Mansi morphological analyser
This file declares the multicharacter symbols used to analyse Mansi, as well as gives the
basic Root lexicon.
Multichar_Symbolsdefinitions
Multicharacter letters in the alphabet
Vowels with a macron
- а̄ е̄ ё̄ ӣ о̄ ӯ ы̄ э̄ ю̄ я̄ also composed и, у
- А̄ Е̄ Ё̄ Ӣ О̄ Ӯ Ы̄ Э̄ Ю̄ Я̄ also composed И, У
Vowels with precomposed macron, in the code we use
- %+ suffix border
Analysis symbols
The morphological analyses of wordforms for the Mansi
language are presented in this system in terms of the following symbols.
(It is highly suggested to follow existing standards when adding new tags).
The parts-of-speech are:
- +N
- +A
- +Adv
- +V
- +Pron
- +CS
- +CC
- +Adp
- +Po
- +Pr
- +Interj
- +Pcle
- +Num
- +Prc
- +Det
The parts of speech are further split up into:
- +Prop
- +Pers
- +Deg degree мощща
- +Dem
- +Emph This might overlap with Pron+Refl
- +Interr
- +Refl this is also used for +Nom intensfier
- +Recipr
- +Rel
- +Indef
- +Aux Auxiliary
- +Err/Orth do not accept, but recognize
- +Err/Orth-no-hyphen do not accept, preverb merged without hyphen
- +Err/Orth-long-v do not accept, but recognize vowel is long
- +Use/NG do not generate, but accept
- +Use/-Spell do not use in speller
- +Use/SpellNoSugg recognized but not suggested in speller
- +Dial/-SOSV forms not in use in SOSV (Sosva)
The nominals are inflected in the following Case and Number
- +Sg +Du +Pl
- +Nom
- +Acc
- +Abl ныл
- +Ins тыл
- +Instr
- +Lat Ын (2007: Дательный падеж)
- +Loc Ыт
-
+Tra Ыг
- +Dat Dative
- +Ela Elative
- +Pos
- !+Comp
- +Superl
- +Attr
- +Coll - Collective numeral
- +Arab - Arabic numeral
- +Rom - Roman numeral
Number, person and mod
- +Card +Ord Numerals are classified under:
- +Sg1 +Sg2 +Sg3 +Du1 +Du2 +Du3 +Pl1 +Pl2 +Pl3 Personal pronouns are marked as
- +PxSg1 +PxSg2 +PxSg3 +PxDu1 +PxDu2 +PxDu3 +PxPl1 +PxPl2 +PxPl3 for possessive suffixes
- +ScSg1 +ScSg2 +ScSg3 +ScDu1 +ScDu2 +ScDu3 +ScPl1 +ScPl2 +ScPl3 Verb subject conjugation
- +OcSg +OcDu +OcPl Verb object conjugation
- +Ind +Prs +Prt +Pot +Cond +Imprt +Evid Verb moods
- +Inf +Ger +ConNeg +ConNegII +Neg +ImprtII +PrsPrc +PrfPrc +Sup +VGen +VAbess +Pass +Act infinite verbforms
- +TV +IV for transitive, intransitive
- +Trans hmm, Trans and TV?
Compounded words
- +Cmp/Coll collective noun with inflection in two stems а̄гирищит-пы̄грищит
- +Cmp compounding
Abbreviated words are classified with:
- +ABBR +ACR
- +Symbol = independent symbols in the text stream, like £, €, ©
Special symbols are classified with:
- +CLB +PUNCT +LEFT +RIGHT
-
+CLBfinal Sentence final abbreviated expression ending in full stop, so that the full stop is ambiguous
- +Multi multiword units
-
+Guess Non-dictionary words (not in use)
- +Qst +Foc Question and Focus particles
- +v1
- +v2
- +v3
- +v4
- +v5
- +v6
- +v7
- +v8
- +v9
- +v10
- +v11
- +v12
- +v13
- +v14
- +v15
- +v16
- +v17
- +v18
- +v19
- +v20
- +v21
- +v22
- +v23
- +v24
Semantics are classified with
- +Sem/Mal
- +Sem/Fem
- +Sem/Sur
- +Sem/Plc
- +Sem/Org
- +Sem/Obj
- +Sem/Ani
- +Sem/Hum
- +Sem/Plant
- +Sem/Group
- +Sem/Time
- +Sem/Time-clock
- +Sem/Txt
- +Sem/Route
- +Sem/Measr
- +Sem/Wthr
- +Sem/Build
- +Sem/Edu
- +Sem/Veh
- +Sem/Clth
- +Sem/ID
Clitic
- +Qst Question particle -а
- +Clt/Ki With Pron+Prs+Nom
- +Clt/Ti With Pron+Prs+Nom
Derivations are classified under the morphophonetic form of the suffix, the
source and target part-of-speech.
- +V→N +V→V +V→A
- +Der/xxx
- +Der
- +Der/Vlt V»V - паргуӈкве ‘сыпаться’ ‘fall’ -> паргалтаӈкве ‘посеять’ ‘sprinkle’
- +Der/Vnt V»V - о̄луӈкве ‘жить’ ‘to be, to live, to reside’ -> о̄лантаӈкве ‘существовать’ ‘to live, to reside’
- +Der/Vasa V»V - ялуӈкве ‘сходить, съездить’ ‘to go, to travel’ -> яласаӈкве ‘ходить, ездить’ ‘to go, to travel (regularly)’
- +Der/Vyglal V»V - ликмуӈкве ‘попасть в ловушку’ -> ликмыгла̄луӈкве попадать в ловушку
- +Der/Vyschl V»V - алуӈкве ‘убить, добить’ ‘to kill, to hunt down’ -> алыщлаӈкве ‘ловить, охотиться’ ‘to kill, to fish, to hunt’
- +Der/Ap V» ап Deverbal noun, not regular semantic correlation
- +Der/Comp Comparitive -нув-
- +Der/Dimin Diminutives in -кве (older)/-ке (~ Sosva)/-те (~ Ljapin)
- +Der/Ord is this the best analysis?
- +Der/NomAct м
- +Der/Yng N» ыӈ Proprietive as in kpv -а
-
+Der/Yshch A» ыщ
-
+Use/Circ =
- +OLang/KCA = Khanty
- +OLang/RUS = Russian
- +OLang/UND = Undefined
Symbols that need to be escaped on the lower side (towards twolc):
- »7: Literal »
- «7: Literal «
%[%>%]- Literal >
%[%<%]- Literal <
- +Use/-PMatch = for preprocessing
- +Use/PMatch = for preprocessing
- @P.Pmatch.Backtrack@ = for preprocessing
- +Use/TTS – only retained in the HFST Text-To-Speech disambiguation tokeniser
- +Use/-TTS – never retained in the HFST Text-To-Speech disambiguation tokeniser
Morphophonology
To represent phonologic variations in word forms we use the following
symbols (archiphones) in the lexicon files:
%{аяØ%} PxPl3 %{аяØ%}ныл
%{аяLong%} ScPl3+OcSg %{аяLong%}ныл
%{ыиØ%} Loc and Ins
- %{уюØ%} suffix onset vowel
%{тØ%} Ins, PxSg3,
%{ЫИ%} +V+Ind+Prs+OcSg+ScSg1
%{ЭЕLong%} +V+Ind+Prs+ScSg1, PxDu3
%{ЭЕ%} +V+Ind+Prs+ScDu2, PxSg3
%{йØ%} ыг
- %{Øы%} ы in Sg Loc Is this same as Sg Lat, too 2021-10-18
%{ыØ%} specific floating vowel
%{иØ%} specific floating vowel
%{уØ%} specific floating vowel
And following triggers to control variation
%{VO%} Stem ending in vowel other than и ы
%{VI%} Stem ending in vowel и or ы
%{SYNCH%} Stem with syncope with и, ы, у hard
%{SYNCS%} Stem with syncope with и, ы, у soft
%{NOSYNCH%} Stem without syncope with и, ы, у hard
%{NOSYNCS%} Stem without syncope with и, ы, у soft
%{VCH%} Stem ending in single hard consonant
%{VCCH%} Stem ending in hard consonant cluster
%{VCS%} Stem ending in single soft consonant
%{VCCS%} Stem ending in soft consonant cluster
%{VA%} -аӈкве verb
%{VU%} -уӈкве verb
%^RmVow stem-final vowel removal
Flag diacritics
We have manually optimised the structure of our lexicon using following
flag diacritics to restrict morhpological combinatorics - only allow compounds
with verbs if the verb is further derived into a noun again:
| Flag |
Explanation |
| @P.NeedNoun.ON@ |
(Dis)allow compounds with verbs unless nominalised |
| @D.NeedNoun.ON@ |
(Dis)allow compounds with verbs unless nominalised |
| @C.NeedNoun@ |
(Dis)allow compounds with verbs unless nominalised |
| @D.ErrOrth.ON@ |
Disallow ErrOrth |
| @C.ErrOrth@ |
Clear ErrOrth flag |
| @P.ErrOrth.ON@ |
Set positive value for ErrOrth flag |
| @R.ErrOrth.ON@ |
Reset ErrOrth Flag |
For languages that allow compounding, the following flag diacritics are needed
to control position-based compounding restrictions for nominals. Their use is
handled automatically if combined with +CmpN/xxx tags. If not used, they will
do no harm.
| Flag |
Explanation |
| @P.CmpFrst.FALSE@ |
Require that words tagged as such only appear first |
| @D.CmpPref.TRUE@ |
Block such words from entering ENDLEX |
| @P.CmpPref.FALSE@ |
Block these words from making further compounds |
| @D.CmpLast.TRUE@ |
Block such words from entering R |
| @D.CmpNone.TRUE@ |
Combines with the next tag to prohibit compounding |
| @U.CmpNone.FALSE@ |
Combines with the prev tag to prohibit compounding |
| @P.CmpOnly.TRUE@ |
Sets a flag to indicate that the word has passed R |
| @D.CmpOnly.FALSE@ |
Disallow words coming directly from root. |
Use the following flag diacritics to control downcasing of derived proper
nouns (e.g. Finnish Pariisi -> pariisilainen). See e.g. North Sámi for how to use
these flags. There exists a ready-made regex that will do the actual down-casing
given the proper use of these flags.
| Flag |
Explanation |
| @U.Cap.Obl@ |
Allowing downcasing of derived names: deatnulasj. |
| @U.Cap.Opt@ |
Allowing downcasing of derived names: deatnulasj. |
Flags used to identify parts of speech
- @P.POS.PRON@
- @U.POS.N@
-
@U.POS.A@
- @P.POS.N@
- @R.POS.N@
- @P.POS.V@
- @R.POS.V@
- @C.POS@
Flags used with serial verbs
- @U.CONJ-INF.YES@
-
@U.CONJ-INF.NO@
- @U.CONJ-TX.NONPAST@
- @U.CONJ-TX.PRT1@
-
@U.CONJ-TX.PRT2@
- @U.CONJ-MX.IND@
- @D.CONJ-MX.IND@ 2012-11-04 should this be –D– or –N–
- @U.CONJ-MX.IMP@
- @U.CONJ-MX.OPT@
- @U.CONJ-MX.PREC@
- @U.CONJ-MX.DES@
- @U.CONJ-MX.CONJ@
-
@U.CONJ-MX.COND@
- @U.CONJ-CONNEG.YES@
-
@U.CONJ-CONNEG.NO@
- @U.CONJ-NX.PL@
-
@U.CONJ-NX.SG@
- @U.CONJ-POSS.1@
- @U.CONJ-POSS.2@
- @U.CONJ-POSS.3@
- @U.CONJ-POSS.2ACC@
-
@U.CONJ-POSS.3ACC@
- @U.CONJ-PX.10@
- @U.CONJ-PX.12@
- @U.CONJ-PX.13@
- @U.CONJ-PX.15@
- @U.CONJ-PX.16@
- @U.CONJ-PX.20@
- @U.CONJ-PX.21@
- @U.CONJ-PX.23@
- @U.CONJ-PX.24@
- @U.CONJ-PX.26@
- @U.CONJ-PX.30@
- @U.CONJ-PX.31@
- @U.CONJ-PX.32@
- @U.CONJ-PX.33@
- @U.CONJ-PX.34@
- @U.CONJ-PX.35@
-
@U.CONJ-PX.36@
- @U.CONJ-PX.40@
- @U.CONJ-PX.42@
- @U.CONJ-PX.43@
- @U.CONJ-PX.45@
-
@U.CONJ-PX.46@
- @U.CONJ-PX.50@
- @U.CONJ-PX.51@
- @U.CONJ-PX.53@
- @U.CONJ-PX.54@
-
@U.CONJ-PX.56@
- @U.CONJ-PX.60@
- @U.CONJ-PX.61@
- @U.CONJ-PX.62@
- @U.CONJ-PX.63@
- @U.CONJ-PX.64@
- @U.CONJ-PX.65@
-
@U.CONJ-PX.66@
- @R.CONJ-PX.13@
- @R.CONJ-PX.16@
- @R.CONJ-PX.23@
- @R.CONJ-PX.26@
- @R.CONJ-PX.33@
-
@R.CONJ-PX.36@
- @R.CONJ-PX.43@
-
@R.CONJ-PX.46@
- @R.CONJ-PX.53@
-
@R.CONJ-PX.56@
- @R.CONJ-PX.63@
-
@R.CONJ-PX.66@
- @P.CONJ.ObjAll@
- @R.CONJ.ObjAll@
- @C.CONJ@
- @P.TLOSS.ON@
-
@R.TLOSS.ON@
- @P.PossPx.Sg1@
- @P.PossPx.Sg2@
- @P.PossPx.Sg3@
- @P.PossPx.Du1@
- @P.PossPx.Du2@
- @P.PossPx.Du3@
- @P.PossPx.Pl1@
- @P.PossPx.Pl2@
-
@P.PossPx.Pl3@
- @U.PossPx.S3@
-
@U.PossPx.SP3@
- @U.PossPx.Sg1@
- @U.PossPx.Sg2@
- @U.PossPx.Sg3@
- @U.PossPx.Du1@
- @U.PossPx.Du2@
- @U.PossPx.Du3@
- @U.PossPx.Pl1@
- @U.PossPx.Pl2@
-
@U.PossPx.Pl3@
- @D.PossPx@
- @C.PossPx@
- @P.TNUM.SG@
- @P.TNUM.PL@
- @D.TNUM.SG@
- @D.TNUM.PL@
- @C.TNUM@
problematic
- @P.TPERS.1@
- @P.TPERS.2@
- @P.TPERS.3@
- @N.TPERS.1@
- @N.TPERS.2@
- @N.TPERS.3@
- @U.TPERS.1@
- @U.TPERS.2@
- @U.TPERS.3@
-
@C.TPERS@
- @U.CX.ABL@
- @U.CX.INS@
- @U.CX.LAT@
- @U.CX.LOC@
- @U.CX.NOM@
-
@U.CX.TRA@
- @N.CX.ABL@
- @N.CX.INS@
- @N.CX.LAT@
- @N.CX.LOC@
- @N.CX.NOM@
- @N.CX.TRA@
-
@C.CX@
- @P.DNUM.PL@
- @P.DNUM.SG@
- @U.DNUM.PL@
- @U.DNUM.SG@
-
@C.DNUM@
- @P.NUM.SG@
- @P.NUM.PL@
- @D.NUM.SG@
- @D.NUM.PL@
- @C.NUM@
FLAGS USED WITH VERB PREFIXES
- @U.VPref.akwan@
- @U.VPref.jol@
- @U.VPref.jola@
- @U.VPref.jot@
- @U.VPref.kon@
- @U.VPref.konalj@
- @U.VPref.konyl@
- @U.VPref.laakkwa@
- @U.VPref.lap@
- @U.VPref.ljaaljt@
- @U.VPref.naaluw@
- @U.VPref.noox@
- @U.VPref.nox@
- @U.VPref.paag@
- @U.VPref.paalyg@
- @U.VPref.pooxan@
- @U.VPref.pulig@
- @U.VPref.raawyg@
- @U.VPref.supyg@
- @U.VPref.taara@
- @U.VPref.tuw@
- @U.VPref.tyg@
- @U.VPref.xomi@
- @U.VPref.xot@
- @U.VPref.xoot@
- @U.VPref.eel@
- @U.VPref.eelalj@
- @U.VPref.juw@
- @U.VPref.juwle@
-
@U.VPref.juil@
- @R.VPref.akwan@
- @R.VPref.jol@
- @R.VPref.jola@
- @R.VPref.jot@
- @R.VPref.kon@
- @R.VPref.konalj@
- @R.VPref.konyl@
- @R.VPref.laakkwa@
- @R.VPref.lap@
- @R.VPref.ljaaljt@
- @R.VPref.naaluw@
- @R.VPref.noox@
- @R.VPref.nox@
- @R.VPref.paag@
- @R.VPref.paalyg@
- @R.VPref.pooxan@
- @R.VPref.pulig@
- @R.VPref.raawyg@
- @R.VPref.supyg@
- @R.VPref.taara@
- @R.VPref.tuw@
- @R.VPref.tyg@
- @R.VPref.xomi@
- @R.VPref.xot@
- @R.VPref.xoot@
- @R.VPref.eel@
- @R.VPref.eelalj@
- @R.VPref.juw@
- @R.VPref.juwle@
- @R.VPref.juil@
- @U.VPref.ZERO@
- @D.VPref.ZERO@
-
@R.VPref.ZERO@
- @U.VPref1.at@
- @U.VPref1.ul@
- @U.VPref1.ZERO@
- @R.VPref1.at@
- @R.VPref1.ul@
-
@R.VPref1.ZERO@
- @U.VPref2.ZERO@
- @U.VPref2.vos@
- @U.VPref2.te@
- @U.VPref2.ke@
- @U.VPref2.ta@
-
@U.VPref2.ty@
- @R.VPref2.ZERO@
- @R.VPref2.vos@
- @R.VPref2.te@
- @R.VPref2.ke@
- @R.VPref2.ta@
-
@R.VPref2.ty@
- @D.VPref1.ZERO@
- @D.VPref1.at@
- @D.VPref1.ul@
- @D.VPref2.vos@
- @D.VPref2.te@
- @D.VPref2.ke@
- @D.VPref2.ta@
- @D.VPref2.ty@
FLAGS USED WITH ERRORS, ORTHOGRAPHIC or others
- @U.ERRORTH.nohyphen@ +Err/Orth-no-hyphen
- @R.ERRORTH.nohyphen@
- @D.ERRORTH.nohyphen@
FLAGS USED WITH COLLECTIVE NOUNS
number
- @U.DECL-NX.SG@
- @U.DECL-NX.DU@
- @U.DECL-NX.PL@
- @R.DECL-NX.SG@
- @R.DECL-NX.DU@
- @R.DECL-NX.PL@
- @R.Pref1.at@
- @R.Pref2.ta@
- @R.Pref2.ty@
Removal
- @C.DECL-NX@
- @C.DECL-DX@
- @C.CX@
- @C.VPref@ юил/хот…
- @C.VPref1@ ат
- @C.VPref2@ та/ты
- @C.ERRORTH@
The basic lexica
LEXICON Root
The word forms in the MANSI language start from the lexeme roots of basic
word classes, or optionally from prefixes:
Nouns ;
Verbs ;
VPrefixes ;
Adjectives ;
Adverbs ;
Pronouns ;
Numerals ;
Conjunctions ;
Interjections ;
Participles ;
Postpositions ;
PROP_MANSINAMES ; mansi-specific proper nouns
urj-Cyrl-ProperNouns ; common cyrillic proper nouns
Punctuation ;
Symbols ;
Abbreviation ;
foreign_words ;
- LEXICON K for evt. clitic (goes to #)
This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/root.lexc