Cornish Verb stems

The regular verb system – an overview:

This shows two version of the analysis, one from 2009 (for reference) and one from 2020 (the current one).

For reference: This was the first version of the model (2009)

vb1-vb5 are declension classes.

• vb1) -a no i-Umlaut im Paradima
• vb2) -ya ya-Verbs
• vb3) -es/-i i-Umlaut im Paradigma
• vb4) -he he-Verbs

• vb5) -el/-i -C[l

  n

  m](r)-Verben

• And finally the irregulars: Suppletion im Paradigma

The 2020 version of the model:

• vb1 -a (= v1 above)
• vbya -ya (= v2 above)
• vbi -i (= v3 above)
• vbhe -e (= v4 above)
• vb the rest (= ??? above)
• Irregulars (the final cat above)

2020 verbs were added as follows: verbs with -ya, -i, -he infinitive to vbya, vbi, vbye verbs in -a other than -ya to vb1 all other verbs to vb TODO: Go through the new verbs (at the end of this file)

Umlaut class verbs

• u0. Verbs that never have Umlaut?
• u1. Verbs that only have umlaut before an ending that contains , , or imperative .
• u2. Verbs that have umlaut wherever (1) does, but also have the imperfect tense in <-yn, -ys, -i, -yn>.
• u3. Verbs that have umlaut wherever (2) does (including the imperfect tense rule), and also have the 3s pret in <-is>.
• u1 This means VA before suffixes containing or imperative
• u2 This means VA before everything in Umlaut = 1, + the following: 3s and 3p present indicative, 3s and 3p imperative
• u3

Todo:

• for each stem class, split in umlaut type and make sub-contlexes.
• In theory, this gives us 6x4 = 24 verbal continuation lexica.

It is fortunately easier than that:

• -el verbs are always type 3: v5-u3
• some -i verbs are type 3: v3-u3
• and the rest are type 2: v3-u2
• he-verbs are all type 2: v4-u2

The verb lexicon

LEXICON Verb lists all the verbs

• AUX ; = this one entry points to the AUX lexicon in the affixes catalogue

• erhi:arha ERHI “command, order, require, bid” ; = some example entries
• tava:tav TAVA “touch, stroke “ ; =
• anomdhiskwedhes:anomdhiskwedh vb “disappear” ; =
• aras:ar vb “plough” ; =
• argeles:argel vb “sequester” ; =
• arvedh:arvedh vb “affront, harass, browbeat” ; =
• batalyas:bataly vb “fight” ; =
• bryjon:bryjon vb “boil” ; =
• gortos:gortos vb “await, wait for, remain, stay” ; =
• gwrias:gwri vb “sew, stitch” ; =

Verbs from the 2020 dictionary

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This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/stems/verbs.lexc