0 (0 = figure), e.g. n_0 voiced _v aspirated _h more rounded _O (O = letter) less rounded _c advanced _+ retracted _- centralized _” syllabic = (or _=) e.g. n= (or n=) non-syllabic _^ rhoticity `
breathy voiced _t creaky voiced _k linguolabial _N labialized _w palatalized ‘ (or _j) e.g. t’ (or t_j) velarized _G pharyngealized _?\
dental d apical _a laminal _m nasalized ~ (or _~) e.g. A~ (or A~) nasal release _n lateral release _l no audible release _}
velarized or pharyngealized _e velarized l, alternatively 5 raised _r lowered _o advanced tongue root _A retracted tongue root _q
This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/phonetics/txt2ipa.xfscript
We describe here how abbreviations are in Viena Karelian are read out, e.g. for text-to-speech systems.
For example:
This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/transcriptions/transcriptor-abbrevs2text.lexc
% komma% :, Root ; % tjuohkkis% :%. Root ; % kolon% :%: Root ; % sárggis% :%- Root ; % násti% :%* Root ;
This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/transcriptions/transcriptor-numbers-digit2text.lexc
[ L A N G U A G E ] G R A M M A R C H E C K E R
This section lists all the tags inherited from the fst, and used as tags in the syntactic analysis. The next section, Sets, contains sets defined on the basis of the tags listed here, those set names are not visible in the output.
BOS EOS
N A Adv V Pron CS CC CC-CS Po Pr Pcle Num Interj ABBR ACR CLB LEFT RIGHT WEB PPUNCT PUNCT
COMMA ¶
Pers Dem Interr Indef Recipr Refl Rel Coll NomAg Prop Allegro Arab Romertall
Nom Acc Gen Ill Loc Com Ess Ess Sg Du Pl Cmp/SplitR Cmp/SgNom Cmp/SgGen Cmp/SgGen PxSg1 PxSg2 PxSg3 PxDu1 PxDu2 PxDu3 PxPl1 PxPl2 PxPl3 Px
Comp Superl Attr Ord Qst IV TV Prt Prs Ind Pot Cond Imprt ImprtII Sg1 Sg2 Sg3 Du1 Du2 Du3 Pl1 Pl2 Pl3 Inf ConNeg Neg PrfPrc VGen PrsPrc Ger Sup Actio VAbess
Err/Orth
Sem/Act Sem/Ani Sem/Atr Sem/Body Sem/Clth Sem/Domain Sem/Feat-phys Sem/Fem Sem/Group Sem/Lang Sem/Mal Sem/Measr Sem/Money Sem/Obj Sem/Obj-el Sem/Org Sem/Perc-emo Sem/Plc Sem/Sign Sem/State-sick Sem/Sur Sem/Time Sem/Txt
HUMAN
PROP-ATTR PROP-SUR
TIME-N-SET
@+FAUXV @+FMAINV @-FAUXV @-FMAINV @-FSUBJ> @-F<OBJ @-FOBJ> @-FSPRED<OBJ @-F<ADVL @-FADVL> @-F<SPRED @-F<OPRED @-FSPRED> @-FOPRED> @>ADVL @ADVL< @<ADVL @ADVL> @ADVL @HAB> @<HAB @>N @Interj @N< @>A @P< @>P @HNOUN @INTERJ @>Num @Pron< @>Pron @Num< @OBJ @<OBJ @OBJ> @OPRED @<OPRED @OPRED> @PCLE @COMP-CS< @SPRED @<SPRED @SPRED> @SUBJ @<SUBJ @SUBJ> SUBJ SPRED OPRED @PPRED @APP @APP-N< @APP-Pron< @APP>Pron @APP-Num< @APP-ADVL< @VOC @CVP @CNP OBJ