Inflection lexica for Inari Saami verbs
This file contains the morphology for the Inari Saami verbs.
The morphophonological processes are governed by triggers. When there are more
triggers, tney must be ordered as follows (where {A,B} C means A or B, thereafter C):
{SV,ÁE,ÁI} {EA,SC} FCD {WG,CSH} CLEN {VHIGH,VBACK} {RVSH,RLEN} EA {SLEN,SVSH} SVLOW
Overview of the file
- Auxiliaries
- NEG
- LEDE
- 2-syllabic: 2SYLL_ etc. (classified according to infinitive suffix)
- 3-syllabic
- 4-syllabic
- Unclassified: verbstems, 3v, 4v
A note on morphophonology:
The consonant gradation setup for verbs is to a certain extent different
from the one for nouns. For the nouns, the stem vowel is part of the stem,
whereas for the verbs, the stem vowel is added here in the affixes file.
Auxiliaries
LEXICON NEG = lists all forms of the negation verb
LEXICON LEDE = lists all forms of the copula
The regular verbs
Order of lexica
We present lexica for even, odd and contracted stems. Finally come lexica for flag diacritica.
Transitivity: Lexica marked _IV and _TV get +IV and +TV tags before
being redirected to common inflection.
Within each lexicon, the suffixes are ordered as follows:
- Infinites
- Indicative
- Conditional
- Potential
- Derivations
Even-syllable stems
AD verbs (verbs ending in -âđ)
LEXICON 2SYLL_HAAHAD
LEXICON 2SYLL_AASSAD ( 48 verbs)
- 2SYLL_AASSAD - aassâđ ääss
- Inf:â%>đ K ;
- Ind+Prs+Sg3:á^CSH^VHIGH áásá,
- Ind+Prs+Pl3:i^CSH%>h ääsih, rvow like Inf,
- ConNeg:â^WG rvow like Inf,
- Ind+Prt+Sg1:i^VBACK%>m aassim
Full paradigms
LEXICON 2SYLL_VIEZZAD
LEXICON 2SYLL_SPELLAD
Similar to 2SYLL_ETTAD, but less CSH, don’t know yet how much. 20 verbs
LEXICON 2SYLL_VIHKAD
LEXICON 2SYLL_ETTAD
- 2SYLL_ETTAD ettâđ e^RVtt4
- Inf:â^VHIGH%>đ
- Ind+Prs+Sg3:á^CSH^VHIGH iätá
- Ind+Prs+Pl3:e^CSH%>h
- ConNeg:â^WG^VHIGH^RLEN
- Ind+Prt+Sg1:i%>m
LEXICON 2SYLL_KAVNAD
- 2SYLL_KAVNAD as ETTAD as ETTAD but with VBACK kavnâđ kä^RVvn, only RV ä in stem tothis lexicon 57 verbs
- Inf:
- Ind+Prs+Sg3: kávná
- Ind+Prs+Pl3: kävnih
- ConNeg: kaavnâ
- Ind+Prt+Sg1: kavnim
LEXICON 2SYLL_KALGAD (only TV)
- 2SYLL_KALGAD kalgâđ
- Inf:
- Ind+Prs+Sg3: kálgá
- Ind+Prs+Pl3: kälgih
- ConNeg: kaalgâ
- Ind+Prt+Sg1: kalgim
LEXICON 2SYLL_KOLGAD
LEXICON 2SYLL_COGGAD
- 2SYLL_COGGAD kolgâđ ka^RVlg
- Inf:
- Ind+Prs+Sg3: kalga
- Ind+Prs+Pl3: kalgeh
- ConNeg: koolgâ
- Ind+Prt+Sg1: kolgim
LEXICON 2SYLL_KULGAD
- 2SYLL_KULGAD kulgâđ ko^RVlg
- Inf:
- Ind+Prs+Sg3: kolgá
- Ind+Prs+Pl3: kolgeh
- ConNeg: kuulgâ
- Ind+Prt+Sg1: kulgim
Distinct from SODDAD with short vowel in past tense (du)
Turns out it was not distinct after all. Preper for fusing KULGAD and SODDAD
- LEXICON LEDE = back to KULGAD
** LEXICON EVEN_PRT_KULGAD
LEXICON 2SYLL_SODDAD
- 2SYLL_SODDAD šoddâđ ša^RVdd
- Inf:
- Ind+Prs+Sg3: šadda
- Ind+Prs+Pl3: šaddeh
- ConNeg: šoodâ
- Ind+Prt+Sg1: šoddim
- 2SYLL_TOOLLAD - toollâđ, tuáll
- Inf:â^VBACK%>đ
- Ind+Prs+Sg3: tuálá, á^CSH
- Ind+Prs+Pl3:i^CSH%>h tuálih, rvow like Sg3
- ConNeg:â^WG^VHIGH^RLEN rvow like Sg3
- Prt+Sg1:i^VBACK^RLEN%>m toollim
LEXICON 2SYLL_OPPAD
- 2SYLL_OPPAD oppâđ uápp
- Inf:
- Ind+Prs+Sg3: uáppá
- Ind+Prs+Pl3: uáppih
- ConNeg: oopâ
- Ind+Prt+Sg1: oppim
- Der/InchL: opâškyettiđ
suggested stem = tuáll
Impossible to see the differences in diphtong length
LEXICON 2SYLL_TOOHAD 38 verbs
- 2SYLL_TOOHAD - toohâđ, ta^RVh^RC
- Inf: = 2SYLL_MOONNAD
- Ind+Prs+Sg3:á^CSH taha,
- Ind+Prs+Pl3:e^CSH%>h taheh, rvow like Sg3
- Ind+Prt+Sg3:â^WG^VHIGH^RLEN%>i juuvâi
- ConNeg: rvow like Inf = 2SYLL_MOONNAD
- Ind+Prt+Sg1: toohim = 2SYLL_MOONNAD
LEXICON 2SYLL_MMOONNAD 24 verbs
- 2SYLL_MOONNAD - moonnâđ ma^RVnn
- Inf:â^VHIGH^RLEN%>đ (functions also for ääss)
- Ind+Prs+Sg3:á^CSH mana,
- Ind+Prs+Pl3:e^CSH%>h maneh, rvow like Sg3
- ConNeg:â^WG^VHIGH^RLEN rvow like Inf
- Ind+Prt+Sg1:i^VHIGH^RLEN%>m moonnim
nuuvâ, iige noovâ
LEXICON 2SYLL_VIIRRAD
LEXICON 2SYLL_VIISSAD
- 2SYLL_VIISSAD - viiššâđ, vi^RVšš
- Inf:â^VHIGH^RLEN%>đ
- Ind+Prs+Sg3:á^CSH višá,
- Ind+Prs+Pl3:e^CSH^RVSH%>h, rvow like Sg3 višeh
- ConNeg:â^WG^RLEN viišâ, rvow like Inf
- Ind+Prt+Sg1:i^RLEN%>m viiššim
LEXICON 2SYLL_CIEPPAD like 2SYLL_KIESSAD but less CSH 4 verbs. 34 verbs
LEXICON 2SYLL_KIESSAD
- 2SYLL_KIESSAD - kiessâđ, kiess
- Inf:â%>đ
- Ind+Prs+Sg3:á^CSH^VHIGH kiäsá,
- Ind+Prs+Pl3:i^CSH%>h kiesih
- ConNeg:â^WG rvow like Inf kiesâ
- Ind+Prt+Sg1:i%>m kiessim
LEXICON 2SYLL_VUOLLAD ye to ua vyešš 71 verbs
- 2SYLL_VUOLLAD - vuollâđ, vuoll OBS: not Prs+Pl3 vowel like the others
- Inf:â%>đ
- Ind+Prs+Sg3:á^CSH^VHIGH vuálá,
- Ind+Prs+Pl3:i^CSH%>h vyelih
- ConNeg:â^WG rvow like Inf vuolâ
- Ind+Prt+Sg1:i%>m vuollim
LEXICON 2SYLL_LUOIKKAD RUOTTAD_LUOIKKAD, passive, no Der/l, otherw like ruottad, 3 verbs
LEXICON 2SYLL_RUOTTAD
LEXICON 2SYLL_LUOIKKAD, no passive
ED verbs
- 2SYLL_KALVED kalveđ ka^RVlv
- kalvam
- kalva
- kalveh
- kalve
- 2SYLL_POHTED pohteđ:po5^RVht
- poovtám RLEN
- pohtá
- pohteh
- povte
LEXICON 2SYLL_PIHTED 82 verbs
- 2SYLL_PIHTED pihteđ pi^RVht
- pivtám
- pihtá
- pihteh
- pivte
EED verbs
ID verbs
2SYLL_UADDID
- 2SYLL_UADDID
- Ind+Prs+Sg1: čálám
- Ind+Prs+Sg3: čáálá
- Ind+Prs+Pl3: čäälih NB! čäällih?
as 2SYLL_ID, but only 3 person
2SYLL_ID celkkiđ
2SYLL_EELLID
- 2SYLL_EELLID: iälám iälá eelih ij ele
** LEXICON VINFINITES_EELLID !
- 2SYLL_PAACCID pääcciđ
- Ind+Prs+Sg1: páásám
- Ind+Prs+Sg3: páácá
- Ind+Prs+Pl3: pääcih NB! pääccih?
OD verbs
OOD verbs
- 2SYLL_OOD
- Prt+Du1 njivvoim WG CLEN
2SYLL_ORROOD
- 2SYLL_ORROOD like 2SYLL_OOD, but different triggers here and there
- Prt+Du1 oroim WG
UD verbs
2SYLL_KUARRUD
- 2SYLL_KUARRUD long dipht => -o
- Inf: kuárruđ
- Ind+Prs+Sg3: kuáru
- Ind+Prs+Pl3: kuáruh
- ConNeg: kuáru, kuáro
- Ind+Prt+Sg1: koorrum
2SYLL_UD
- 2SYLL_UD
- Inf: ruábbuđ
- Ind+Prs+Sg3: ruábbu
- Ind+Prs+Pl3: ruábbuh
- ConNeg: ruábu
- Ind+Prt+Sg1: ruábbum
2SYLL_UAZZUID
- 2SYLL_UAZZUD
- Inf: uážžuđ
- Ind+Prs+Sg3: uážžu
- Ind+Prs+Pl3: uážžuh
- ConNeg: uážu
- Ind+Prt+Sg1: ožžum
Common even lexica
Odd-syllable stems
-
3_KUIKETTID = 3_LEKKASID. TODO: Unify (?)
- 3_LEKKASID (no stem change, but going to ODDLEX)
-
Sg1: %>âm, Sg3: ^CLEN^RLEN (note: ODDLEX :-(
- 3_CIELATTID (stem-final tt shortening) cielâttiđ: cielât Length change in stem: Consonant change only
-
Sg1: %>âm, Sg3: ^CLEN^RLEN
- 3_VYEJETTID (2syll vow short in Inf, long in Sg3, 1st syll V lengthening) vyejettiđ vyejeet
-
Sg1: %>âm, Sg3: ^RLEN^SLEN
- 3_ADELID
-
Sg1: %>âm, Sg3: ^CLEN
- 3_MERIDID
-
Sg1: %>âm, Sg3: ^CLEN^RLEN
- 3_PUTESTID (cns and vow lengthening) putestiđ: putteest Length change in stem: Short V in Inf (before V)
-
Sg1: %>âm, Sg3: ^CLEN^SLEN
- 3_COKKIITTID (stem-final tt shortening + 2syll vow shortening cokkiittiđ cokkit.
- Sg1: %>âm, Sg3: ^SVSH
- difference in negation + Action Ess, Loc.. compared to 3_COKKIITTID)
- Length change in stem: Long V in Inf (before C#).
Common lexicons inflecting odd-syllabic verbs
Derivational extentions to 3-syllabic verbs
4-syllabic
- 4v
- 4_ADELISTID
- 4_KAVNATTATTAD
- 4_TUHHID
Contracted stems
j stems
- Contracted j-stems
- C_COKKAD (áj-contracted)
- Ind Prs Pl3 čokkájeh
- C_PALLAD (aj-contracted)
- C_TUHHID (ej-contracted)
- C_RAMMUD (oj-contracted)
v stems
4-syllabic
LEXICON 4SYLL_KYETTID
LEXICON 4_ADELISTID
LEXICON 4_ITTID
LEXICON 4_UHCAD
Other lexica
Here come the case variation for VAbess, and flag for VGen, they are invariant above and thus collected here.
Case lexica
-
LEXICON VABESS to handle Abessive variation, hánnáá, hennáá, hinnáá.
-
LEXICON VGEN flag for VGen
Derivation lexica
These point to different nominal paradigms.
- LEXICON DER_MAS
- LEXICON IJJE
- LEXICON IJJE_PRSPRC
- LEXICON NOMACT for -náál suffixation.
Flag section
The lexica in this section add the @C.NeedNoun@ flag, thereby allowing them to
become the second part of N + (V > N) compounds.
LEXICON FLAG_3HUKSIM should not be disallowed by ENDLEX @D.NeedNoun.ON@
LEXICON FLAG_3KIEDAVUSSAM should not be disallowed by ENDLEX @D.NeedNoun.ON@
LEXICON FLAG_CTAHHEE should not be disallowed by ENDLEX @D.NeedNoun.ON@
LEXICON FLAG_K should not be disallowed by ENDLEX @D.NeedNoun.ON@
This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/affixes/verbs.lexc