Finite state and Constraint Grammar based analysers, proofing tools and other resources
This file documents the phonology.twolc file
We first show alphabet and sets, thereafter rules.
They must be escaped (cf morpheme boundaries further down):
»7 «7 %[%>%] - Literal > %[%<%] - Literal <
%^D2ZERO:0 The d => 0
Dummy = %^DePal %^CC2C %^ConsSh %^ConsL %^VOWLower %^PalatalizeLeft %^PenVV2V %^Pen %^VV2V %^U2ZERO %^VOWRaise %^ConsRM %^StodRM %^Stress1to2 %^VowsLI1 %^VowsSh1 %^VV2V %^VowsRM ;
Rule: ǟ:ä in first syllable
täutõ00
kǟnga%^VV2V%^A2ÕIn2 examples:*
Rule: ā:a in first syllable
āļdža%^VV2V%^A2ÕIn2 examples:*
aļdžõ00 examples:*
āita%^PenVV2V%^VowsRM%>õ examples:*
ait000%>õ examples:*
Rule: ȱ:ȯ
vȱntsa%^VV2V%^VowsRM%>õ examples:*
vȯnts0000õ examples:*
Rule: ā:ī in second syllable plural
rikkā%^ConsSh%^Vow2Iin2>di examples:*
rik0ī000di examples:*
Rule: ū:ī in second syllable plural
ruzū%^Vow2Iin2>di examples:*
ruzī000di examples:*
Rule: ǭ:a in first syllable
Rule: ē:e in first syllable rēnaz+N+Sg+Gen:
Rule: ū:u in first syllable
Rule: ū:ȯ in first syllable
pūol0a%^Stress1to2%^ConsL examples:*
pȯ0llõ00 examples:*
pūoga%^VV2V%^PalatalizeLeft%^VowsRM%>õ examples:*
pȯig00000õ examples:*
Rule: ī:i in first syllable
tīer0a%^VV2V%^A2ÕIn2 examples:*
tierrõ00 examples:*
Rule: ȭ:õ in first syllable
mȭuka%^VV2V%^VowsRM%>õ examples:*
mõuk0000õ examples:*
Rule: ō:o in first syllable rōda+N+Pl+Par
lengthen vowels
Rule: e:ē in first syllable
leiba%^VowsLI1%>st examples:*
lē0ba00st examples:*
tei%^VowsLI1%>ḑi examples:*
tē000ḑi examples:*
Rule: u:ū in first syllable
ul%^VowsLI1>õd examples:*
ūl00õd examples:*
Rule: ȯ:ū in first syllable
Rule: ä:ǟ in first syllable
Rule: a:ǭ in first syllable
tam%^VowsL1aToǭõd examples:*
tǭm0õd examples:*
Rule: a:ā in first syllable
kand%^VowsLI1õd examples:*
kāndõd examples:*
Rule: o:ō in first syllable
ouki%^VowsLI1z examples:*
ō0ki0z examples:*
LOWER VOWELS Rule: ī:ē in tīe 15
tīʼe%^VOWLower%^StodRM%^VowsRM%>šti examples:*
Destressing in second syllable **Rule: ā:õ **
käp0ā%^ConsL%^LongV2Õin2 examples:*
**Rule: a:õ **
tīer0a%^VV2V%^A2ÕIn2 examples:*
tierrõ00 examples:*
**Rule: ū:õ **
Rule: õ:i
ǭʼrõn%^Õ2I%^PalatalizeLeft examples:*
ǭʼriņ00 examples:*
nȭŗkõz%^Õ2I%>ist examples:*
nȭŗkiz00ist examples:*
VOWEL LOSS
Rule: ā:0
aʼmmā%^PalatalizeLeft%^ConsSh%^VowsRM%>ži examples:*
äʼm000000ži examples:*
aʼmā%^PalatalizeLeft%^ConsSh%^VowsRM%>ḑi examples:*
ä0m00000ḑi examples:*
daʼdzā%^Stress1to2%^VowsRM%>õ examples:*
daʼdz0000õ examples:*
maʼigāz%^StodRM%^VowsRM%^ConsRM>īst examples:*
ma0ig000000īst examples:*
Rule: ō:0
Rule: ū:0
Rule: ī:0
sīe%>i examples:*
s0e0i examples:*
Rule: a:0 rēnaz+N+Sg+Gen:
rōda+N+Pl+Par
jarr000>õ
pūol0a%^Stress1to2%^ConsL%^VowsRMõ examples:*
pȯ0ll0000õ examples:*
kǟnga%^VV2V%^PalatalizeLeft%^VowsRMi examples:*
Rule: e:0
Rule: {õØ}:0
Rule: õ:0
kittõ%^ConsSh%^VowsRM%>dõd examples:*
kit00000tõd examples:*
Rule: i:0 in first syllable
leiba%^VowsLI1%>st examples:*
lē0ba00st examples:*
tei%^VowsLI1%>ḑi examples:*
tē000ḑi examples:*
lǭija%^ConsSh examples:*
lǭ0ja0 examples:*
liestā%^VowShIn1%^PalatalizeLeft%^VowsRM%>i examples:*
l0ešt00000i examples:*
ūiska%^ConsSh examples:*
ū0ška0 examples:*
Rule: u:0 in second position of first-syllable diphthong
tǟ0t0000>a>m
ouki%^VowsLI1z examples:*
ō0ki0z examples:*
pǟuva%^ConsSh examples:*
Rule: o:0 in second position of first-syllable diphthong
* pūol0a%^Stress1to2%^ConsL examples:*
* pȯ0llõ00 examples:*
Rule: 0:õ in vowel metathesis
Rule: shorten consonantism between 1st and 2nd vowel center jeʼllõ:jelāb
aʼmmā%^PalatalizeLeft%^ConsSh%^VowsRM%>ži examples:*
äʼm000000ži examples:*
Rule: g:0
Rule: l:0
Rule: m:0
Rule: z:0 rēnaz+N+Sg+Gen:
Lengthening consonantism between first and second vowel center simultaneous to reducing vowel of second syllable
Rule: %{XC%}:Cx
%{XC%}:p 2014-02-27
kep%{XC%}>õ examples:*
kepp0õ examples:*
%{XC%}:s 2020-10-21 tas+N+Sg+Ill
%{XC%}:ž 2014-02-27
veʼd%^D2Ž%{XC%}>i examples:*
veʼž0ž0i examples:*
%{XC%}:k 2014-02-27
rok%{XC%}>õ examples:*
rokk0õ examples:*
Rule: Stod removal left
daʼdzā%^Stress1to2%^VowsRM%>õ examples:*
aʼb#sõ0n0ā
ka0l0ā%^Stress2to1 examples:*
Rule: z:ž
alīz%^PalatalizeLeft%>i examples:*
alīž00i examples:*
izā%^PalatalizeLeft%^VowsRM%>ḑi examples:*
iž0000ḑi examples:*
Rule: d:ḑ lēʼḑ:līʼed 147 rōda+N+Pl+Par
Rule: ļ:l
Rule: l:ļ This rule should not require the %^ConsRM:0 trigger, but for now this makes it work. kēļ:kēl 215
äʼddõl%^PalatalizeLeft%>i examples:*
äʼddiļ00i examples:*
tuʼl%^StodRM%^PalatalizeLeft%>īž examples:*
tu0ļ000īž examples:*
Rule: n:ņ palatalization
Vē0na%^PalatalizeLeft%^VowsRMõ examples:*
Vein000õ examples:*
ǭʼrõn%^PalatalizeLeft examples:*
ǭʼriņ0 examples:*
vȱntsa%^VV2V%^PalatalizeLeft%^VowsRM%>ti examples:*
vȯņtš00000ti examples:* sēņ:sēn 220
kǟnga%^VV2V%^PalatalizeLeft%^VowsRMi examples:*
keņg0000i examples:*
Rule: r:ŗ jūŗ:jūr 221
ǟrga^VV2V^VOWRaise^PalatalizeLeft^VowsRMi examples:*
eŗg0000i examples:*
Rule: d:t
kittõ%^ConsSh%^VowsRM%>dõd examples:*
kit00000tõd examples:* nominative plural
v0eʼd%^PreI%^StodRM%^D2T examples:*
vie0t examples:*
Rule: d:ț
Rule: d:ž
Rule: d:0 Vow: (ʼ:) (Cns:+) _ (%^Pen: %^VowsRM:|%^VOWRaise:) (%^PreI: %^StodRM:|%^VowsLI1:|%^StodRM:) [%^D2ZERO:0|%^ConsRM:] ;
P loss before subsequent morpheme with underlying
T loss before subsequent morpheme with underlying initial d
kittõ%^ConsSh%^VowsRM%>dõd examples:*
kit00000tõd examples:*
Rule: k:0
rikkā%^ConsSh%^Vow2Iin2di examples:*
rik0ī00di examples:*
Rule: š:0
Rule: ț:0
Rule: s:š palatalization
liestā%^VV2V%^PalatalizeLeft%^VowsRM%>i examples:*
l0ešt00000i examples:*
pȯ0is%^VowsLI1õd examples:*
pūo0š0õd examples:*
Rule: ǟ:ē palatalization
Rule: ǟ:e short and palatalization
Rule: ä:e short and palatalization
Rule: ǭ:ä palatalization
Rule: a:ä palatalization
aʼmā%^PalatalizeLeft%^ConsSh%^VowsRM%>ḑi examples:*
äʼm00000ḑi examples:*
This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/phonology.twolc