Liv language model documentation

All doc-comment documentation in one large file.

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src-cg3-functions.cg3.md

• Sets for POS sub-categories

• Sets for Semantic tags

• Sets for Morphosyntactic properties

• Sets for verbs

• V is all readings with a V tag in them, REAL-V should be the ones without an N tag following the V.
  The REAL-V set thus awaits a fix to the preprocess V … N bug.

• The set COPULAS is for predicative constructions

• NP sets defined according to their morphosyntactic features

• The PRE-NP-HEAD family of sets

These sets model noun phrases (NPs). The idea is to first define whatever can occur in front of the head of the NP, and thereafter negate that with the expression WORD - premodifiers.

The set NOT-NPMOD is used to find barriers between NPs. Typical usage: … (*1 N BARRIER NPT-NPMOD) … meaning: Scan to the first noun, ignoring anything that can be part of the noun phrase of that noun (i.e., “scan to the next NP head”)

• Miscellaneous sets

• Border sets and their complements

• Syntactic sets

These were the set types.

HABITIVE MAPPING

• hab1

• hab2

• hab3 ( @ADVL>) for hab-actor and hab-case; if leat to the right, and Nom to the right of leat. Lots of restrictions.

• habNomLeft

• hab4

• hab6

• hab7

• hab8 This is not HAB

• hab5 This is not HAB

• habDain ( @ADVL>) for (Pron Dem Pl Loc) if leat followed by Nom to the right

• habGen ( @<ADVL) hab for Gen; if Gen is located in the end of the sentence and Nom is sentence initial

• spred<obj (@SPRED<OBJ) for Acc; the object of an SPRPED. Not to be mistaken with OPRED. If SPRED is to the left, and copulas is to the left of it. Nom or Hab are found sentence initially.

• Hab<spred (@<SPRED) for Nom; if copulas, goallut or jápmit is FMAINV and habitive or human Loc is found to the left. OR: if Ill or @Pron< followed by HAB are found to the left.

• Hab>Advlcase<spred ( @<SUBJ) for Nom; it allows adverbials with Ill/Loc/Com/Ess to be found inbetween HAB and .

• Nom>Advlcase<spred ( @<SUBJ) for Nom; it allows adverbials with Ill/Loc/Com/Ess to be found inbetween Nom and @<SUBJ.

• <spred ( @<SUBJ) for Nom; if copulas to the left, and some kind of adverb, N Loc, time related word or Po to the left of it. OR: if Ill or @Pron< to the left, followed by copulas and the before mentioned to the left of copulas.

• <spred ( @<SUBJ) for Nom, but not for Pers. To the left boahtit or heaŋgát as MAINV, and futher to the left is some kind of place related word, or time related word

• <spredQst1 ( @<SUBJ) for Nom in a typically question sentence; if A) Hab, some kind of place word, Po or Nom to the left, and Qst followed by copulas to the left. B) same as a, only the Qst-pcle is attached to copulas. C) Qst to the left, with copulas to its left, but not if two Nom:s are found somewhere to the right. D) copulas to the left, and BOS to the left. E) Loc or Ill to the left, and Loc or Hab to the left of this, Qst and copulas to the left. F) Num @>N to the left, Hab, some kind of place word, Po or Nom to the left, and Qst followed by copulas to the left. NOTE) for all these rules; human, Loc or Sem/Plc not allowed to the right.

• <spredQst2 (@<SPRED) for Nom; in a typically question sentence; differs from <spredQst1 by not beeing as restricted to the right. Though you are not allowed to be Pers or human.

• Nom<spredQst (@<SPRED) for Nom; in a typically question sentence. Differs from <spredQst2 by letting Nom be found between SPRED and copulas

• <spred (@<SPRED) for A Nom or N Nom if; the subject Nom is on the same side of copulas as you: on the right side of copulas

• <spredVeara (@<SPRED) for veara + Nom; if genitive immediately to the right, and intransitive mainverb to the right of genitive

• leftCop<spred (@<SPRED) for Nom; if copulas is the main verb to the left, and there is no Ess found to the left of cop (note that Loc is allowed between target and cop). OR: if you are Coll or Sem/Group with copulas to your left.

• <spredLocEXPERIMENT (@<SPRED) for material Loc; if you are to the right of copulas, and the Nom to the left of copulas is not a hab-actor

• NumTime (@<SPRED) for A Nom

• <spredSg (@<SPRED) for Sg Nom

• <spredPg (@<SPRED) for Pl Nom

• <spred (@<SPRED) for Nom; if copulas to the left, and Nom or sentence boundary to the left of copulas. First one to the right is EOS.

• <spred (@<SPRED) for N Ess

• spredEss> (@SPRED>) for N Ess; if copulas to the right of you, and if an NP with nom-case first one to your left.

• HABSpredSg> (@SPRED>) for Nom; if habitive first one to the left, followed by copulas.

• GalleSpred> (@SPRED>) for Num Nom; if sentence initial

• spredSgMII> (@SPRED>)

• r492> (@SPRED>) for Interr Gen; consisting only of negations. You are not allowed to be MII. You are not allowed to have an adjective or noun to yor right. You are not allowed to have a verb to your right; the exception beeing an aux.

• AdjSpredSg> (@SPRED>) for A Sg Nom; if copulas to the right, but not if A or @<SPRED are found to the right of copulas

• SpredSg>Hab (@SPRED>) for Nom; if you are sentence initial, copulas is located to the right, and there is a habitive to the right of copulas

• Spred>SubjInf (@SPRED>) for Nom; if copulas to the right, and the subject of copulas is an Inf to the right

• spredCoord (@<SPRED) coordination for Nom; only if there already is a SPRED to the left of CNP. Not if there is some kind of comparison involved.

• subj>Sgnr1 (@SUBJ>) for Nom Sg, including Indef Nom if; VFIN + Sg3 or Pl3 to the right (VFIN not allowed to the left)

• subj>Du (@SUBJ>) for dual nominatives, including Coll Nom. VFIN + Du3 to the right.

• subj>Pl (@SUBJ>) for plural nominatives, including Coll and Sem/Group. VFIN + Pl3 to the right.

• subj>Pl (@SUBJ>) for plural nominatives

• subj>Sgnr2 (@SUBJ>) for Nom Sg; if VFIN + Sg3 to the right.

• <subjSg (@<SUBJ) for Nom Sg; if VFIN Sg3 or Du2 to the left (no HAB allowed to the left).

• f<advl (@-F<ADVL) for infinite adverbials

• f<advl (@-F<ADVL) for infinite adverbials

• s-boundary=advl> (@ADVL>) for ADVL that resemble s-booundaries. Mainverb to the right.

• -fobj> (@-FOBJ>) for Acc

• -fobj> (@-FOBJ>) for Acc

• advl>mainV (@ADVL>) if; finite mainverb not found to the left, but the finite mainverb is found to the right.

• <advl (@<ADVL) if; finite mainverb found to the left. Not if a comma is found immediately to the left and a finite mainverb is located somewhere to the right of this comma.

• <advlPoPr (@<ADVL) if mainverb to the left.

• advlPoPr> (@<ADVL) if mainverb to the right.

• advlEss> (@<ADVL) for weather and time Ess, if FMAINV to the left.

• advl>inbetween (@ADVL>) for Adv; if inbetween two sentenceboundaries where no mainverb is present.

• comma<advlEOS (@<ADVL) if; comma found to the left and the finite mainverb to the left of comma. To the right is the end of the sentence.

• advlBOS> (@ADVL>) if; you are N Ill and found sentnece initially. First one to your right is a clause.

• <advlPoEOS (@<ADVL) for Po; if you are found at the very end of a sentence. A mainverb is needed to the right though.

• cleanupILL<advl (@<ADVL) for N Ill if; there are no boundarysymbols to your left, if you arent already @N< OR @APP-N<, and no mainverb is to yor left.

• <opredAAcc (@<OPRED) for A Acc; if an other accusative to the left, and a transtive verb to the left of it. OR: if a transitive verb to the left, and an accusative to the left of it.

sma object

• <advlEss (@<ADVL) for ESS-ADVL if; FMAINV to the left
• <spredEss (@<SPRED) for N Ess if; FMAINV to the left is intransitive or bargat

SUBJ MAPPING - leftovers

OBJ MAPPING - leftovers

HNOUN MAPPING

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This (part of) documentation was generated from src/cg3/functions.cg3

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src-fst-morphology-affixes-adjectives.lexc.md

Adjective inflection

This file documents affixes/adjectives.lexc, the file for Livonian adjective inflection.

Indeclneables

**LEXICON A_-ZERO = modifiers that do not decline, goes to #

**LEXICON A_ = gives Pos tag.

Stem lexica

LEXICON A_PŪ contains pū: 12

LEXICON A_BRĪ contains brī:brī 16

LEXICON A_KALĀ contains kalā:kaʼlā 18

LEXICON A_TUBĀ tubā:tuʼbā 19

LEXICON A_AMĀ amā:aʼm 19a

LEXICON A_AIGĀ aigā:aʼig 20

LEXICON A_KŪJA kūja:??lēba 21

LEXICON A_IZĀ izā:izā 25

LEXICON A_OKSĀ oksā:oksā 30

LEXICON A_ĀIGA āiga:āiga 33

LEXICON A_SĪLMA sīlma:sīlma 34

LEXICON A_PADĀ padā:padā 39

LEXICON A_KÄPĀ käpā:käpā 41

LEXICON A_MAKSĀ maksā:maksā 42

LEXICON A_KĒRA kēra:kēra 43

LEXICON A_JǬRA jǭra:jǭra 44

LEXICON A_ĀITA āita:āita 46

LEXICON A_ŪŠKA ūška:ūška 47

LEXICON A_MȬKA mȭka:mȭka 48

LEXICON A_DADŽĀ dadžā:dadžā 49

LEXICON A_TĪERA tīera:tīera 54

LEXICON A_LILLA kuțā:kuțā 57

LEXICON A_KIʼV kiʼv:kiv 59

LEXICON A_PIʼŅ piʼņ:piņ 64

LEXICON A_OKŠ : 68

LEXICON A_KAŠ : 69

LEXICON A_TORĪ torī: 71

LEXICON A_KÕʼL kõʼl:kõl 73

LEXICON A_NIʼM niʼm:nim 76

LEXICON A_KAND kand: 94

• LEXICON A_SERK : 94 serk:serk

LEXICON A_UL ul: 99

LEXICON A_NIŖȚ niŗț: 102

LEXICON A_DAŅTŠ daņtš: 105

LEXICON A_TÄUŽ täuž: adres 112

LEXICON A_SIELDÕ sieldõ: 118

LEXICON A_NǬʼGÕ nǭʼgõ:nǭgõ 119

LEXICON A_AŠŠÕ : 120

LEXICON A_DRŪʼOŠÕ drūʼošõ:drūošõ 121

LEXICON A_IRM : 125

LEXICON A_KIM : 126

LEXICON A_VAʼIT vaʼit:vait 128

LEXICON A_AMĀT : 129

LEXICON A_SAʼGDIT saʼgdit:sagdit 131

LEXICON A_VIĻȚ : 132

LEXICON A_EĻ eļ: 133

LEXICON A_BLĒʼḐ blēʼḑ:blēḑ 134

LEXICON A_FAKT : 135

LEXICON A_SĪEND sīend: 138

LEXICON A_LǞʼND lǟʼnd:lǟnd 139

LEXICON A_ĀIGAST āigast: 140

LEXICON A_ANALĪZ analīz: 141

LEXICON A_NĪʼEM nīʼem:nīem 142

LEXICON A_VIŠ : 144

LEXICON A_SIDĀM : 157

LEXICON A_TŪOITÕG : 158

LEXICON A_KǬRAND kǭrand: 159

• Yaml: armtõb

LEXICON A_ȬʼDÕG ȭʼdõg:ȭdõg 160

LEXICON A_TAPTÕD taptõd: 161

LEXICON A_TĪʼEDÕD tīʼedõd:tīedõd 162

LEXICON A_VĪDÕZ vīdõz: 163

LEXICON A_TUOISTÕNZ : 164

LEXICON A_ĪʼDÕKSMÕZ ī’dõksmõz:īdõksmõz 165

LEXICON A_KÄBRĀZ : 168

LEXICON A_MAIGĀZ : 169

LEXICON A_NÕTKĀZ : 170

LEXICON A_RIKĀZ : 171

LEXICON A_ĀMBAZ āmbaz:āmba 173

LEXICON A_PŪŖAZ : 174

LEXICON A_PǬĻAZ : 175

LEXICON A_MÕTKÕZ mõtkõz: 179

LEXICON A_VȬRÕZ vȭrõz: 180

LEXICON A_ARĀGÕZ : 181

LEXICON A_ÄʼGGÕZ ä’ggõz:äggõz 182

LEXICON A_PŪʼDÕZ pūʼdõz:pūdõz 183

LEXICON A_SĒJI : 186 āndaji:āndaji sēji:sēji

LEXICON A_AKKIJI akkiji:akkiji 187

LEXICON A_LĒʼJI lēʼji:lēʼji 188

LEXICON A_AʼIGI aʼigi:aigi 192

LEXICON A_PUʼNNI pu’nni:punni 193

LEXICON A_KAȚKI : 194

LEXICON A_KUKKI : 195

LEXICON A_AIGI aigi:aigi 196

LEXICON A_OUKI : 197

LEXICON A_PAŖĪ : 198

LEXICON A_TŪĻI : 199

LEXICON A_AʼBLI aʼbli:abli 200

LEXICON A_SĒMI : 201

LEXICON A_LĒʼMI lē’mi:lēʼmi 202

LEXICON A_ALĪZ : 203

LEXICON A_KĒRATÕKS : 207

LEXICON A_VARĪKŠ varīkš: 209

LEXICON A_ŪŽ : 219 ūž:ūd

LEXICON A_JŪŖ jūŗ:jūr 221

LEXICON A_SŪR sūr:sūr 222

LEXICON A_DULLÕNZ dullõnz:dullõn 227

LEXICON A_AŅGÕRZ : aņgõrz:aņgõr 229

LEXICON A_TIDĀR tidār:tidār 233

LEXICON A_APPÕN appõn:appõn 235

LEXICON A_ǬʼRÕN ǭʼrõn:ǭrõn 236

LEXICON A_KĪNDÕR kīndõr:kīndõr 237

LEXICON A_BÄʼZMÕR bäʼzmõr:bäzmõr 238

LEXICON A_TARĪĻ tarīļ:tarīļ 239

LEXICON A_ĀNKAŖ ānkaŗ:ānkaŗ 240

LEXICON A_ǬʼBIĻ ǭʼbiļ:ǭbiļ 242

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This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/affixes/adjectives.lexc

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src-fst-morphology-affixes-adpositions.lexc.md

Adjective inflection

This file documents affixes/adpositions.lexc

**LEXICON POSTP_ = points to #

**LEXICON POSTP_ = points to #

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This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/affixes/adpositions.lexc

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src-fst-morphology-affixes-conjunctors.lexc.md

Conjunctions

This file documents affixes/conjunctors.lexc

**LEXICON CONJ_ = These need to be corrected, it points to #.

**LEXICON CC_ = Livonian conjunctors, points to #

**LEXICON CS_ = Livonian subjunctors, points to #

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This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/affixes/conjunctors.lexc

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src-fst-morphology-affixes-determiners.lexc.md

Determiner inflection

This file documents affixes/determiners.lexc, the language model for Livonian determiner inflection.

Stem lexica

LEXICON DET_NAI nai: 191

LEXICON DET_TŪĻI tūļi: 199

LEXICON DET_SĒMI sēmi: 201

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This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/affixes/determiners.lexc

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src-fst-morphology-affixes-nouns.lexc.md

Livonian noun inflection

This file documents affixes/nouns.lexc, the Livonian noun inflection file.

Ad hoc lexica

PROBLEMS with dictionary lexica

• LEXICON N_
• LEXICON N_¤29

Stem lexica

• LEXICON N_PŪ contains pū: 12 ~156

• LEXICON N_PŪ-PL contains pū: 12

• LEXICON N_RǬʼ contains rǭʼ:rǭʼ 13

• LEXICON N_PǞ contains pǟ:pǟ 14

• LEXICON N_TĪE contains tīe:tīe 15

• LEXICON N_TĪE-PL contains tīe:tīe 15

• LEXICON N_BRĪ contains brī:brī 16

• LEXICON N_TEI contains tei:tei 17

• LEXICON N_KUŖĒ contains kuŗē:kuʼŗŗē 18

• LEXICON N_KALĀ contains kalā:kaʼlā 18

• LEXICON N_KALĀ-SG contains kalā:kaʼlā 18

• LEXICON N_KALĀ-PL contains kalā:kaʼlā 18

• LEXICON N_IRĒ contains irē:iʼr 18

• LEXICON N_TUBĀ tubā:tuʼbā 19

• LEXICON N_TUBĀ-SG tubā:tuʼbā 19

• LEXICON N_TUBĀ-PL tubā:tuʼbā 19

• LEXICON N_AMĀ amā:aʼm 19a

• LEXICON N_AMĀ-SG amā:aʼm 19a

• LEXICON N_AMĀ-PL amā:aʼm 19a

• LEXICON N_AIGĀ aigā:aigā 20

• LEXICON N_LĒBA lēba:leiba 21

• LEXICON N_KŪJA kūja:lēba 21

• LEXICON N_PŪOGA pūoga:pūoga 22

• LEXICON N_LǬJA lǭja:lǭja 23

• LEXICON N_LǬJA-SG lǭja:lǭja 23

• LEXICON N_LǬJA-PL lǭja:lǭja 23

• LEXICON N_PǞVA pǟva:pǟva 24

• LEXICON N_PǞVA-PL pǟva:pǟva 24

• LEXICON N_IZĀ izā:izā 25

• LEXICON N_PIEZĀ piezā:pieʼzzā 25

• LEXICON N_AŽĀ ažā:aʼžā 26

• LEXICON N_AŽĀ-SG ažā:aʼžžā 26

• LEXICON N_AŽĀ-PL ažā:aʼžžā 26

• LEXICON N_ĀĻDŽA āļdža:āļdža 27

• LEXICON N_ĀĻDŽA-SG āļdža:āļdža 27

• LEXICON N_ĀĻDŽA-PL āļdža:āļdža 27

• LEXICON N_SUKĀ sukā:sukā 28

• LEXICON N_LIEPĀ liepā:liepā 29

• LEXICON N_OKSĀ oksā:oksā 30

• LEXICON N_VȰNTSA vȱntsa:vȱntsa 31

• LEXICON N_LIESTĀ liestā:liestā 32

• LEXICON N_ĀIGA āiga:āiga 33

• LEXICON N_LĀNGA lānga:lānga 33

• LEXICON N_SĪLMA sīlma:sīlma 34

• LEXICON N_SĪLMA-PL sīlma:sīlma 34

• LEXICON N_KǞNGA kǟnga:kǟnga 35

• LEXICON N_ĀINA āina:āina 36

• LEXICON N_ĀINA-SG āina:āina 36

• LEXICON N_ĀINA-PL āina:āina 36

• LEXICON N_VĒNA vēna:vēna 37

• LEXICON N_RŌDA rōda:rōda 38

• LEXICON N_RŌDA-PL rōda:rōda 38

• LEXICON N_PADĀ padā:padā 39

• LEXICON N_PADĀ-SG padā:padā 39

• LEXICON N_PADĀ-PL padā:padā 39

• LEXICON N_SÕBRĀ sõbrā:sõbrā 40

• LEXICON N_SÕBRĀ-SG sõbrā:sõbrā 40

• LEXICON N_SÕBRĀ-PL sõbrā:sõbrā 40

• LEXICON N_KÄPĀ käpā:käpā 41

• LEXICON N_KÄPĀ-SG käpā:käpā 41

• LEXICON N_KÄPĀ-PL käpā:käpā 41

• LEXICON N_MAKSĀ maksā:maksā 42

• LEXICON N_KĒRA kēra:kēra 43

• LEXICON N_JǬRA jǭra:jǭra 44

• LEXICON N_PŪOLA pūola:pūola 45

• LEXICON N_ĀITA āita:āita 46

• LEXICON N_ĀITA-PL āita:āita 46

• LEXICON N_ŪŠKA ūška:ūška 47

• LEXICON N_MȬKA mȭka:mȭka 48

• LEXICON N_DADŽĀ dadžā:daʼdžā 49
• LEXICON N_DADŽĀ-SG dadžā:daʼdžā 49

• LEXICON N_DADŽĀ-PL dadžā:daʼdžā 49

• LEXICON N_SUŠĀ sušā:sušā 50

• LEXICON N_KUPŠĀ kupšā:kupšā 51

• LEXICON N_TŠŪRTŠA tšūrtša:tšūrtša 52

• LEXICON N_SĒMḐA sēmḑa:sēmḑa 53

• LEXICON N_TĪERA tīera:tīera 54

• LEXICON N_KRǬIPA krǭipa:krǭipa 55

• LEXICON N_LILLA kuțā:kuțā 57

• LEXICON N_KAFFE kuțā:kuțā 57

• LEXICON N_KUȚĀ kuțā:kuțā 57

• LEXICON N_NĒTŠA nētša:nētša 58

• LEXICON N_KIʼV kiʼv:kiv 59

• LEXICON N_KUOʼIG kuoʼig:kuoʼig 60

• LEXICON N_KEP kep:kep aʼb 61
• LEXICON N_KEP-SG kep:kep aʼb 61

• LEXICON N_KEP-PL kep:kep aʼb 61

• LEXICON N_KRUȚK : 62

• LEXICON N_KRÄMP : 63

• LEXICON N_PIʼŅ piʼņ:piņ 64
• LEXICON N_PIʼŅ-SG piʼņ:piņ 64

• LEXICON N_PIʼŅ-PL piʼņ:piņ 64

• LEXICON N_KUOȚ : 65

• LEXICON N_KUOȚ-PL : 65

• LEXICON N_VAKȚ : 66

• LEXICON N_REŅ : 67

• LEXICON N_OKŠ : 68

• LEXICON N_KAŠ : 69

• LEXICON N_DUŅTŠ : 70

• LEXICON N_TORĪ : 71

• LEXICON N_VAʼG vaʼg:vag 72

• LEXICON N_VAʼG-PL vaʼg:vag 72

• LEXICON N_KÕʼL kõʼl:kõl 73

• LEXICON N_SUʼG suʼg:sug 74

• LEXICON N_JOʼUG joʼug:joug 75

• LEXICON N_NIʼM niʼm:nim 76

• LEXICON N_NIʼM-PL niʼm:nim 76

• LEXICON N_USK usk: 77

• LEXICON N_VAŠK : 78 vašk:vask

• LEXICON N_TUP tup:tup 79
• LEXICON N_TUP-SG tup:tup 79

• LEXICON N_TUP-PL tup:tup 79

• LEXICON N_BIS bis:bis 79
• LEXICON N_BIS-SG bis:bis 79

• LEXICON N_BIS-PL bis:bis 79

• LEXICON N_MAKS : 80

• LEXICON N_MAKS-PL : 80

• LEXICON N_LUʼM luʼm:lum 81

• LEXICON N_MIEʼR mieʼr:mier 82

• LEXICON N_MEʼR meʼr:mer 83

• LEXICON N_MUʼR muʼr:mur 84

• LEXICON N_KUOʼD kuoʼd:kuod aig 85

• LEXICON N_SUʼŽ suʼž:suž 86

• LEXICON N_KEʼŽ keʼž:kež aim 87

• LEXICON N_VEʼŽ veʼž:veʼž 88

• LEXICON N_KUʼŽ kuʼž:kuž 89

• LEXICON N_RUZŪ : 90

• LEXICON N_RADIO : 91

• LEXICON N_ANG : 92

• LEXICON N_KOUV : 93

• LEXICON N_KAND : 94 kand:kand
• LEXICON N_KAND-SG : 94

• LEXICON N_KAND-PL : 94

• LEXICON N_KAITS : 94 kaits:kaits
• LEXICON N_KAITS-SG : 94

• LEXICON N_KAITS-PL : 94

• LEXICON N_SERK : 94 serk:serk
• LEXICON N_SERK-SG : 94

• LEXICON N_SERK-PL : 94

• LEXICON N_PȮRT : 95

• LEXICON N_NUŖM : 96 nuŗm:nūrm

• LEXICON N_SUOŖM : 96b suoŗm:sūorm

• LEXICON N_LAINT : 97

• LEXICON N_LOUL : 98

• LEXICON N_UL : 99 ul:ul

• LEXICON N_PAN : 100

• LEXICON N_TÄM täm:tam 101

• LEXICON N_NIŖȚ : 102

• LEXICON N_KUĻ : 103

• LEXICON N_PAŅ : 104

• LEXICON N_DAŅTŠ : 105

• LEXICON N_KOUŠ : 106

• LEXICON N_SPLEIŠ : 107

• LEXICON N_VEIS : 108

• LEXICON N_PȮIS : 109 pȯis:pȯis

• LEXICON N_KIĻG : 110

• LEXICON N_VȮĻG : 111

• LEXICON N_TÄUŽ täuž:täud adres 112 N_SgGen/d-Nom/ž-Par//ta täuž:täud
• LEXICON N_TÄUŽ-SG : 116

• LEXICON N_TÄUŽ-PL : 116

• LEXICON N_VAŖŽ : 113

• LEXICON N_PIERZ : 114

• LEXICON N_VÕRGÕ : 115

• LEXICON N_JÕUGÕ : 116 N_SgPar/VowsLI1/ța-PlPar/VowsRM/idi jõugõ:jõugõ
• LEXICON N_JÕUGÕ-SG : 116

• LEXICON N_JÕUGÕ-PL : 116

• LEXICON N_VȬIDAG : 117

• LEXICON N_SIELDÕ : 118

• LEXICON N_SIELDÕ-PL : 118

• LEXICON N_NǬʼGÕ nǭʼgõ:nǭgõ 119

• LEXICON N_NǬʼGÕ-PL nǭʼgõ:nǭgõ 119

• LEXICON N_AŠŠÕ-PL : 120

• LEXICON N_SOʼV : 122

• LEXICON N_SOʼV-PL : 122

• LEXICON N_KǬJ : 123

• LEXICON N_KǬJ-PL : 123

• LEXICON N_ǬʼJ ǭʼj:ǭj 124

• LEXICON N_IRM : 125

• LEXICON N_IRM-PL : 125

• LEXICON N_KIM : 126
• LEXICON N_KIM-SG : 126

• LEXICON N_KIM-PL : 126

• LEXICON N_PLUS : 126b

• LEXICON N_VȮŅ : 127

• LEXICON N_VAʼIT vaʼit:vait 128

• LEXICON N_VAʼIT-PL vaʼit:vait 128

• LEXICON N_AMĀT : 129

• LEXICON N_AMĀT-PL : 129

• LEXICON N_KULTŪR : 130

• LEXICON N_SAʼGDIT saʼgdit:sagdit 131

• LEXICON N_VIĻȚ : 132

• LEXICON N_VIĻȚ-PL : 132

• LEXICON N_GĒRMAŅ : 132

• LEXICON N_GĒRMAŅ-PL : 132

• LEXICON N_EĻ : 133

• LEXICON N_BLĒʼḐ blēʼḑ:blēʼḑ 134

• LEXICON N_BLĒʼḐ-SG blēʼḑ:blēʼḑ 134

• LEXICON N_BLĒʼḐ-PL blēʼḑ:blēʼḑ 134

• LEXICON N_FAKT : 135

• LEXICON N_FAKT-PL : 135

• LEXICON N_TAS : 136

• LEXICON N_NEITST neitst:neits 137

• LEXICON N_ĀIGAST : 140

• LEXICON N_ĀIGAST-PL : 140

• LEXICON N_ADRES : 140

• LEXICON N_ANALĪZ : 141

• LEXICON N_NĪʼEM nīʼem:nīem 142

• LEXICON N_KĪʼL nīʼem:nīem 142

• LEXICON N_JAĻKŠ : 143

• LEXICON N_JAĻKŠ-PL : 143

• LEXICON N_VIŠ : 144 viš:viš
• LEXICON N_VIŠ-SG : 144

• LEXICON N_VIŠ-PL : 144

• LEXICON N_RŪʼTŠ rūʼtš:rūtš 145

• LEXICON N_RŪʼTŠ-PL rūʼtš:rūtš 145

• LEXICON N_TĒʼḐ tēʼḑ:tēḑ 146

• LEXICON N_LĒʼḐ lēʼḑ:lēḑ 147

• LEXICON N_LĒʼḐ-PL lēʼḑ:lēḑ 147

• LEXICON N_KĪNTŠ : 148

• LEXICON N_KǬŅTŠ : 149

• LEXICON N_LĒŅTŠ : 150

• LEXICON N_LĪEM : 151

• LEXICON N_AʼM aʼm:am 152

• LEXICON N_AZŪM : 153 azūm:aʼzūm
• LEXICON N_AZŪM-SG : 153

• LEXICON N_AZŪM-PL : 153

• LEXICON N_VÕȚĪM võțīm:võțīm 154
• LEXICON N_VÕȚĪM-SG : 154

• LEXICON N_VÕȚĪM-PL : 154

• LEXICON N_KǬŅIM : 155
• LEXICON N_KǬŅIM-SG : 155

• LEXICON N_KǬŅIM-PL : 155

• LEXICON N_ĒTAM : 156
• LEXICON N_ĒTAM-SG : 156

• LEXICON N_ĒTAM-PL : 156

• LEXICON N_SIDĀM : 157

• LEXICON N_SIDĀM-PL : 157

• LEXICON N_TŪOITÕG : 158

• LEXICON N_KǬRAND : 159
• Yaml: armtõb
• LEXICON N_KǬRAND-SG : 159

• LEXICON N_KǬRAND-PL : 159

• LEXICON N_ȬʼDÕG ȭʼdõg:ȭdõg 160

• LEXICON N_TAPTÕD : 161

• LEXICON N_TUOISTÕNZ : 164

• LEXICON N_MĪEZ mīez:m 166

• LEXICON N_ROʼVZ : 167 roʼvz:roʼv
• LEXICON N_ROʼVZ-SG : 167 roʼvz:roʼv

• LEXICON N_ROʼVZ-PL : 167 roʼvz:roʼv

• LEXICON N_NÕTKĀZ : 170

• LEXICON N_RIKĀZ-PL rikāz: 171

• LEXICON N_BIKŠĀZ : 172
• LEXICON N_BIKŠĀZ-SG : 172

• LEXICON N_BIKŠĀZ-PL : 172

• LEXICON N_ĀMBAZ : 173

• LEXICON N_ĀMBAZ-PL : 173

• LEXICON N_PŪŖAZ : 174

• LEXICON N_RĒNAZ : 176

• LEXICON N_RĒNAZ-PL : 176

• LEXICON N_TŌVAZ : 177

• LEXICON N_PŪORAZ pūoraz: 178

• LEXICON N_MÕTKÕZ mõtkõz: 179

• LEXICON N_MÕTKÕZ-PL mõtkõz: 179

• LEXICON N_VȬRÕZ vȭrõz:vȭrõ 180
• LEXICON N_VȬRÕZ-SG vȭrõz:vȭrõ 180

• LEXICON N_VȬRÕZ-PL vȭrõz:vȭrõ 180

• LEXICON N_ARĀGÕZ : 181 arāgõz:arāgõ
• LEXICON N_ARĀGÕZ-SG : 181

• LEXICON N_ARĀGÕZ-PL : 181

• LEXICON N_ÄʼGGÕZ äʼggõz:äggõz 182

• LEXICON N_ÄʼGGÕZ-PL äʼggõz:äggõz 182

• LEXICON N_PŪʼDÕZ pūʼdõz:pūdõz 183

• LEXICON N_PŪʼDÕZ-PL pūʼdõz:pūdõz 183

• LEXICON N_VĪETŠÕZ : 184

• LEXICON N_VĪETŠÕZ-PL : 184

• LEXICON N_LǬʼTŠÕZ lǭʼtšõz:lǭtšõz 185

• LEXICON N_SĒJI : 186

• LEXICON N_AKKIJI akkiji:akkiji 187
• LEXICON N_AKKIJI-SG : 187

• LEXICON N_AKKIJI-PL : 187

• LEXICON N_LĒʼJI lēʼji:lēji 188
• LEXICON N_LĒʼJI-SG lēʼji:lēji 188

• LEXICON N_LĒʼJI-PL lēʼji:lēji 188

• LEXICON N_TUĻĻI : 189

• LEXICON N_LÄʼBḐI läʼbḑi:läbḑi 190

• LEXICON N_NAI : 191

• LEXICON N_AʼIGI aʼigi:aigi 192

• LEXICON N_AʼIGI-PL aʼigi:aigi 192

• LEXICON N_PUʼNNI puʼnni:punni 193

• LEXICON N_PUʼNNI-PL puʼnni:punni 193

• LEXICON N_KAȚKI kațki: 194

• LEXICON N_KUKKI kukki: 195

• LEXICON N_TŪĻI : 199 ~422

• LEXICON N_TŪĻI-PL : 199

• LEXICON N_AʼBLI aʼbli:aʼbli 200 ~567

• LEXICON N_AʼBLI-SG aʼbli:aʼbli 200

• LEXICON N_AʼBLI-PL aʼbli:aʼbli 200

• LEXICON N_SĒMI : 201

• LEXICON N_SĒMI-SG : 201

• LEXICON N_SĒMI-PL : 201

• LEXICON N_LĒʼMI lēʼmi:lēʼmi 202

• LEXICON N_LĒʼMI-SG lēʼmi:lēʼmi 202

• LEXICON N_LĒʼMI-PL lēʼmi:lēʼmi 202

• LEXICON N_ALĪZ : 203
• LEXICON N_ALĪZ-SG : 203

• LEXICON N_ALĪZ-PL : 203

• LEXICON N_NȬŖKÕZ : 204

• LEXICON N_KATŪKS : 205

• LEXICON N_KATŪKS-PL : 205

• LEXICON N_ĀNDÕKS āndõks: 206

• LEXICON N_ĀNDÕKS-PL āndõks: 206

• LEXICON N_KĒRATÕKS kēratõks:kēratõks 207

• LEXICON N_ÄʼBȚÕKS äʼbțõks:äbțõks 208

• LEXICON N_ÄʼBȚÕKS-PL äʼbțõks:äbțõks 208

• LEXICON N_VARĪKŠ : 209

• LEXICON N_UKŠ : 210

• LEXICON N_LÄPŠ läpš:laps 211

• LEXICON N_LÄPŠ-PL läpš:laps 211

• LEXICON N_ROʼVZT-PL roʼvzt:roʼvz 212

• LEXICON N_TUʼĻ : 213

• LEXICON N_TŪĻ : 214

• LEXICON N_KĒĻ kēļ:kēl 215

• LEXICON N_PŪOL : 216 pūol:pūol

• LEXICON N_PŪOL-PL : 216

• LEXICON N_ĪKŠ : 217

• LEXICON N_SĒŅ sēņ:sēn 220

• LEXICON N_JŪŖ jūŗ:jūr 221

• LEXICON N_JŪŖ-PL : 221

• LEXICON N_SŪR : 222

• LEXICON N_SĒR : 223

• LEXICON N_BIRKOV : 224 birkov:birkov
• LEXICON N_BIRKOV-SG : 224 birkov:birkov

• LEXICON N_BIRKOV-PL : 224 birkov:birkov

• LEXICON N_SALĀJ : 225

• LEXICON N_UMĀRZ umārz:umār 226

• LEXICON N_AʼBBÕNZ aʼbbõnz:aʼbbõn 228
• LEXICON N_AʼBBÕNZ-SG aʼbbõnz:aʼbbõn 228

• LEXICON N_AʼBBÕNZ-PL aʼbbõnz:aʼbbõn 228

• LEXICON N_AŅGÕRZ : aņgõrz:aņgõr 229

• LEXICON N_AŅGÕRZ-PL : aņgõrz:aņgõr 229

• LEXICON N_KAʼGGÕRZ kaʼggõrz:kaʼggõr 230

• LEXICON N_PǞGIŅŽ pǟgiņž:pǟgiņ 231

• LEXICON N_VAGĀŖ vagāŗ:vagār 232

• LEXICON N_TIDĀR tidār:tidār 233

• LEXICON N_TIDĀR-PL tidār:tidār 233

• LEXICON N_PĒGAL pēgal:pēgal 234

• LEXICON N_PĒGAL-PL pēgal:pēgal 234

• LEXICON N_APPÕN appõn:appõn 235
• LEXICON N_APPÕN-SG appõn:appõn 235

• LEXICON N_APPÕN-PL appõn:appõn 235

• LEXICON N_ǬʼRÕN ǭʼrõn:ǭrõn 236

• LEXICON N_ǬʼRÕN-PL ǭʼrõn:ǭrõn 236

• LEXICON N_KĪNDÕR kīndõr:kīndõr 237

• LEXICON N_KĪNDÕR-SG kīndõr:kīndõr 237

• LEXICON N_KĪNDÕR-PL kīndõr:kīndõr 237

• LEXICON N_BÄʼZMÕR bäʼzmõr:bäʼzmõr 238
• LEXICON N_BÄʼZMÕR-SG bäʼzmõr:bäʼzmõr 238

• LEXICON N_BÄʼZMÕR-PL bäʼzmõr:bäʼzmõr 238

• LEXICON N_TARĪĻ tarīļ:tarīļ 239

• LEXICON N_TARĪĻ-PL tarīļ:tarīļ 239

• LEXICON N_ĀNKAŖ ānkaŗ:ānkaŗ 240

• LEXICON N_ĀNKAŖ-PL ānkaŗ:ānkaŗ 240

• LEXICON N_VIRPÕĻ virpõļ:virpõļ 241

• LEXICON N_ǬʼBIĻ ǭʼbiļ:ǭbiļ 242

• LEXICON N_ǬʼBIĻ-PL ǭʼbiļ:ǭbiļ 242

• LEXICON N_GOLĀTÕKS golātõks:golātõks 244 found in Liv-est-lat dictionary

Nominal inflection

Inflection lexica

• LEXICON NMN_PŪ pū:pū 12 Stem change: None

13

• Yaml: N-rooq Stem change: None

14 Stem change: Yes Vowel raising ǟ:ē +Pl +Ela/+Ill/+Par Stød: Yes

• LEXICON NMN_TĪE tīe:tīʼe 15 Stem change: Yes Vowel lowering īe:ē +Pl +Ela/+Ill/+Par Stød: Yes
• SG-ILL_zõ ; 2014.12.12 Stød loss problem, should be tīʼezõ

tiēšti

16 Stem change: None

• LEXICON NMN_TEI tei:tei 17 Stem change: Yes Vowel change: ei:ē

• LEXICON NMN_KUŖĒ kuŗē:kuʼŗ 18 kuŗē:kuʼŗ

SG-INE ;

18

• LEXICON NMN_KALĀ kalā:kaʼl Stem change: Yes Consonant lengthening Consonant palatalization Vowel change in 2nd syllable ā:õ/0 Stød: Yes

18a

• LEXICON NMN_IRĒ irē:iʼr Stem change: Yes Consonant lengthening Consonant palatalization Vowel change in 2nd syllable ā:õ/0 Stød: Yes

19

• LEXICON NMN_TUBĀ tubā:tuʼb
• Yaml: A-amaa, N-tubaa Pass: 2014.12.12 Stem change: Yes Vowel change in word-final position a:õ/0 Stød

19a

• LEXICON NMN_AMĀ amā:tuʼb
• Yaml: A-amaa, N-tubaa Pass: 2014.12.12 Stem change: Yes Vowel change in word-final position a:õ/0 Stød

20

• LEXICON NMN_AIGĀ aigā:aʼig

• Yaml: N-aigaa Stem change: Yes vowel in 2nd syllable ā:õ/0 Stød: Yes

• LEXICON NMN_LĒBA lēba:leib 21
• Yaml: N-leeba Passed: 2014.12.12 Stem change: Yes vowel change ei:e Stød: None

21

• LEXICON NMN_KŪJA kūja:leiba No information

22

• LEXICON NMN_PŪOGA pūoga:p Stem change: Yes Vowel change in 1st syllable ūo:ȯi Vowel change in word-final position a:õ/0 Stød: None

23 Stem change: Yes Vowel change in 1st syllable ǭ:a Consonant change ij:j Stød: None

24

• LEXICON NMN_PǞVA pǟva:pǟuva Stem change: Yes Vowel change ǟ:äu Stød: None

• LEXICON NMN_IZĀ izā:iʼz 25 Stem change: yes Vowel loss ā:0 Stød: Yes

25

• LEXICON NMN_PIEZĀ piezā:pieʼzzā Stem change: yes Stød: Yes

Stem change: Yes

• LEXICON NMN_AŽĀ-SG ažā:aʼžžā 26

• LEXICON NMN_AŽĀ-PL ažā:aʼžā 26

Stem change: Yes (Vowel)

• LEXICON NMN_ĀĻDŽA-SG āļdža:āļdža 27

• LEXICON NMN_ĀĻDŽA-PL āļdža:āļdža 27

• LEXICON NMN_SUKĀ sukā:sukkā 28 Stem change: Yes

• LEXICON NMN_SUKĀ-SG sukā:sukkā 28

• LEXICON NMN_SUKĀ-PL sukā:sukkā 28

• LEXICON NMN_LIEPĀ liepā:liep 29 Stem change: Yes consonant length Stød: None

• LEXICON NMN_LIEPĀ-SG liepā:lieppā 29

• LEXICON NMN_LIEPĀ-PL liepā:lieppā 29

• LEXICON NMN_OKSĀ oksā:oksā 30 Stem change: Yes palatalization s:š Stød: None

• LEXICON NMN_OKSĀ-SG oksā:oksā 30

• LEXICON NMN_OKSĀ-PL oksā:oksā 30

• LEXICON NMN_VȰNTSA vȱntsa:vȱntsa 31 Stem change: Yes Vowel length ??Palatalization?? of s:š Stød: None

• LEXICON NMN_VȰNTSA-SG vȱntsa:vȱntsa 31

• LEXICON NMN_VȰNTSA-PL vȱntsa:vȱntsa 31

• LEXICON NMN_LIESTĀ liestā:liestā 32 Stem change: Yes Diphthong straightening ??Palatalization?? of s:š Stød: None

• LEXICON NMN_LIESTĀ-SG liestā:liestā 32

• LEXICON NMN_LIESTĀ-PL liestā:liestā 32

33

• LEXICON NMN_ĀIGA āiga:āig Stem change: Yes Vowel length in first syllable Stød: None

33b LĀNGA Stem change: Yes (Vowel) Stød: None

34

• LEXICON NMN_SĪLMA sīlma:sīlma Stem change: Yes (Vowel) Stød: None

35

• LEXICON NMN_KǞNGA kǟnga:kǟnga 35
• Yaml: N-aeaerga, N-aeaerga Stem change: Yes

• LEXICON NMN_KǞNGA-SG kǟnga:kǟnga 35

• LEXICON NMN_KǞNGA-PL kǟnga:kǟnga 35

• Yaml: N-aaina Stem change: Yes (Vowel)

• LEXICON NMN_ĀINA-SG āina:āina 36

• LEXICON NMN_ĀINA-PL āina:āina 36

37

• LEXICON NMN_VĒNA vēna:vēina
• Yaml: N-veena Stem change: Yes (Vowel)

38

• LEXICON NMN_RŌDA rōda:rōuda Stem change: Yes (Vowel)

39, 40, 41, 42

• LEXICON NMN_PADĀ padā:paʼd Stem change: Yes Stød: Yes

40

41

• LEXICON NMN_KÄPĀ käpā:käppā

42

43

44

45

• LEXICON NMN_PŪOLA pūola:pūolla 45

• LEXICON NMN_PŪOLA-SG pūola:pūola 45

• LEXICON NMN_PŪOLA-PL pūola:pūolla 45

46

• LEXICON NMN_ŪŠKA ūška:ūiska 47 Stem change: Yes vowel length Stød: None

• LEXICON NMN_ŪŠKA-SG ūška:ūiska 47

• LEXICON NMN_ŪŠKA-PL ūška:ūiska 47

• LEXICON NMN_MȬKA mȭka:mȭuka 48 Stem change: Yes vowel length Stød: None

• LEXICON NMN_MȬKA-SG mȭka:mȭuka 48

• LEXICON NMN_MȬKA-PL mȭka:mȭuka 48

• LEXICON NMN_DADŽĀ dadžā:daʼdžā 49

• LEXICON NMN_DADŽĀ-SG dadžā:daʼdžā 49

• LEXICON NMN_DADŽĀ-PL dadžā:daʼdžā 49

• LEXICON NMN_SUŠĀ sušā:suššā 50
• LEXICON NMN_SUŠĀ-SG sušā:suššā 50

• LEXICON NMN_SUŠĀ-PL sušā:sušā 50

• LEXICON NMN_KUPŠĀ kupšā:kupšā 51
• LEXICON NMN_KUPŠĀ-SG kupšā:kupšā 51

• LEXICON NMN_KUPŠĀ-PL kupšā:kupšā 51

• LEXICON NMN_TŠŪRTŠA tšūrtša:tšūrtša 52
• LEXICON NMN_TŠŪRTŠA-SG tšūrtša:tšūrtša 52

• LEXICON NMN_TŠŪRTŠA-PL tšūrtša:tšūrtša 52

• LEXICON NMN_SĒMḐA sēmḑa:sēmḑa 53

• LEXICON NMN_SĒMḐA-SG sēmḑa:sēmḑa 53

• LEXICON NMN_SĒMḐA-PL sēmḑa:sēmḑa 53

• LEXICON NMN_TĪERA tīera:tīerra 54 Stem change: Yes Stød: None Sg Nom=Gen: Yes

• LEXICON NMN_TĪERA-SG tīera:tīer 54

• LEXICON NMN_TĪERA-PL tīera:tīer 54

• LEXICON NMN_KRǬIPA krǭipa:krǭipa 55

• LEXICON NMN_KRǬIPA-SG krǭipa:krǭipa 55

• LEXICON NMN_KRǬIPA-PL krǭipa:krǭipa 55

• LEXICON NMN_LILLA lilla:lilla 56

• LEXICON NMN_LILLA-SG lilla:lilla 56

• LEXICON NMN_LILLA-PL lilla:lilla 56

• LEXICON NMN_KAFFE kaffe:kaffe 56

• LEXICON NMN_KAFFE-SG kaffe:kaffe 56

• LEXICON NMN_KAFFE-PL kaffe:kaffe 56b

• LEXICON NMN_KUȚĀ kuțā:kuțā 57
• LEXICON NMN_KUȚĀ-SG kuțā:kuțā 57

• LEXICON NMN_KUȚĀ-PL kuțā:kuțā 57

• LEXICON NMN_NĒTŠA nētša:nētša 58 Stem change Yes final vowel loss Stød: None
• LEXICON NMN_NĒTŠA-SG nētša:nētša 58
• LEXICON NMN_NĒTŠA-PL nētša:nētša 58

59 kiv:kiʼvv

60

• LEXICON NMN_KEP-SG kep:kepp aʼb 61

• LEXICON NMN_KEP-PL kep:kep aʼb 61

• LEXICON NMN_KRUȚK : 62
• LEXICON NMN_KRUȚK-SG : 62

• LEXICON NMN_KRUȚK-PL : 62

• LEXICON NMN_KRÄMP : 63 krämp:krǟmp
• LEXICON NMN_KRÄMP-SG : 63

• LEXICON NMN_KRÄMP-PL : 63

• LEXICON NMN_PIʼŅ piʼņ:piņņ 64

• LEXICON NMN_PIʼŅ-SG piʼņ:piņņ 64

• LEXICON NMN_PIʼŅ-PL piņ:piʼņņ 64

• LEXICON NMN_KUOȚ : 65
• LEXICON NMN_KUOȚ-SG : 65

• LEXICON NMN_KUOȚ-PL : 65

• LEXICON NMN_VAKȚ : 66
• LEXICON NMN_VAKȚ-SG : 66

• LEXICON NMN_VAKȚ-PL : 66

• LEXICON NMN_REŅ : 67
• LEXICON NMN_REŅ-SG : 67

• LEXICON NMN_REŅ-PL : 67

• LEXICON NMN_OKŠ : 68
• LEXICON NMN_OKŠ-SG : 68

• LEXICON NMN_OKŠ-PL : 68

• LEXICON NMN_KAŠ : 69

• LEXICON NMN_KAŠ-SG : 69

• LEXICON NMN_KAŠ-PL : 69 kaš:kaš stem left alone

• LEXICON NMN_DUŅTŠ : 70
• LEXICON NMN_DUŅTŠ-SG : 70 duņtš:dūņtš

• LEXICON NMN_DUŅTŠ-PL : 70

• LEXICON NMN_TORĪ : 71
• LEXICON NMN_TORĪ-SG : 71

• LEXICON NMN_TORĪ-PL : 71

• LEXICON NMN_VAʼG vag:vaʼg 72
• LEXICON NMN_VAʼG-SG vag:vaʼg 72

• LEXICON NMN_VAʼG-PL vaʼg:vag 72

• LEXICON NMN_KÕʼL kõl:kõʼl 73
• LEXICON NMN_KÕʼL-SG kõʼl:kõʼl 73

• LEXICON NMN_KÕʼL-PL kõʼl:kõʼl 73

• LEXICON NMN_SUʼG suʼg:suʼg 74

• LEXICON NMN_SUʼG-SG suʼg:suʼg 74

• LEXICON NMN_SUʼG-PL suʼg:suʼg 74

• LEXICON NMN_JOʼUG joʼug:joʼug 75
• LEXICON NMN_JOʼUG-SG joʼug:joʼug 75
• LEXICON NMN_JOʼUG-PL joʼug:joug 75

76

• LEXICON NMN_USK usk: 77
• LEXICON NMN_USK-SG usk: 77

• LEXICON NMN_USK-PL usk: 77

• LEXICON NMN_VAŠK : 78 vašk:vask
• LEXICON NMN_VAŠK-SG : 78

• LEXICON NMN_VAŠK-PL : 78

• LEXICON NMN_TUP tup:tup 79

• LEXICON NMN_TUP-SG tup:tup 79

• LEXICON NMN_TUP-PL tup:tup 79

• LEXICON NMN_BIS bis:bis 79

• LEXICON NMN_BIS-SG bis:bis 79

• LEXICON NMN_BIS-PL bis:bis 79

• LEXICON NMN_MAKS : 80

• LEXICON NMN_MAKS-SG : 80

• LEXICON NMN_MAKS-PL : 80

• LEXICON NMN_LUʼM luʼm:lum 81

• LEXICON NMN_LUʼM-SG lum:luʼm 81

• LEXICON NMN_LUʼM-PL lum:luʼm 81

• LEXICON NMN_MIEʼR mieʼr:mīeʼr 82

• LEXICON NMN_MIEʼR-SG mieʼr:mieʼr 82

• LEXICON NMN_MIEʼR-PL mier:mīeʼr 82

• LEXICON NMN_MEʼR mer:mīeʼr 83

• LEXICON NMN_MEʼR-SG meʼr:mer 83

• LEXICON NMN_MEʼR-PL mer:mīeʼr 83

• LEXICON NMN_MUʼR muʼr:mur 84

• LEXICON NMN_MUʼR-SG muʼr:mur 84

• LEXICON NMN_MUʼR-PL mur:muʼr 84

• LEXICON NMN_KUOʼD kuoʼd:kuod aig 85

• LEXICON NMN_KUOʼD-SG kuoʼd:kuod aig 85

• LEXICON NMN_KUOʼD-PL kuoʼd:kuoʼd aig 85

• LEXICON NMN_SUʼŽ suž:suʼd 86

• LEXICON NMN_SUʼŽ-SG suž:suʼd 86

• LEXICON NMN_SUʼŽ-PL suʼž:suž 86

• LEXICON NMN_KEʼŽ kež:käʼd aim 87

• LEXICON NMN_KEʼŽ-SG kež:käʼd aim 87

• LEXICON NMN_KEʼŽ-PL keʼž:käʼd aim 87

• LEXICON NMN_VEʼŽ veʼž:vieʼd 88

• LEXICON NMN_VEʼŽ-SG veʼž:vieʼd 88

• LEXICON NMN_VEʼŽ-PL veʼž:veʼd 88

• LEXICON NMN_KUʼŽ kuʼž:kuž 89
• LEXICON NMN_KUʼŽ-SG kuʼž:kuž 89

• LEXICON NMN_KUʼŽ-PL kuʼž:kuž 89

• LEXICON NMN_RUZŪ : 90

• LEXICON NMN_RUZŪ-SG : 90

• LEXICON NMN_RUZŪ-PL : 90

• LEXICON NMN_RADIO : 91

• LEXICON NMN_RADIO-SG : 91

• LEXICON NMN_RADIO-PL : 91

• LEXICON NMN_ANG : 92
• LEXICON NMN_ANG-SG : 92 ang:āng

• LEXICON NMN_ANG-PL : 92

• LEXICON NMN_KOUV : 93
• LEXICON NMN_KOUV-SG : 93

• LEXICON NMN_KOUV-PL : 93

• LEXICON NMN_KAITS : 94
• LEXICON NMN_KAITS-SG : 94

• LEXICON NMN_KAITS-PL : 94

• LEXICON NMN_SERK : 94
• LEXICON NMN_SERK-SG : 94

• LEXICON NMN_SERK-PL : 94

• LEXICON NMN_KAND : 94
• LEXICON NMN_KAND-SG : 94

• LEXICON NMN_KAND-PL : 94

• LEXICON NMN_PȮRT : 95
• LEXICON NMN_PȮRT-SG : 95

• LEXICON NMN_PȮRT-PL : 95

• LEXICON NMN_NUŖM : 96 nuŗm:nūrm
• LEXICON NMN_NUŖM-SG : 96

• LEXICON NMN_NUŖM-PL : 96

• LEXICON NMN_SUOŖM : 96b
• LEXICON NMN_SUOŖM-SG : 96b

• LEXICON NMN_SUOŖM-PL : 96b

• LEXICON NMN_LAINT : 97
• LEXICON NMN_LAINT-SG : 97

• LEXICON NMN_LAINT-PL : 97

• LEXICON NMN_LOUL : 98
• LEXICON NMN_LOUL-SG : 98

• LEXICON NMN_LOUL-PL : 98

• LEXICON NMN_UL : 99 ul:ul
• LEXICON NMN_UL-SG : 99

• LEXICON NMN_UL-PL : 99

• LEXICON NMN_PAN : 100
• LEXICON NMN_PAN-SG : 100
• LEXICON NMN_PAN-PL : 100

102

• LEXICON NMN_NIŖȚ : 102 niŗț:nīŗț First-syllable Vowel lengthening in Pl Stød: None
• LEXICON NMN_NIŖȚ-SG : 102

• LEXICON NMN_NIŖȚ-PL : 102

• LEXICON NMN_KUĻ : 103 kuļ:kūļ
• LEXICON NMN_KUĻ-SG : 103

• LEXICON NMN_KUĻ-PL : 103

• LEXICON NMN_PAŅ : 104

• LEXICON NMN_PAŅ-SG : 104

• LEXICON NMN_PAŅ-PL : 104

• LEXICON NMN_DAŅTŠ : 105

• LEXICON NMN_DAŅTŠ-SG : 105

• LEXICON NMN_DAŅTŠ-PL : 105

• LEXICON NMN_KOUŠ : 106 kouš:kōuš
• LEXICON NMN_KOUŠ-SG : 106

• LEXICON NMN_KOUŠ-PL : 106

• LEXICON NMN_SPLEIŠ : 107
• LEXICON NMN_SPLEIŠ-SG : 107

• LEXICON NMN_SPLEIŠ-PL : 107

• LEXICON NMN_VEIS : 108

• LEXICON NMN_VEIS-SG : 108

• LEXICON NMN_VEIS-PL : 108

• LEXICON NMN_PȮIS-SG : 109

• LEXICON NMN_PȮIS-PL : 109

• LEXICON NMN_KIĻG : 110 kiļg:kilg
• LEXICON NMN_KIĻG-SG : 110

• LEXICON NMN_KIĻG-PL : 110

• LEXICON NMN_VȮĻG : 111
• LEXICON NMN_VȮĻG-SG : 111 vȯļg:vȱlg

• LEXICON NMN_VȮĻG-PL : 111

• LEXICON NMN_TÄUŽ täuž: adres 112

• LEXICON NMN_TÄUŽ-SG : 116

• LEXICON NMN_TÄUŽ-PL : 112

• LEXICON NMN_VAŖŽ : 113 varž:vārd
• LEXICON NMN_VAŖŽ-SG : 113

• LEXICON NMN_VAŖŽ-PL : 113

• LEXICON NMN_PIERZ : 114 pierz:pīerz
• LEXICON NMN_PIERZ-SG : 114

• LEXICON NMN_PIERZ-PL : 114

• LEXICON NMN_VÕRGÕ : 115
• LEXICON NMN_VÕRGÕ-SG : 115 võrgõ:vȭrgõ

• LEXICON NMN_VÕRGÕ-PL : 115

• LEXICON NMN_JÕUGÕ-SG : 116 jõugõ:jȭugõ

• LEXICON NMN_JÕUGÕ-PL : 116

• LEXICON NMN_VȬIDAG : 117

• LEXICON NMN_VȬIDAG-SG : 117

• LEXICON NMN_VȬIDAG-PL : 117

• LEXICON NMN_SIELDÕ : 118

• LEXICON NMN_SIELDÕ-SG : 118

• LEXICON NMN_SIELDÕ-PL : 118

• LEXICON NMN_NǬʼGÕ nǭʼgõ:nǭgõ 119

• LEXICON NMN_NǬʼGÕ-SG nǭʼgõ:nǭgõ 119

• LEXICON NMN_NǬʼGÕ-PL nǭʼgõ:nǭgõ 119

• LEXICON NMN_AŠŠÕ : 120

• LEXICON NMN_AŠŠÕ-SG : 120

• LEXICON NMN_AŠŠÕ-PL : 120

• LEXICON NMN_DRŪʼOŠÕ drūʼošõ:drūošõ 121

• LEXICON NMN_DRŪʼOŠÕ-SG drūʼošõ:drūošõ 121

• LEXICON NMN_DRŪʼOŠÕ-PL drūʼošõ:drūošõ 121

• LEXICON NMN_SOʼV : 122 kaj:kaʼj

• LEXICON NMN_SOʼV-SG : 122

• LEXICON NMN_SOʼV-PL : 122

• LEXICON NMN_KǬJ : 123

• LEXICON NMN_KǬJ-SG : 123

• LEXICON NMN_KǬJ-PL : 123

• LEXICON NMN_ǬʼJ ǭʼj:ǭj 124

• LEXICON NMN_ǬʼJ-SG ǭʼj:ǭj 124

• LEXICON NMN_ǬʼJ-PL ǭʼj:ǭj 124

125, 126, 128

126

126b

• LEXICON NMN_VȮŅ : 127

• LEXICON NMN_VȮŅ-SG : 127

• LEXICON NMN_VȮŅ-PL : 127

• LEXICON NMN_VAʼIT vaʼit:vait 128

• LEXICON NMN_VAʼIT-SG vaʼit:vait 128

• LEXICON NMN_VAʼIT-PL vaʼit:vait 128

129, 130, 131

• LEXICON NMN_KULTŪR : 130

• LEXICON NMN_KULTŪR-SG : 130

• LEXICON NMN_KULTŪR-PL : 130

• LEXICON NMN_SAʼGDIT saʼgdit:sagdit 131

• LEXICON NMN_SAʼGDIT-SG saʼgdit:sagdit 131

• LEXICON NMN_SAʼGDIT-PL saʼgdit:sagdit 131

132

• LEXICON NMN_VIĻȚ : 132

• LEXICON NMN_VIĻȚ-SG : 132

• LEXICON NMN_VIĻȚ-PL : 132

• LEXICON NMN_GĒRMAŅ : 132

• LEXICON NMN_GĒRMAŅ-SG : 132

• LEXICON NMN_GĒRMAŅ-PL : 132

• LEXICON NMN_EĻ : 133

• LEXICON NMN_EĻ-SG : 133

• LEXICON NMN_EĻ-PL : 133

• LEXICON NMN_BLĒʼḐ blēʼḑ:blēʼḑ 134

• LEXICON NMN_BLĒʼḐ-SG blēʼḑ:blēʼḑ 134

• LEXICON NMN_BLĒʼḐ-PL blēʼḑ:blēʼḑ 134

135

• LEXICON NMN_TAS : 136

• LEXICON NMN_TAS-SG : 136

• LEXICON NMN_TAS-PL : 136

• LEXICON NMN_NEITST neitst:neits 137
• LEXICON NMN_NEITST-SG neitst:neits 137

• LEXICON NMN_NEITST-PL neitst:neits 137

• LEXICON NMN_SĪEND sīend:sīen 138 Stem change: No Stød: None Sg Nom=Gen: No

• LEXICON NMN_SĪEND-SG : 138

• LEXICON NMN_SĪEND-PL : 138

• LEXICON NMN_LǞʼND lǟʼnd:lǟnd 139
• LEXICON NMN_LǞʼND-SG lǟʼnd:lǟnd 139
• LEXICON NMN_LǞʼND-PL lǟʼnd:lǟnd 139

140, 141, 142 241

241 was ĀIGAST

141 87

• Yaml: N-analiiz analīz+N+Sg+Ela => analīzõst Change in stem: None +Sg+Ela preceded by -õ- consonant-final stem, long vowel in ultimate syllable belongs elsewhere N-kalendaar kalendār+N+Sg+Ela => kalendārst

142

142

143, 144, 145

• LEXICON NMN_VIŠ : 144 viš:viš

• LEXICON NMN_VIŠ-SG : 144

• LEXICON NMN_VIŠ-PL : 144

145

• LEXICON NMN_TĒʼḐ tēʼḑ:tǟʼd 146
• LEXICON NMN_TĒʼḐ-SG tēʼḑ:tǟʼd 146

• LEXICON NMN_TĒʼḐ-PL tēʼḑ:tēḑ 146

• LEXICON NMN_LĒʼḐ lēʼḑ:līʼed 147 Hom3
• LEXICON NMN_LĒʼḐ-SG lēʼḑ:līʼed 147

• LEXICON NMN_LĒʼḐ-PL lēʼḑ:līʼed 147

• āigalē’ḑ # examples:*

• āigalē’ḑ+N+Sg+Nom examples:*

• āigalē’ḑ+N+Sg+Gen examples:*

• āigalē’ḑ+N+Sg+Dat examples:*

• āigalē’ḑ+N+Sg+Par examples:*

• āigalē’ḑ+N+Sg+Ins examples:*

• āigalē’ḑ+N+Sg+Ill examples:*

• āigalē’ḑ+N+Sg+Ine examples:*

• āigalē’ḑ+N+Sg+Ela examples:*

• āigalē’ḑ+N+Pl+Nom examples:*

• āigalē’ḑ+N+Pl+Gen examples:*

• āigalē’ḑ+N+Pl+Dat examples:*

• āigalē’ḑ+N+Pl+Par examples:*

• āigalē’ḑ+N+Pl+Ins examples:*

• āigalē’ḑ+N+Pl+Ill examples:*

• āigalē’ḑ+N+Pl+Ine examples:*

• āigalē’ḑ+N+Pl+Ela examples:*

• LEXICON NMN_KĪNTŠ : 148

• LEXICON NMN_KĪNTŠ-SG : 148 kīntš:kīn

• LEXICON NMN_KĪNTŠ-PL : 148

• LEXICON NMN_KǬŅTŠ : 149 kǭņtš:kǭn
• LEXICON NMN_KǬŅTŠ-SG : 149

• LEXICON NMN_KǬŅTŠ-PL : 149

• LEXICON NMN_LĒŅTŠ : 150 lēņtš:lǟn
• LEXICON NMN_LĒŅTŠ-SG : 150

• LEXICON NMN_LĒŅTŠ-PL : 150

• LEXICON NMN_LĪEM : 151
• LEXICON NMN_LĪEM-SG : 151

• LEXICON NMN_LĪEM-PL : 151

• LEXICON NMN_AʼM aʼm:aʼm 152

• LEXICON NMN_AʼM-SG aʼm:aʼm 152

• LEXICON NMN_AʼM-PL aʼm:aʼm 152

• LEXICON NMN_AZŪM-SG : 153

• LEXICON NMN_AZŪM-PL : 153

• LEXICON NMN_VÕȚĪM-SG : 154

• LEXICON NMN_VÕȚĪM-PL : 154

• LEXICON NMN_KǬŅIM-SG : 155 kōņim:kǭņim

• LEXICON NMN_KǬŅIM-PL : 155

• LEXICON NMN_ĒTAM : 156 ētam:ēitam

• LEXICON NMN_ĒTAM-SG : 156

• LEXICON NMN_ĒTAM-PL : 156

• LEXICON NMN_SIDĀM : 157

• LEXICON NMN_SIDĀM-PL : 157

158

159

• Yaml: armtõb, N-aandam, N-akaatwb 221

160 72

• LEXICON NMN_TAPTÕD taptõd:taptõ 161

• LEXICON NMN_TAPTÕD-SG : 161

• LEXICON NMN_TAPTÕD-PL : 161

• LEXICON NMN_TĪʼEDÕD tīʼedõd:tīedõd 162
• LEXICON NMN_TĪʼEDÕD-SG tīʼedõd:tīedõd 162

• LEXICON NMN_TĪʼEDÕD-PL tīʼedõd:tīedõd 162

• LEXICON NMN_VĪDÕZ : 163

• LEXICON NMN_VĪDÕZ-SG vīdõz: 162

• LEXICON NMN_VĪDÕZ-PL vīdõz: 162
• :%^ConsRMnd PL-ELA/INE_ist ; not same as 2012

• :%^ConsRMnd PL-PAR_idi ; not same as 2012

• LEXICON NMN_TUOISTÕNZ : 164 tuoistõnz:tuoistõnz

• LEXICON NMN_TUOISTÕNZ-SG : 164

• LEXICON NMN_TUOISTÕNZ-PL : 164

• :%^ConsRMd PL-ELA/INE_ist ; not same as 2012

• LEXICON NMN_ĪʼDÕKSMÕZ īʼdõksmõz:īʼdõksmõz 165

• LEXICON NMN_ĪʼDÕKSMÕZ-SG īʼdõksmõz:īdõksmõz 165

• LEXICON NMN_ĪʼDÕKSMÕZ-PL īʼdõksmõz:īdõksmõz 165

• LEXICON NMN_MĪEZ : 166

• LEXICON NMN_MĪEZ-SG mīez:m 166

• LEXICON NMN_MĪEZ-PL : 166
• :%^ĪE2Ē%^ConsRM PL-ELA/INE_šti ;

• :%^ĪE2Ē%^ConsRM PL-PAR_ḑi ;

• LEXICON NMN_ROʼVZ-SG : 167

• LEXICON NMN_ROʼVZ-PL : 167

• LEXICON NMN_KÄBRĀZ : 168 käbrāz:käʼbrāz

• LEXICON NMN_KÄBRĀZ-SG : 168

• LEXICON NMN_KÄBRĀZ-PL : 168
• :%^StodRM%^VowsRM%^ConsRM PL-ELA/INE_īst ; not same as 2012

• :%^StodRM%^VowsRM%^ConsRM PL-PAR_īdi ; not same as 2012

• LEXICON NMN_MAIGĀZ : 169 maigāz:maʼigāz
• Yaml: A-maigaaz

• LEXICON NMN_MAIGĀZ-SG : 169

• LEXICON NMN_MAIGĀZ-PL : 169
• :%^StodRM%^VowsRM%^ConsRM PL-ELA/INE_īst ; not same as 2012

• :%^StodRM%^VowsRM%^ConsRM PL-PAR_īdi ; not same as 2012

• LEXICON NMN_NÕTKĀZ : 170 nõtkāz:nõtkāz

• LEXICON NMN_NÕTKĀZ-SG : 170

• LEXICON NMN_NÕTKĀZ-PL : 170

• LEXICON NMN_RIKĀZ rikāz:rik 171 Stem change: Yes Stød: None Sg Nom=Gen: No

• LEXICON NMN_RIKĀZ-SG rikāz:rik 171

• LEXICON NMN_RIKĀZ-PL rikāz: 171

• LEXICON NMN_BIKŠĀZ-SG : 172 bikšāz:bikšāz

• LEXICON NMN_BIKŠĀZ-PL : 172

• LEXICON NMN_ĀMBAZ : 173 āmbaz:āmbaz

• LEXICON NMN_ĀMBAZ-PL : 173

• LEXICON NMN_PŪŖAZ : 174 pūŗaz:pūŗŗaz

• LEXICON NMN_PŪŖAZ-SG : 174

• LEXICON NMN_PŪŖAZ-PL : 174

• LEXICON NMN_PǬĻAZ : 175 pǭļaz:pǭļļaz Stød: None Sg Nom=Gen: No

• LEXICON NMN_PǬĻAZ-SG : 175

• LEXICON NMN_PǬĻAZ-PL : 175

• LEXICON NMN_RĒNAZ : 176 rēnaz:rēinaz

• LEXICON NMN_RĒNAZ-SG : 176

• LEXICON NMN_RĒNAZ-PL : 176

• LEXICON NMN_TŌVAZ : 177 tōvaz:tōva

• LEXICON NMN_TŌVAZ-SG : 177

• LEXICON NMN_TŌVAZ-PL : 177

• LEXICON NMN_PŪORAZ pūoraz:pūora 178

• LEXICON NMN_PŪORAZ-SG pūoraz: 178

• LEXICON NMN_PŪORAZ-PL pūoraz: 178

179

• LEXICON NMN_VȬRÕZ vȭrõz:vȭrõ 180 Sg Nom=Gen: No

181

182

183

• LEXICON NMN_PŪʼDÕZ pūʼdõz:pūʼdõz Stød: Yes Sg Nom=Gen: No

184

• LEXICON NMN_VĪETŠÕZ : 184

• LEXICON NMN_LǬʼTŠÕZ lǭʼtšõz:lǭtšõz 185

• LEXICON NMN_SĒJI : 186 Stem change: None

• LEXICON NMN_SĒJI-SG : 186

• LEXICON NMN_SĒJI-PL : 186

• LEXICON NMN_AKKIJI : 187 123
• Yaml: N-akkiji Stem change: None

• LEXICON NMN_AKKIJI-SG : 187

• LEXICON NMN_AKKIJI-PL : 187

• LEXICON NMN_LĒʼJI lēʼji:lēʼji 188 61
• Yaml: A-aeqbtiji, leeqji

• LEXICON NMN_LĒʼJI-SG : 188 äʼbțiji:äʼbțiji

• LEXICON NMN_LĒʼJI-PL : 188

• LEXICON NMN_TUĻĻI : 189 is this a noun no ʼ

• LEXICON NMN_TUĻĻI-SG : 188

• LEXICON NMN_TUĻĻI-PL : 188

• LEXICON NMN_LÄʼBḐI läbḑi:läʼbḑi 190

• LEXICON NMN_LÄʼBḐI-SG : 188

• LEXICON NMN_LÄʼBḐI-PL : 188

• LEXICON NMN_NAI : 191 nai:nai Vowel length Sg Nom=Gen: No Stød: None

• LEXICON NMN_NAI-SG : 188

• LEXICON NMN_NAI-PL : 188

192

aʼigi:aʼigi

• LEXICON NMN_PUʼNNI puʼnni:puʼnni 193 tuļļi:tuʼļļi 127 Stød: Yes Sg Nom=Gen: No

• LEXICON NMN_PUʼNNI-SG puʼnni:puʼn 193

• LEXICON NMN_PUʼNNI-PL puʼnni:punni 193

• LEXICON NMN_KAȚKI kațki: 194 12
• LEXICON NMN_KAȚKI-SG kațki: 194

• LEXICON NMN_KAȚKI-PL kațki: 194

• LEXICON NMN_KUKKI kukki: 195 33

• LEXICON NMN_KUKKI-SG kukki: 195

• LEXICON NMN_KUKKI-PL kukki: 195

• LEXICON NMN_AIGI aigi:aigi 196 16 Stem change: Yes (vowel length in 1st syllable)

• LEXICON NMN_AIGI-SG aigi:āigi 196

• LEXICON NMN_AIGI-PL aigi:aigi 196

• LEXICON NMN_OUKI : 197

• LEXICON NMN_OUKI-SG : 197 ouki:ōuki

• LEXICON NMN_OUKI-PL : 197

• LEXICON NMN_PAŖĪ : 198 paŗī:paŗŗī

• LEXICON NMN_PAŖĪ-SG : 198

• LEXICON NMN_PAŖĪ-PL : 198
• :%^CC2Cž PL-PAR_i ; paŗrīži ?

199

• LEXICON NMN_AʼBLI aʼbli:aʼbli 200 567

• Yaml: aainagi Stem change: None

• LEXICON NMN_AʼBLI-SG aʼbli:aʼbli 200

• LEXICON NMN_AʼBLI-PL aʼbli:aʼbli 200

• LEXICON NMN_SĒMI : 201
• Yaml: A-ooqgi
• LEXICON NMN_SĒMI-SG : 201

• LEXICON NMN_SĒMI-PL : 201

• LEXICON NMN_LĒʼMI lēʼmi:lēʼmi 202

• Yaml: A-aqrlimi

• LEXICON NMN_LĒʼMI-SG lēʼmi:lēʼmi 202

• LEXICON NMN_LĒʼMI-PL lēʼmi:lēmi 202

• LEXICON NMN_ALĪZ : 203
• Yaml: N-aliiz

• LEXICON NMN_ALĪZ-SG : 203

• LEXICON NMN_ALĪZ-PL : 203

• LEXICON NMN_NȬŖKÕZ : 204
• Yaml: N-nwwrkwz
• LEXICON NMN_NȬŖKÕZ-SG : 204

• LEXICON NMN_NȬŖKÕZ-PL : 204

• LEXICON NMN_KATŪKS : 205
• Yaml: N-katuuks
• LEXICON NMN_KATŪKS-PL : 205
• LEXICON NMN_ĀNDÕKS āndõks: 206
• Yaml: N-aandwks
• LEXICON NMN_ĀNDÕKS-PL āndõks: 206
• LEXICON NMN_KĒRATÕKS kēratõks:kēratõks 207

• Yaml: N-keeratwks

• LEXICON NMN_KĒRATÕKS-PL kēratõks:kēratõks 207

• LEXICON NMN_ÄʼBȚÕKS äʼbțõks:äbțõks 208

• Yaml: N-aeqbtwks

• LEXICON NMN_ÄʼBȚÕKS-SG äʼbțõks:äbțõks 208

• LEXICON NMN_ÄʼBȚÕKS-PL äʼbțõks:äbțõks 208

• LEXICON NMN_VARĪKŠ : 209
• Yaml: A-krwbiizh, N-variiksh

• LEXICON NMN_VARĪKŠ-SG : 209

• LEXICON NMN_VARĪKŠ-PL : 209

• LEXICON NMN_UKŠ : 210 ukš:uks
• Yaml: N-uksh
• LEXICON NMN_UKŠ-SG : 210
• LEXICON NMN_UKŠ-PL : 210

211

• Yaml: N-laepsh läpš:laps

• LEXICON NMN_LÄPŠ-PL läpš:laps 211

212

• Yaml: N-rishtiing

• LEXICON NMN_ROʼVZT-PL roʼvzt:roʼvzt 212

• LEXICON NMN_TUʼĻ : 213 tuʼļ:tūʼl
• Yaml: N-tuqlj
• LEXICON NMN_TUʼĻ-SG : 213

• LEXICON NMN_TUʼĻ-PL : 213

• LEXICON NMN_TŪĻ tūļ:tūl 214

• LEXICON NMN_TŪĻ-PL tūļ:tūl 215

• LEXICON NMN_KĒĻ kēļ:kīel 215

• LEXICON NMN_KĒĻ-PL kēļ:kīel 215

• LEXICON NMN_PŪOL : 216

• LEXICON NMN_PŪOL-SG : 216

• LEXICON NMN_PŪOL-PL : 216

• LEXICON NMN_ĪKŠ : 217
• LEXICON NMN_ĪKŠ-SG : 217

• LEXICON NMN_ĪKŠ-PL : 217

• LEXICON NMN_KAKŠ : 218
• LEXICON NMN_KAKŠ-SG : 218

• LEXICON NMN_KAKŠ-PL : 218

• LEXICON NMN_ŪŽ : 219 ūž:ūd
• Yaml: A-uuzh word-final consonant palatalization (ž): Sg_Nom, Pl_Par, Pl_Ill, Pl_Ela

• LEXICON NMN_ŪŽ-SG : 219

• LEXICON NMN_ŪŽ-PL : 219

• LEXICON NMN_SĒŅ sēņ:sēn 220 Sg_Nom = consonant-final 1-syllable word word-final consonant palatalization: Sg_Nom, Pl_Par, Pl_Ill, Pl_Ela Diphthong realized as mid long vowel: Sg_Nom, Pl_Par, Pl_Ill, Pl_Ela

• LEXICON NMN_SĒŅ-PL sēņ:sēn 211

• LEXICON NMN_JŪŖ : jūŗ:jūr 221 Sg_Nom = consonant-final 1-syllable word word-final consonant palatalization: Sg_Nom, Pl_Par, Pl_Ill, Pl_Ela

• LEXICON NMN_JŪŖ-SG jūŗ:jūr 221

• LEXICON NMN_JŪŖ-PL : 221

• PL-INS_DKÕKS-STEM ; jūrd

• LEXICON NMN_SŪR : 222 sūr:sūr

• LEXICON NMN_SŪR-PL sūr:sūr 211

• LEXICON NMN_SĒR : 223
• LEXICON NMN_SĒR-SG : 223 sēr:

• LEXICON NMN_SĒR-PL : 223

• LEXICON NMN_BIRKOV : 224 birkov:birkov
• LEXICON NMN_BIRKOV-SG : 224
• LEXICON NMN_BIRKOV-PL : 224

225

• LEXICON NMN_UMĀRZ 226 umārz:umār

226, 227, 228

• LEXICON NMN_DULLÕNZ dullõnz:dullõn 227

• LEXICON NMN_DULLÕNZ-SG dullõnz:dullõn 227

• LEXICON NMN_DULLÕNZ-PL dullõnz:dullõn 227

• LEXICON NMN_AʼBBÕNZ-SG aʼbbõnz:aʼbbõn 228

• LEXICON NMN_AʼBBÕNZ-PL aʼbbõnz:aʼbbõn 228

• LEXICON NMN_AŅGÕRZ : aņgõrz:aņgõr 229

• LEXICON NMN_AŅGÕRZ-PL : aņgõrz:aņgõr 229

• LEXICON NMN_KAʼGGÕRZ kaʼggõrz:kaʼggõr 230

• LEXICON NMN_PǞGIŅŽ pǟgiņž:pǟgiņ 231

• LEXICON NMN_PǞGIŅŽ-PL pǟgiņž:pǟgiņ 231

• LEXICON NMN_VAGĀŖ vagāŗ:vagār 232

• LEXICON NMN_VAGĀŖ-PL vagāŗ:vagār 232

• LEXICON NMN_KŪOLÕN kūolõn:kūolõn 232

• LEXICON NMN_KŪOLÕN-PL kūolõn:kūolõn 232

233

• LEXICON NMN_PĒGAL pēgal:pēgal 234

• LEXICON NMN_APPÕN appõn:appõn 235

• LEXICON NMN_APPÕN-PL appõn:appõn 235

• LEXICON NMN_ǬʼRÕN ǭʼrõn:ǭrõn 236

• LEXICON NMN_ǬʼRÕN-SG ǭʼrõn:ǭrõn 236

• LEXICON NMN_ǬʼRÕN-PL ǭʼrõn:ǭrõn 236

• LEXICON NMN_KĪNDÕR kīndõr:kīndõr 237

• LEXICON NMN_KĪNDÕR-PL kīndõr:kīndõr 237

• LEXICON NMN_BÄʼZMÕR-SG bäʼzmõr:bäʼzmõr 238

• LEXICON NMN_BÄʼZMÕR-PL bäʼzmõr:bäʼzmõr 238

• LEXICON NMN_TARĪĻ tarīļ:tarīļ 239

• LEXICON NMN_TARĪĻ-PL tarīļ:tarīļ 239

• LEXICON NMN_ĀNKAŖ ānkaŗ:ānkaŗ 240

• LEXICON NMN_ĀNKAŖ-PL ānkaŗ:ānkaŗ 240

• LEXICON NMN_VIRPÕĻ virpõļ:virpõļ 241

• LEXICON NMN_VIRPÕĻ-SG virpõļ:virpõļ 241

• LEXICON NMN_VIRPÕĻ-PL virpõļ:virpõļ 241

• LEXICON NMN_ǬʼBIĻ ǭʼbiļ:ǭbiļ 242

• LEXICON NMN_ǬʼBIĻ-SG ǭʼbiļ:ǭbiļ 242

• LEXICON NMN_ǬʼBIĻ-PL ǭʼbiļ:ǭbiļ 242

SG-DAT ; SG-ELA ; SG-ILL ; SG-INS ; SG-PAR ;

NUMBER AND CASE

above as pair in SG-ELA/INE_st; 2014 jaska

• LEXICON PL-DAT_õn This is peculiar to NMN_PŪOL-PL 216,219

• LEXICON PL-INS_kõks This is peculiar to NMN_PŪOL-PL 216

A trigger for z:ž will be required

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This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/affixes/nouns.lexc

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src-fst-morphology-affixes-pronouns.lexc.md

Prounoun inflection

This file documents affixes/pronouns.lexc, the file on Livonian pronoun inflection

**LEXICON PRON_ = goes to # only.

LEXICON PRON_MIS mis:mi 1

LEXICON PRON_JEGĀ jegā:jeʼgā 2

LEXICON PRON_MŪ mū:m 3

LEXICON PRON_SE se:s 4

LEXICON PRON_TÄMĀ tämā: 5

LEXICON PRON_NE ne:n 4 & 5

LEXICON PRON_MINĀ 6 ma:m

LEXICON PRON_MĒG minā:m 6

LEXICON PRON_SINĀ sinā:0 7

LEXICON PRON_TĒG tēg:t 7

LEXICON PRON_KIS kis:kī 8

LEXICON PRON_ĪʼŽ 9 īʼž:0

LEXICON PRON_MIDĀGÕD midāgõd:midāg 10

LEXICON PRON_MITS 11 mits:mit

LEXICON PRON_SET 11b set:set

Stem lexica LEXICON PRON_TUBĀ tubā:tubā 19

LEXICON PRON_TUBĀ-PL tubā:tubā 19

LEXICON PRON_ĀITA āita:āita 46

LEXICON PRON_ĀIGAST āigast: 140

LEXICON PRON_AZŪM-PL azūm: 153

LEXICON PRON_VĪDÕZ vīdõz: 163

LEXICON PRON_ĪKŠ : 217

---

This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/affixes/pronouns.lexc

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src-fst-morphology-affixes-propernouns.lexc.md

Proper noun inflection

This file documents affixes/propernouns.lexc, the file for inflection of propernouns.

Livonian proper nouns inflect in the same cases as regular nouns, but with a colon (‘:’) as separator.

**LEXICON PROP_ = this lexicon goes to K only

Stem lexica LEXICON PROP_TOP_PŪ contains pū: 12

LEXICON PROP_PŪ contains pū: 12

LEXICON PROP_PŪ-SG contains pū: 12

LEXICON PROP_KALĀ contains kalā:kalā 18

LEXICON PROP_KALĀ-SG contains kalā:kalā 18

LEXICON PROP_IRĒ-SG contains irē:iʼr 18a

LEXICON PROP_TUBĀ tubā:tubā 19

LEXICON PROP_VĒNA vēna:vēna 37

LEXICON PROP_PADĀ padā:padā 39

LEXICON PROP_JǬRA jǭra:jǭra 44

LEXICON PROP_JǬRA-PL jǭra:jǭra 44

LEXICON PROP_ĀITA āita:āita 46

LEXICON PROP_ŪŠKA ūška:ūška 47

LEXICON PROP_DADŽĀ dadžā:dadžā 49

LEXICON PROP_KRǬIPA krǭipa:krǭipa 55

LEXICON PROP_DUŅTŠ : 70

LEXICON PROP_NIʼM niʼm:niʼm 76

LEXICON PROP_NIʼM-PL niʼm:niʼm 76

LEXICON PROP_TUP tup:tup 79

LEXICON PROP_NǬʼGÕ nǭʼgõ:nǭgõ 119

LEXICON PROP_KǬJ : 123

LEXICON PROP_KIM : 126

LEXICON PROP_KIM-SG : 126

LEXICON PROP_VAʼIT vaʼit:vait 128

LEXICON PROP_AMĀT : 129

LEXICON PROP_KULTŪR : 130

LEXICON PROP_VIĻȚ : 132

LEXICON PROP_FAKT fakt:fakt 135

LEXICON PROP_FAKT-SG fakt:fakt 135

LEXICON PROP_ĀIGAST : 140

LEXICON PROP_ANALĪZ : 141

LEXICON PROP_NĪʼEM-SG nīʼem:nīʼem 142

LEXICON PROP_JAĻKŠ : 143

LEXICON PROP_RŪʼTŠ rūʼtš:rūʼtš 145

LEXICON PROP_SIDĀM : 157

LEXICON PROP_TŪOITÕG : 158

LEXICON PROP_TŪOITÕG-SG : 158

LEXICON PROP_KǬRAND : 159

LEXICON PROP_KǬRAND-SG : 159

LEXICON PROP_ȬʼDÕG ȭʼdõg:ȭʼdõg 160

LEXICON PROP_ĀNDÕKS : 206

LEXICON PROP_PŪOL : 216

LEXICON PROP_SŪR : 222

LEXICON PROP_BIRKOV : 224

LEXICON PROP_SALĀJ-SG : 225

LEXICON PROP_TIDĀR tidār:tidār 233

LEXICON PROP_TIDĀR-PL tidār:tidār 233

LEXICON PROP_PĒGAL pēgal:pēgal 234

LEXICON PROP_APPÕN appõn:appõn 235

LEXICON PROP_KĪNDÕR kīndõr:kīndõr 237

---

This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/affixes/propernouns.lexc

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src-fst-morphology-affixes-quantifiers.lexc.md

Quantifier inflection

This file documents the file on Livonian quantifier morphology.

LEXICON QNT_APPÕN : 216

LEXICON QNT_PŪOL : 216

Stem lexica LEXICON NUM_PADĀ padā:padā 39

LEXICON NUM_KĒRA kēra:kēra 43

LEXICON NUM_OKŠ : 68

LEXICON NUM_NǬʼGÕ nǭʼgõ:nǭgõ 119

LEXICON NUM_IRM irm: 125

LEXICON NUM_KIM : 126 kim:kim

LEXICON NUM_FAKT fakt: 135

LEXICON NUM_ĀIGAST āigast: 140

LEXICON NUM_NAI nai: 191

LEXICON NUM_ÄʼBȚÕKS ä’bțõks:äbțõks 208

LEXICON NUM_TŪĻ : 214

LEXICON NUM_ĪKŠ : 217

LEXICON NUM_KAKŠ : 218

LEXICON NUM_ŪŽ : 219

LEXICON NUM_APPÕN appõn:appõn 235

---

This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/affixes/quantifiers.lexc

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src-fst-morphology-affixes-symbols.lexc.md

Symbol affixes

**LEXICON Noun_symbols_possibly_inflected =

**LEXICON Noun_symbols_never_inflected =

**LEXICON SYMBOL_connector =

**LEXICON SYMBOL_NO_suff =

**LEXICON SYMBOL_suff =

---

This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/affixes/symbols.lexc

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src-fst-morphology-affixes-verbs.lexc.md

Livonian Verb inflection

This file documents the verb inflection of Livonian.

Verb stem classes

**LEXICON V_ = CONJUGATION TYPE MISSING

**LEXICON TV_ = CONJUGATION TYPE MISSING

**LEXICON V-AUX_VȰLDA = 10 vȱlda:ZERO

LEXICON IV_VȰLDA = 10 vȱlda: goes to **K

**LEXICON V-AUX_LǞʼDÕ = 1 lǟʼdõ:lǟʼ

**LEXICON IV_LǞʼDÕ = 1 lǟʼdõ:lǟʼ

**LEXICON TV_TǬʼDÕ = 2 tǭʼdõ:tǭʼ

**LEXICON V-AUX_VĪDÕ = 3 vīdõ:vī

**LEXICON IV_VĪDÕ = 3 vīdõ:vī

**LEXICON TV_VĪDÕ = 3 vīdõ:vī

**LEXICON TV_NǞʼDÕ = 4 nǟʼdõ:nǟʼ

• Yaml: naeaeqdw

**LEXICON IV_KǞʼDÕ = 5 kǟʼdõ:kǟʼ

**LEXICON TV_TĪʼEDÕ = 6 tīʼedõ:tīʼe

**LEXICON V-AUX_SĪEDÕ = 7 sīedõ:sīe

**LEXICON IV_SĪEDÕ = 7 sīedõ:sīe

**LEXICON TV_SĪEDÕ = 7 sīedõ:sīe

**LEXICON IV_SǬDÕ = 8 sǭdõ:s

**LEXICON TV_SǬDÕ = 8 sǭdõ:s

**LEXICON V-AUX_SǬDÕ = 8 sǭdõ:s

**LEXICON TV_JŪODÕ = 9 jūodõ:jūo

**LEXICON IV_TŪLDA = 11 tūlda:tūʼl

**LEXICON V-AUX_PĀNDA = 12 pānda:pāʼn

**LEXICON IV_PĀNDA = 12 pānda:pāʼn

**LEXICON TV_PĀNDA = 12 pānda:pāʼn

**LEXICON IV_JEʼLLÕ = 13 jeʼllõ:jeʼlā

**LEXICON TV_JEʼLLÕ = 13 jeʼllõ:jeʼllõ

**LEXICON IV_ASTÕ = 18 astõ:astõ

**LEXICON TV_ASTÕ = 18 astõ:astõ

**LEXICON TV_VÕTTÕ = 19 võttõ:võttõ

**LEXICON IV_VIEʼDDÕ = 24 vieʼddõ:vieʼddõ

**LEXICON TV_VIEʼDDÕ = 24 vieʼddõ:vieʼddõ

**LEXICON IV_MAKSÕ = 25 maksõ:maksõ

**LEXICON TV_MAKSÕ = 25 maksõ:maksõ

**LEXICON TV_TAPPÕ = 26 tappõ:tappõ

**LEXICON IV_MÄNGÕ = 14 mängõ:mǟnga

**LEXICON TV_KILLÕ = 15 killõ:kīla

**LEXICON TV_PALLÕ = 16 pallõ:pǭla

**LEXICON TV_LOULÕ = 17 loulõ:lōla

**LEXICON IV_LAITÕ = 20 laittõ:lāita

**LEXICON TV_LAITÕ = 20 laittõ:lāita

**LEXICON IV_TÄUTÕ = 21 täutõ:tǟta

**LEXICON TV_TÄUTÕ = 21 täutõ:tǟuta

**LEXICON TV_PȮĻTÕ = 22 pȯļtõ:pūoļta

**LEXICON TV_MȮISTÕ = 23 mȯistõ:mūošta

**LEXICON IV_ANDÕ = 27 andõ:ānda

**LEXICON TV_ANDÕ = 27 andõ:ānda

**LEXICON IV_TIEUDÕ = 28 tieudõ:tīeda

**LEXICON TV_TIEUDÕ = 28 tieudõ:tīeda

29-48 follow same pattern

**LEXICON IV_LUʼGGÕ = luʼggõ:luʼggõ 29

**LEXICON TV_LUʼGGÕ = luʼggõ:lugū 29

**LEXICON IV_MUʼDŽÕ = muʼdžõ:mudžū 30

**LEXICON TV_MUʼDŽÕ = muʼdžõ:mudžū 30

**LEXICON IV_VAKȚÕ = vakțõ:vakțū 31

**LEXICON TV_VAKȚÕ = vakțõ:vakțū 31

**LEXICON IV_KITTÕ = kittõ:kittõ 32

**LEXICON TV_KITTÕ = kittõ:kittõ 32

**LEXICON V-AUX_RIʼDDÕ = riʼddõ:ridū 33

**LEXICON IV_RIʼDDÕ = riʼddõ:ridū 33

**LEXICON TV_RIʼDDÕ = riʼddõ:ridū 33

**LEXICON IV_KUTSÕ = kutsõ:kutsū 34

**LEXICON TV_KUTSÕ = kutsõ:kutsū 34

**LEXICON V-AUX_LASKÕ = laskõ:laskū 35

**LEXICON IV_LASKÕ = laskõ:laskū 35

**LEXICON TV_LASKÕ = laskõ:laskū 35

**LEXICON TV_KÄSKÕ = laskõ:laskū 35b

**LEXICON IV_AKKÕ = akkõ:akū 36 Should ss be s and šš be š? 2013-02-19

**LEXICON TV_AKKÕ = akkõ:akū 36

**LEXICON V-AUX_AIGÕ = aigõ:āigõ 37

**LEXICON IV_AIGÕ = aigõ:āigõ 37

**LEXICON TV_AIGÕ = aigõ:āigõ 37

**LEXICON TV_KUOŖŖÕ = kuoŗŗõ:kūoŗõ 38

**LEXICON TV_VANNÕ = vannõ:vǭnõ 39

**LEXICON IV_PȮĻĻÕ = pȯļļõ:pūoļõ 40

**LEXICON IV_PȮIMÕ = pȯimõ:pūoimõ 41

**LEXICON TV_PȮIMÕ = pȯimõ:pūoimõ 41

**LEXICON IV_OUŖÕ = ouŗõ:ōŗõ 42

**LEXICON IV_KEIJÕ = keijõ:kējõ 43

**LEXICON TV_KEIJÕ = keijõ:kējõ 43

**LEXICON IV_AŖŠTÕ = aŗštõ:āŗštõ 44

**LEXICON TV_AŖŠTÕ = aŗštõ:āŗštõ 44

**LEXICON TV_PȮRTÕ = pȯrtõ:pūortõ 45

**LEXICON TV_OUTÕ = outõ:ōtõ 46

**LEXICON V-AUX_TUNDÕ = tundõ:tūndõ 47

**LEXICON IV_TUNDÕ = tundõ:tūndõ 47

**LEXICON TV_TUNDÕ = tundõ:tūndõ 47

**LEXICON TV_OUDÕ = oudõ:ōdõ 48

**LEXICON IV_KŪLÕ = kūlõ:kūlõ 49

**LEXICON TV_KŪLÕ = kūlõ:kūlõ 49

**LEXICON IV_ARRÕ = arrõ:arrõ 50

**LEXICON TV_ARRÕ = arrõ:arrõ 50

**LEXICON IV_AʼILÕ = aʼilõ:aʼilõ 51

**LEXICON TV_AʼILÕ = aʼilõ:aʼilõ 51

**LEXICON TV_SVAʼRRÕ = svaʼrrõ:svaʼrrõ 52

**LEXICON V-AUX_KĪTÕ = kītõ:kīt 53

**LEXICON IV_KĪTÕ = kītõ:kīt 53 ~701

**LEXICON TV_KĪTÕ = kītõ:kīt 53

**LEXICON IV_ÄʼBȚÕ = äʼbțõ:äʼbț 54

**LEXICON TV_ÄʼBȚÕ = äʼbțõ:äʼbț 54

**LEXICON V-AUX_KŪLDÕ = kūldõ:kūld 55

**LEXICON IV_KŪLDÕ = kūldõ:kūld 55

**LEXICON TV_KŪLDÕ = kūldõ:kūld 55

**LEXICON TV_KĪSKÕ = kīskõ:kīsk 56

**LEXICON V-AUX_ĪʼEDÕ = īʼedõ:īed 57

**LEXICON IV_ĪʼEDÕ = īʼedõ:īed 57

**LEXICON TV_ĪʼEDÕ = īʼedõ:īed 57

**LEXICON IV_UMBLÕ = umblõ: 58

**LEXICON TV_UMBLÕ = umblõ: 58

**LEXICON IV_ERȚĻÕ = erțļõ:erțõlõ 58b

**LEXICON TV_ERȚĻÕ = erțļõ:erțõlõ 58b

**LEXICON V-AUX_MÕTLÕ = mõtlõ: 59

**LEXICON IV_MÕTLÕ = mõtlõ: 59

**LEXICON TV_MÕTLÕ = mõtlõ: 59

**LEXICON IV_MǞʼDLÕ = mǟʼdlõ: 60

**LEXICON TV_MǞʼDLÕ = mǟʼdlõ: 60

**LEXICON IV_NAʼGRÕ = naʼgrõ: 60

**LEXICON TV_NAʼGRÕ = naʼgrõ: 60

**LEXICON V-AUX_ÄʼB = 62 äʼb:ä

**LEXICON TV_SÄ = 63 sä:sä

**LEXICON V-AUX_PIḐĪKS = 64 piḑīks:piḑī

After transitive, intransitive, auxiliary and such tags have been added

1

2 tǭʼdõ:tǭʼ

Prt Imprt

Jus Qvo

participles

3 **LEXICON V-01_VĪDÕ = This is mutual for 3: vīdõ:vī Prt Imprt

Jus Qvo

participles

**LEXICON V-01_NǞʼDÕ = This is mutual for ??: 4 nǟʼdõ:n Prt Imprt

Jus Qvo

participles

**LEXICON V-01_KǞʼDÕ = This is mutual for ??: 4 kǟʼdõ:kǟʼ Prt Imprt

Jus Qvo

participles

**LEXICON V-01_TĪʼEDÕ = : 6 tīedõ:tīʼe

• Yaml: siiedw Prt Imprt

Jus Qvo participles

**LEXICON V-01_SĪEDÕ = : 7 sīedõ:sīe

• Yaml: siiedw Prt Imprt

Jus Qvo

participles

8 sǭdõ:s Prt Imprt

Jus Qvo

participles 9 9 jūodõ:jūo Prt Imprt

Jus Qvo

participles 10

11 tūlda:tūʼl Prt Imprt

Jus Qvo participles 11

12 12 pānda:pāʼn Prt Imprt

Jus Qvo participles

**LEXICON V-01_JEʼLLÕ = 13 jeʼllõ, 18 astõ, 19 võttõ, 24 vieʼddõ, 25 maksõ, 26 tappõ

Cond Imprt Jus Qvo

participles

14 mängõ:mǟngõ **LEXICON V-01_MÄNGÕ = 14 mängõ, 15 killõ, 16 pallõ, 17 loulõ, 20 laitõ, 21 täutõ, 22 pȯļtõ, 23 mȯistõ, 27 āndõ, 28 tīeudõ

Imprt Jus Qvo

participles

15 killõ:kīllõ **LEXICON V-01_KILLÕ = 14 mängõ, 15 killõ, 16 pallõ, 17 loulõ, 20 laitõ, 21 täutõ, 22 pȯļtõ, 23 mȯistõ, 27 āndõ, 28 tīeudõ

Imprt Jus Qvo

participles

16 pallõ:pǭllõ **LEXICON V-01_PALLÕ = 14 mängõ, 15 killõ, 16 pallõ, 17 loulõ, 20 laitõ, 21 täutõ, 22 pȯļtõ, 23 mȯistõ, 27 āndõ, 28 tīeudõ

Imprt Jus Qvo

participles

17 loulõ:lōulõ **LEXICON V-01_LOULÕ = 14 mängõ, 15 killõ, 16 pallõ, 17 loulõ

18 astõ:astõ **LEXICON V-01_ASTÕ = 14 mängõ, 15 killõ, 16 pallõ, 17 loulõ

19 võttõ:võttõ **LEXICON V-01_VÕTTÕ = 14 mängõ, 15 killõ, 16 pallõ, 17 loulõ

20 laitõ: **LEXICON V-01_LAITÕ = 14 mängõ, 15 killõ, 16 pallõ, 17 loulõ, 20 laitõ

**LEXICON V-01_TÄUTÕ = 21 täutõ:tǟutõ

22 pȯļțõ:p **LEXICON V-01_PȮĻTÕ = 22 pȯļtõ, 23 mȯistõ, 27 āndõ, 28 tīeudõ Cond Imprt

Jus Qvo

participles

23 mȯistõ:m **LEXICON V-01_MȮISTÕ = 23 mȯistõ, 27 āndõ, 28 tīeudõ

Imprt

Jus Qvo

participles

**LEXICON V-01_VIEʼDDÕ = 13 jeʼllõ, 18 astõ, 19 võttõ, 24 vieʼddõ, 25 maksõ, 26 tappõ

Cond Imprt Jus Qvo

participles

**LEXICON V-01_MAKSÕ = 13 jeʼllõ, 18 astõ, 19 võttõ, 24 vieʼddõ, 25 maksõ, 26 tappõ

Cond Imprt Jus Qvo

participles

**LEXICON V-01_TAPPÕ = 13 jeʼllõ, 18 astõ, 19 võttõ, 24 vieʼddõ, 25 maksõ, 26 tappõ

Cond Imprt Jus Qvo

participles

27 andõ:āndõ **LEXICON V-01_ANDÕ = 14 mängõ, 15 killõ, 16 pallõ, 17 loulõ, 20 laitõ, 21 täutõ, 22 pȯļtõ, 23 mȯistõ, 27 āndõ, 28 tīeudõ

Imprt

Jus Qvo

participles

28 tieudõ:tīeudõ **LEXICON V-01_TIEUDÕ = 14 mängõ, 15 killõ, 16 pallõ, 17 loulõ, 20 laitõ, 21 täutõ, 22 pȯļtõ, 23 mȯistõ, 27 āndõ, 28 tīeudõ

Imprt

Jus Qvo

participles

29 LEXICON V-01_LUʼGGÕ luʼggõ:luʼggõ 29 This is mutual for 29-36: luʼggõ, muʼdžõ, vakțõ, kittõ, riʼddõ, kutsõ, laskõ, akkõ Prt ImprtI

Jus Kvo

participles

30 LEXICON V-01_MUʼDŽÕ luʼggõ:luʼggõ 29 This is mutual for 29-36: luʼggõ, muʼdžõ, vakțõ, kittõ, riʼddõ, kutsõ, laskõ, akkõ Prt ImprtI

Jus Kvo

participles

31 LEXICON V-01_VAKȚÕ luʼggõ:luʼggõ 29 This is mutual for 29-36: luʼggõ, muʼdžõ, vakțõ, kittõ, riʼddõ, kutsõ, laskõ, akkõ Prt ImprtI

Jus Kvo

participles

32 LEXICON V-01_KITTÕ kittõ:kittõ 32 This is mutual for 29-36: luʼggõ, muʼdžõ, vakțõ, kittõ, riʼddõ, kutsõ, laskõ, akkõ

Prt ImprtI

Jus Kvo

participles

33 LEXICON V-01_RIʼDDÕ riʼddõ:riʼddõ 33 This is mutual for 29-36: luʼggõ, muʼdžõ, vakțõ, kittõ, riʼddõ, kutsõ, laskõ, akkõ Prt ImprtI

Jus Kvo

participles

34 LEXICON V-01_KUTSÕ luʼggõ:luʼggõ 29 This is mutual for 29-36: luʼggõ, muʼdžõ, vakțõ, kittõ, riʼddõ, kutsõ, laskõ, akkõ Prt ImprtI

Jus Kvo

participles

35 LEXICON V-01_LASKÕ luʼggõ:luʼggõ 29 This is mutual for 29-36: luʼggõ, muʼdžõ, vakțõ, kittõ, riʼddõ, kutsõ, laskõ, akkõ Prt ImprtI

Jus Kvo

participles

35b LEXICON V-01_KÄSKÕ luʼggõ:luʼggõ 29 This is mutual for 29-36: luʼggõ, muʼdžõ, vakțõ, kittõ, riʼddõ, kutsõ, laskõ, akkõ Prt ImprtI

Jus Kvo

participles

36 LEXICON V-01_AKKÕ luʼggõ:luʼggõ 29 This is mutual for 29-36: luʼggõ, muʼdžõ, vakțõ, kittõ, riʼddõ, kutsõ, laskõ, akkõ Prt ImprtI

Jus Kvo

participles

37 This is mutual for 37-48

Prt

participles

**LEXICON V-01_KUOŖŖÕ = kuoŗŗõ:kūoŗŗõ 38 This is mutual for 37-48

Prt

participles

**LEXICON V-01_VANNÕ = vannõ:vǭnnõ 39 This is mutual for 37-48

Prt

participles

**LEXICON V-01_PȮĻĻÕ = pȯļļõ:pūoļļõ 40 This is mutual for 37-48

Prt

participles

**LEXICON V-01_PȮIMÕ = pȯimõ:pūoimõ 41 This is mutual for 37-48

Prt

participles

**LEXICON V-01_OUŖÕ = ouŗõ:ōuŗõ 42 This is mutual for 37-48

Prt

participles

**LEXICON V-01_KEIJÕ = keijõ:kēijõ 43 This is mutual for 37-48

Prt

participles

**LEXICON V-01_AŖŠTÕ = aŗštõ:āŗštõ 44 This is mutual for 37-48

Prt

participles

**LEXICON V-01_PȮRTÕ = pȯrtõ:pūortõ 45 This is mutual for 37-48

Prt

participles

**LEXICON V-01_OUTÕ = outõ:ōutõ 46 This is mutual for 37-48

Prt

participles

**LEXICON V-01_TUNDÕ = tundõ:tūndõ 47 This is mutual for 37-48

Prt

participles

**LEXICON V-01_OUDÕ = oudõ:ōdõ 48 This is mutual for 37-48

Prt

participles

49 **LEXICON V-01_KŪLÕ = This is mutual for 49-50, 52-57 Prt +Act+PrfPrc Cond

50 arrõ:arrõ **LEXICON V-01_ARRÕ = This is mutual for 49-50, 52-57 Prt +Act+PrfPrc Cond

51 **LEXICON V-01_AʼILÕ = This is mutual for 51 Ger, Ger_Ine

• INF_ZERO ; aʼilõ Inf

• SUP-STEM_m ; aʼilõ- Sup, Sup+Abe, Sup+Ela, Sup+Deb, Sup+Ill, Sup+Ine, Sup+Tra Ind+Prs+Pl1, Ind+Prs+Pl2, Ind+Prs+Pl3, Ind+ConNeg+Pl1 Ind+ConNeg+Pl2, Ind+ConNeg+Pl3

• : INDPRSSG1-STEM ; aʼilõ- Ind+Prs+Sg1, Ind+Prs+Sg2, Ind+Prs+Sg3

• :%^VowsRM INDCONNEGSG ; aʼil- Ind+ConNeg+Sg

• :%^VowsRM%>i INDPRT_z ; aʼili- Ind+Prt+Sg1, Ind+Prt+Sg2, Ind+Prt+Sg3, Ind+Prt+Pl1, Ind+Prt+Pl2, Ind+Prt+Pl3

• COND ; aʼilõ- Cond… Imprt+Sg2, Imprt+ConNeg+Sg2

Imprt+Pl1, Imprt+Pl2, Imprt+ConNeg

Jus+Sg3, Jus+Pl3

Quo+Sg3, Quo+Pl3, +NomAct -mi

• ACTPRFPRC_n ; aʼilõ%>n +Act+PrfPrc

• :%^VowsRM PSSPRSPRC ; aʼil-
• :%^VowsRM PSSPRFPRCSG ; aʼil-

52 **LEXICON V-01_SVAʼRRÕ = This is mutual for 49-50, 52-57 Prt +Act+PrfPrc Cond

**LEXICON V-01_KĪTÕ = This is mutual for 49-50, 52-57 Prt +Act+PrfPrc Cond

**LEXICON V-01_ÄʼBȚÕ = This is mutual for 49-50, 52-57

Prt +Act+PrfPrc Cond

55 **LEXICON V-01_KŪLDÕ = This is mutual for 49-50, 52-57 Prt +Act+PrfPrc Cond

56 **LEXICON V-01_KĪSKÕ = This is mutual for 49-50, 52-57 Prt +Act+PrfPrc Cond

57 īedõ:īʼedõ **LEXICON V-01_ĪʼEDÕ = This is mutual for 49-50, 52-57 Prt +Act+PrfPrc Cond

58 umblõ:umbõlõ **LEXICON V-01_UMBLÕ = This is mutual for 58-61: umblõ, mõtlõ, mǟʼdlõ, naʼgrõ Prt Imprt

Jus Qvo

participles

58 erțļõ:erțõlõ **LEXICON V-01_ERȚĻÕ = This is mutual for 58-61: umblõ, mõtlõ, mǟʼdlõ, naʼgrõ Prt Imprt

Jus Qvo

participles

59 mõtlõ:umbõlõ **LEXICON V-01_MÕTLÕ = This is mutual for 58-61: umblõ, mõtlõ, mǟʼdlõ, naʼgrõ Prt Imprt

Jus Qvo

participles

60 mǟʼdlõ:mǟʼdõlõ **LEXICON V-01_MǞʼDLÕ = This is mutual for 58-61: umblõ, mõtlõ, mǟʼdlõ, naʼgrõ Prt Imprt

Jus Qvo

participles

61 naʼgrõ:naʼgõrõ **LEXICON V-01_NAʼGRÕ = This is mutual for 58-61: umblõ, mõtlõ, mǟʼdlõ, naʼgrõ Prt Imprt

Jus Qvo

participles

Nonfinites

**LEXICON GER_s =

**LEXICON GER_sõ =

**LEXICON INF_ZERO =

**LEXICON INF_dõ =

**LEXICON INF_da =

**LEXICON SUP-STEM_m =

**LEXICON SUP_m =

**LEXICON SUP_m =

**LEXICON SUP_mõ =

**LEXICON ACTPRSPRC =

**LEXICON ACTPRSPRC =

**LEXICON ACTPRFPRC_nd = Are the singular and plural homonyms?

**LEXICON ACTPRFPRC_SG-d/PL-nõd =

**LEXICON ACTPRFPRC_SG-nd/PL-nõd = Are the singular and plural homonyms?

**LEXICON ACTPRFPRC_SG-nd/PL-nnõd = Are the singular and plural homonyms?

**LEXICON PSSPRSPRC =

**LEXICON PSSPRSPRC_b =

**LEXICON PSSPRSPRC_tõb =

**LEXICON PSSPRFPRCSG = 2014-08-21

**LEXICON PSSPRFPRCSG_d = 2014-08-21

**LEXICON PSSPRFPRCSG_tõd = 2014-08-21

Finites

**LEXICON INDPRS_tõ = Indicative present

**LEXICON INDPRS_mõ/tõ/bõd = Indicative present

**LEXICON INDPRS_m/t/bõd = Indicative present

**LEXICON INDPRT_ZERO = Indicative preterite in i

**LEXICON INDPRT_i = Indicative preterite in i

**LEXICON INDPRT_ita = Indicative preterite in i

**LEXICON INDPRT_z = Indicative preterite in z

**LEXICON INDPRT_ztõ = Indicative preterite in z

**LEXICON INDPRT_zt/ztõ = Indicative preterite in z

**LEXICON INDPRT_ž = Indicative preterite in ž

**LEXICON INDPRT_žtõ = Indicative preterite in ž

**LEXICON INDPRTSG3-STEM_tõ =

**LEXICON COND = Conditional present

Indicative present

**LEXICON INDPRSSG1-STEM =

• INDPRSSG1 ;
• INDPRSSG2 ;
• INDPRSSG3 ; these three lexica point to lexica with the actual suffixes.

Conditional

Imperative

Jussative

Quotative

---

This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/affixes/verbs.lexc

---

src-fst-morphology-phonology.twolc.md

Livonian morphophonology

This file documents the phonology.twolc file

We first show alphabet and sets, thereafter rules.

Alphabet

• a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z
• A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
• ḑ ļ ņ ŗ š ț ž
• Ḑ Ļ Ņ Ŗ Š Ț Ž
• õ ä ö ȯ
• Õ Ä Ö Ȯ
• ā ē ī ō ū ǟ ǭ ȭ ȱ
• Ā Ē Ī Ō Ū Ǟ Ǭ Ȭ Ȱ
• ʼ Stød

Literal quotes and angles

They must be escaped (cf morpheme boundaries further down):

»7 «7 %[%>%] - Literal > %[%<%] - Literal <

Archiphonemes for consonant lengthening

• %{XC%}:p %{XC%}:t %{XC%}:k
• %{XC%}:b %{XC%}:d %{XC%}:g
• %{XC%}:l %{XC%}:ļ %{XC%}:j
• %{XC%}:m %{XC%}:n %{XC%}:ņ
• %{XC%}:r %{XC%}:ŗ
• %{XC%}:š %{XC%}:v %{XC%}:z %{XC%}:ž
• %{õØ%}:õ in umblõ:umb%{õØ%}lõ

Triggers

• %^PenVV2V:0 penultimate vowel shortening
• %^Tense:0 = Tense stem will have stød if proper stem type
• %^D2T:0 d:t veʼž:veʼd:vietā
• %^PreI:0 i:0 veʼž:veʼd:vietā
• %^ĪE2Ē:0 kēļ kīel
• K1:k this k is not effected by gradation
• %^NoGrad:0 This will be placed after a stem to break Gradation
• %^CC2C:0 this weakens the stem ompel to ommel
• %^TS:0 The ti => si
• %^D2Ž:0 The *ti => *si

• %^D2ZERO:0 The d => 0

• %^Pen:0 penultimate syllable
• %^U2ZERO:0 The u => 0
• %^VV2V:0 shorten vowel

Vowel raising

• %^VOWLower:0 lower vowel
• %^VOWRaise:0 raise vowel
• %^VowsSh1:0 vowel shortening in first syllable
• %^VowsShU1:0
• %^VowsShI1:0
• %^VowsShIn1:0
• %^DiphthSh1:0
• %^VowsLI1:0 vowel lengthening that is followed by “i” when short
• %^VowsLU1:0 vowel lengthening that is followed by “u” when short
• %^VowsL1:0 vowel lengthening
• %^DiphthL1:0
• %^LongV2Õin2:0 long vowel to õ in second syllable
• %^Vow2Iin2:0 vowel to i or ī in second syllable

Vowel metathesis

• %^VowsMetath:0

VOWEL SHORTENING

• %^VowShIn1:0 This causes vowel shortening in 1. syll
• accompanied by coda consonant lengthening
• %^A2ÕIn2:0 This causes 2. syll a => õ
• %^StodRM:0
• %^ConsSh:0
• %^ConsSh:0 lengthen consonant
• %^1Sh2L:0
• %^Stress1to2:0
• %^Stress2to1:0
• %^VowsMRM:0 Vow in middle ētam:eitmõd
• %^VowsRM:0
• %^ConsRM:0
• %^ConsRM:0 laps:läpš
• %^ConsRM:0
• %^VowsL1aToǭ:0
• %^VowsL1aToǭ:0 kīndõr:kīndiriž
• %^VowsL1aToǭ:0 Hyphen in constructions
• %^VowsL1aToǭ:0 morpheme boundary
• %^VowsL1aToǭ:0 Word boundary for both lexicalised and dynamic compounds

Sets

• VowBack = a o u A O U ;
• VowFront = ä ö y ü Ä Ö Y Ü ;
• VowNeutral = e i E I ;
• VowNonHigh = a o ä ö e A O Ä Ö E ;
• VowLong = ā ō ū ǟ ǭ ȭ ȱ ȫ ȳ ǖ ē ī Ā Ō Ū Ǟ Ǭ Ȭ Ȱ Ȫ Ȳ Ǖ Ē Ī ;
• VowShort = a o u ä ǫ õ ȯ ö y ü e i A O U Ä Ǫ Õ Ȯ Ö Y Ü E I ;
• Vow = VowLong VowShort ;
• CnsWithStod = b d g j l ļ m n ņ r ŗ v z ž ;
• Cns = b c č d ḑ f g ģ h j k ķ l ļ m n ņ p q r ŗ s š t ț v z ž B C Č D Ḑ F G Ģ H J K Ķ L Ļ M N Ņ P Q R Ŗ S Š T Ț V Z Ž ;
• Letters = Vow Cns ;

• Dummy = %^DePal %^CC2C %^ConsSh %^ConsL %^VOWLower %^PalatalizeLeft %^PenVV2V %^Pen %^VV2V %^U2ZERO %^VOWRaise %^ConsRM %^StodRM %^Stress1to2 %^VowsLI1 %^VowsSh1 %^VV2V %^VowsRM ;

• DummyNoPen = %^DePal %^CC2C %^ConsSh %^ConsL %^VOWLower %^PalatalizeLeft %^VV2V %^U2ZERO %^VOWRaise %^ConsRM %^StodRM %^Stress1to2 %^VowsLI1 %^VowsSh1 %^VV2V %^VowsRM ;

Rule section

Vowel rules

Shortening in first syllable

Rule: ǟ:ä in first syllable

• tǟutõ^PEN^VV2V

• täutõ00

• kǟnga%^VV2V%^A2ÕIn2 examples:*

• kängõ00 examples:*

Rule: ā:a in first syllable

• āļdža%^VV2V%^A2ÕIn2 examples:*

• aļdžõ00 examples:*

• āita%^PenVV2V%^VowsRM%>õ examples:*

• ait000%>õ examples:*

Rule: ȱ:ȯ

• vȱntsa%^VV2V%^VowsRM%>õ examples:*

• vȯnts0000õ examples:*

Rule: ā:ī in second syllable plural

• rikkā%^ConsSh%^Vow2Iin2>di examples:*

• rik0ī000di examples:*

Rule: ū:ī in second syllable plural

• ruzū%^Vow2Iin2>di examples:*

• ruzī000di examples:*

Rule: ǭ:a in first syllable

Rule: ē:e in first syllable rēnaz+N+Sg+Gen:

• rēinaz^Pen^VV2V^VowsRM^ConsRM>õ
• rein000000>õ

Rule: ū:u in first syllable

• jūo^VV2V>i
• juo0>i

Rule: ū:ȯ in first syllable

• pūol0a%^Stress1to2%^ConsL examples:*

• pȯ0llõ00 examples:*

• pūoga%^VV2V%^PalatalizeLeft%^VowsRM%>õ examples:*

• pȯig00000õ examples:*

Rule: ī:i in first syllable

• tīer0a%^VV2V%^A2ÕIn2 examples:*

• tierrõ00 examples:*

Rule: ȭ:õ in first syllable

• mȭuka%^VV2V%^VowsRM%>õ examples:*

• mõuk0000õ examples:*

Rule: ō:o in first syllable rōda+N+Pl+Par

• rōuda^VV2V^PalatalizeLeft^VowsRM>i
• rouḑ0000>i

lengthen vowels

Rule: e:ē in first syllable

• leiba%^VowsLI1%>st examples:*

• lē0ba00st examples:*

• tei%^VowsLI1%>ḑi examples:*

• tē000ḑi examples:*

Rule: u:ū in first syllable

• ul%^VowsLI1>õd examples:*

• ūl00õd examples:*

Rule: ȯ:ū in first syllable

Rule: ä:ǟ in first syllable

VOWEL LENGTHENING

Rule: a:ǭ in first syllable

• tam%^VowsL1aToǭõd examples:*

• tǭm0õd examples:*

Rule: a:ā in first syllable

• kand%^VowsLI1õd examples:*

• kāndõd examples:*

Rule: o:ō in first syllable

• ouki%^VowsLI1z examples:*

• ō0ki0z examples:*

LOWER VOWELS Rule: ī:ē in tīe 15

• tīʼe%^VOWLower%^StodRM%^VowsRM%>šti examples:*

• tē000000šti examples:*
• kīel^ĪE2Ē^PalatalizeLeft
• kē0ļ00

Destressing in second syllable **Rule: ā:õ **

• käp0ā%^ConsL%^LongV2Õin2 examples:*

• käppõ00 examples:*
• rik0āz%^Stress2to1%^ConsRM
• rikkõ000

**Rule: a:õ **

• tīer0a%^VV2V%^A2ÕIn2 examples:*

• tierrõ00 examples:*

**Rule: ū:õ **

Rule: õ:i

• ǭʼrõn%^Õ2I%^PalatalizeLeft examples:*

• ǭʼriņ00 examples:*

• nȭŗkõz%^Õ2I%>ist examples:*

• nȭŗkiz00ist examples:*

VOWEL LOSS

Rule: ā:0

• aʼmmā%^PalatalizeLeft%^ConsSh%^VowsRM%>ži examples:*

• äʼm000000ži examples:*

• aʼmā%^PalatalizeLeft%^ConsSh%^VowsRM%>ḑi examples:*

• ä0m00000ḑi examples:*

• daʼdzā%^Stress1to2%^VowsRM%>õ examples:*

• daʼdz0000õ examples:*

• maʼigāz%^StodRM%^VowsRM%^ConsRM>īst examples:*

• ma0ig000000īst examples:*

Rule: ō:0

Rule: ū:0

Rule: ī:0

• sīe%>i examples:*

• s0e0i examples:*

Rule: a:0 rēnaz+N+Sg+Gen:

• rēinaz^Pen^VV2V^VowsRM^ConsRM>õ
• rein000000>õ

rōda+N+Pl+Par

• rōuda^VV2V^PalatalizeLeft^VowsRM>i
• rouḑ0000>i
• jǭrra^VV2V^VowsRM>õ

• jarr000>õ

• pūol0a%^Stress1to2%^ConsL%^VowsRMõ examples:*

• pȯ0ll0000õ examples:*

• kǟnga%^VV2V%^PalatalizeLeft%^VowsRMi examples:*

• keņg0000i examples:*

Rule: e:0

• tīʼe%^VOWLower%^StodRM%^VowsRM%>šti
• tē000000šti kēļ+N+Sg+Nom
• kīel^ĪE2Ē^PalatalizeLeft
• kē0l00

Rule: {õØ}:0

Rule: õ:0

• kittõ%^ConsSh%^VowsRM%>dõd examples:*

• kit00000tõd examples:*

Rule: i:0 in first syllable

• leiba%^VowsLI1%>st examples:*

• lē0ba00st examples:*

• tei%^VowsLI1%>ḑi examples:*

• tē000ḑi examples:*

• lǭija%^ConsSh examples:*

• lǭ0ja0 examples:*

• liestā%^VowShIn1%^PalatalizeLeft%^VowsRM%>i examples:*

• l0ešt00000i examples:*

• ūiska%^ConsSh examples:*

• ū0ška0 examples:*

Rule: u:0 in second position of first-syllable diphthong

• tǟutõ^PEN^U2ZERO^VowsRM>a>m

• tǟ0t0000>a>m

• ouki%^VowsLI1z examples:*

• ō0ki0z examples:*

• pǟuva%^ConsSh examples:*

• pǟ0va0 examples:* lum+N+Sg+Par: snow/lumi
• luʼm^Pen^VowsRM^StodRM^ConsRMūn
• l0000000ūn

Rule: o:0 in second position of first-syllable diphthong

* pūol0a%^Stress1to2%^ConsL examples:*

* pȯ0llõ00 examples:*

Zero to vowel

Rule: 0:õ in vowel metathesis

Consonant rules

Consonant loss

Rule: shorten consonantism between 1st and 2nd vowel center jeʼllõ:jelāb

• aʼmmā%^PalatalizeLeft%^ConsSh%^VowsRM%>ži examples:*

• äʼm000000ži examples:*

Rule: g:0

Rule: l:0

Rule: m:0

Rule: z:0 rēnaz+N+Sg+Gen:

• rēinaz^Pen^VV2V^VowsRM^ConsRM>õ
• rein000000>õ
• rik0āz%^Stress2to1%^ConsRM

Consonant lengthening

Lengthening consonantism between first and second vowel center simultaneous to reducing vowel of second syllable

Rule: %{XC%}:Cx

%{XC%}:p 2014-02-27

• kep%{XC%}>õ examples:*

• kepp0õ examples:*

%{XC%}:s 2020-10-21 tas+N+Sg+Ill

• tas{XC}>õ
• tass>õ

%{XC%}:ž 2014-02-27

• veʼd%^D2Ž%{XC%}>i examples:*

• veʼž0ž0i examples:*

%{XC%}:k 2014-02-27

• rok%{XC%}>õ examples:*

• rokk0õ examples:*

Rule: Stod removal left

• daʼdzā%^Stress1to2%^VowsRM%>õ examples:*

• daʼdz0000õ examples:* aʼb#sõʼnā+N+Sg+Nom:
• aʼb#sõʼn%^StodRMā

• aʼb#sõ0n0ā

• ka0l0ā%^Stress2to1 examples:*

• kaʼllõ0 examples:*

Rule: z:ž

• alīz%^PalatalizeLeft%>i examples:*

• alīž00i examples:*

• izā%^PalatalizeLeft%^VowsRM%>ḑi examples:*

• iž0000ḑi examples:*

Rule: d:ḑ lēʼḑ:līʼed 147 rōda+N+Pl+Par

• rōuda^VV2V^PalatalizeLeft^VowsRM>i
• rouḑ0000>i

Rule: ļ:l

Rule: l:ļ This rule should not require the %^ConsRM:0 trigger, but for now this makes it work. kēļ:kēl 215

• äʼddõl%^PalatalizeLeft%>i examples:*

• äʼddiļ00i examples:*

• tuʼl%^StodRM%^PalatalizeLeft%>īž examples:*

• tu0ļ000īž examples:*

Rule: n:ņ palatalization

• Vē0na%^PalatalizeLeft%^VowsRMõ examples:*

• Vein000õ examples:*

• ǭʼrõn%^PalatalizeLeft examples:*

• ǭʼriņ0 examples:*

• vȱntsa%^VV2V%^PalatalizeLeft%^VowsRM%>ti examples:*

• vȯņtš00000ti examples:* sēņ:sēn 220

• kǟnga%^VV2V%^PalatalizeLeft%^VowsRMi examples:*

• keņg0000i examples:*

Rule: r:ŗ jūŗ:jūr 221

• ǟrga^VV2V^VOWRaise^PalatalizeLeft^VowsRMi examples:*

• eŗg0000i examples:*

Rule: d:t

• kittõ%^ConsSh%^VowsRM%>dõd examples:*

• kit00000tõd examples:* nominative plural

• v0eʼd%^PreI%^StodRM%^D2T examples:*

• vie0t examples:*

Rule: d:ț

Rule: d:ž

Rules for consonant loss

Rule: d:0 Vow: (ʼ:) (Cns:+) _ (%^Pen: %^VowsRM:|%^VOWRaise:) (%^PreI: %^StodRM:|%^VowsLI1:|%^StodRM:) [%^D2ZERO:0|%^ConsRM:] ;

P loss before subsequent morpheme with underlying

T loss before subsequent morpheme with underlying initial d

• kittõ%^ConsSh%^VowsRM%>dõd examples:*

• kit00000tõd examples:*

Rule: k:0

• rikkā%^ConsSh%^Vow2Iin2di examples:*

• rik0ī00di examples:*

Rule: š:0

Rule: ț:0

Rule: s:š palatalization

• liestā%^VV2V%^PalatalizeLeft%^VowsRM%>i examples:*

• l0ešt00000i examples:*

• pȯ0is%^VowsLI1õd examples:*

• pūo0š0õd examples:*

Rule: ǟ:ē palatalization

Rule: ǟ:e short and palatalization

• kǟnga^VV2V^VOWRaise^VowsRMi
• keņg0000i
• nǟʼ^VV2V^VOWRaise^StodRM>i>z
• ne000>i>z

Rule: ä:e short and palatalization

Rule: ǭ:ä palatalization

Rule: a:ä palatalization

• aʼmā%^PalatalizeLeft%^ConsSh%^VowsRM%>ḑi examples:*

• äʼm00000ḑi examples:*

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This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/phonology.twolc

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src-fst-morphology-root.lexc.md

Morphology

INTRODUCTION TO THE MORPHOLOGICAL ANALYSER OF LIVONIAN.

List of the multichar symbols

The morphological analyses of wordforms in Livonian are presented in this system in terms of the symbols declared below.

(It is highly suggested to follow existing GiellaLT standards when adding new tags).

The parts-of-speech are:

• +A = adjective
• +Adp = adposition
• +Adv = adverb
• +CS = subordinating conjunction
• +CC = coordinating conjunction
• +Interj = interjection
• +N = noun
• +Num = numeral
• +Pcle = particle
• +Pr = preposition
• +Po = postposition
• +Pron = pronoun
• +Qnt = quantifier
• +V = verb

Parts of speech are further split up into:

Nouns

• +Prop = proper nouns

Pronouns

• +Dem = demonstrative
• +Indef = indefinite
• +Interr = interrogative
• +Pers = personal
• +Recipr = reciprocal
• +Refl = reflexive
• +Rel = relative

Nominals are inflected for Number and Case

Number

• +Sg = singular
• +Pl = plural

Case

• +Abe = abessive
• +Abl = ablative case
• +Ade = adessive
• +All = allative
• +Dat = dative case
• +Ela = elative
• +Ess = essive
• +Exe = exessive
• +Gen = genitive case
• +Ill = illative
• +Ine = inessive
• +Ins = instrumental -KÕKS
• +Instr = instructive -IN
• +Lat = Lative
• +Nom = nominative case
• +Par = partitive
• +Prl = prolative
• +Tra = translative
• +Voc = Vocative

Possession is marked as such:

• +PxSg1
• +PxSg2
• +PxSg3
• +PxPl1
• +PxPl2
• +PxPl3

The comparative forms are:

• +Pos
• +Comp
• +Superl

Numerals are classified under:

• +Attr
• +Card
• +Ord

Verb moods are:

• +Cond = conditional
• +Ind = indicative
• +Imprt = imperative
• +ImprtII
• +Jus = jussitive
• +Quo = quotative, quoted speech

Tenses

• +Prs
• +Prt

Voice

• +Act = active
• +Pss = passive

Verb personal forms are:

• +Sg1 = first person singular conjugation
• +Sg2 = second person singular conjugation
• +Sg3 = third person singular conjugation
• +Pl1 = first person plural conjugation
• +Pl2 = second person plural conjugation
• +Pl3 = third person plural conjugation

Other verb forms are

• +ConNeg = connegative, main verb complement to Neg,
• +Ger = gerund
• +Inf = infinitive
• +Neg = verb of negation эзь, аволь, иля
• +Prc = participle CHECK! how is this used ?
• +PrsPrc
• +PrfPrc
• +Sup
• +VGen
• +VAbess
• +Aux = Auxiliary verb

Verbs are syntactically split according to transitivity:

• +TV = Transitive verb
• +IV = Intransitive verb

Usage extents are marked using following tags:

• +Err/Orth
• +Use/-Spell
• +Use/NG no generation

Abbreviated words are classified with:

• +ABBR containing period
• +Symbol = independent symbols in the text stream, like £, €, ©
• +ACR acronyms, not containing period

Special symbols are classified with:

• +CLB
• +PUNCT
• +LEFT
• +RIGHT

Special multiword units are analysed with:

• +Multi

Normative/prescriptive compounding tags

(to govern compound behaviour for the speller, ie what a compound SHOULD BE):

The first part of the component may be ..

• +CmpN/Sg Sg
• +CmpN/SgN SgNominative
• +CmpN/SgG SgGenitive
• +CmpN/PlG PlGenitive

This entry / word can …

• +CmpNP/All - … be in all positions, default, this tag does not have to be written
• +CmpNP/First - … only be first part in a compound or alone
• +CmpNP/Pref - … only first part in a compound, NEVER alone
• +CmpNP/Last - … only be last part in a compound or alone
• +CmpNP/Suff - … only last part in a compound, NEVER alone
• +CmpNP/None - … not take part in compounds
• +CmpNP/Only - … only be part of a compound, i.e. can never be used alone, but can appear in any position

Non-dictionary words can be recognised with:

• +Guess

Question and Focus particles:

• +Qst

• +Foc

• +Sem/Act Activity
• +Sem/Amount Amount
• +Sem/Ani Animate
• +Sem/Aniprod Animal Product
• +Sem/Body Bodypart
• +Sem/Body-abstr siellu, vuoig?a, jierbmi
• +Sem/Build Building
• +Sem/Build-part Part of Bulding, like the closet
• +Sem/Cat Category
• +Sem/Clth Clothes
• +Sem/Clth-jewl Jewelery
• +Sem/Clth-part part of clothes, boallu, sávdnji…
• +Sem/Ctain Container
• +Sem/Ctain-abstr Abstract container like bank account
• +Sem/Ctain-clth
• +Sem/Curr Currency like dollár, Not Money
• +Sem/Dance Dance
• +Sem/Dir Direction like GPS-kursa
• +Sem/Domain Domain like politics, reindeerherding (a system of actions)
• +Sem/Drink Drink
• +Sem/Dummytag Dummytag
• +Sem/Edu Educational event
• +Sem/Event Event
• +Sem/Feat Feature, like Árvu
• +Sem/Feat-phys Physiological feature, ivdni, fárda
• +Sem/Feat-psych Psychological feauture
• +Sem/Feat-measr Psychological feauture
• +Sem/Fem Female name
• +Sem/Food Food
• +Sem/Food-med Medicine
• +Sem/Furn Furniture
• +Sem/Game Game
• +Sem/Geom Geometrical object
• +Sem/Group Animal or Human Group
• +Sem/Hum Human
• +Sem/Hum-abstr Human abstract
• +Sem/Ideol Ideology
• +Sem/Lang Language
• +Sem/Mal Male name
• +Sem/Mat Material for producing things
• +Sem/Measr Measure
• +Sem/Money Has to do with money, like wages, not Curr(ency)
• +Sem/Obj Object
• +Sem/Obj-clo Cloth
• +Sem/Obj-cogn Cloth
• +Sem/Obj-el (Electrical) machine or apparatus
• +Sem/Obj-ling Object with something written on it
• +Sem/Obj-rope flexible ropelike object
• +Sem/Obj-surfc Surface object
• +Sem/Org Organisation
• +Sem/Part Feature, oassi, bealli
• +Sem/Perc-cogn Cognative perception
• +Sem/Perc-emo Emotional perception
• +Sem/Perc-phys Physical perception
• +Sem/Perc-psych Physical perception
• +Sem/Plant Plant
• +Sem/Plant-part Plant part
• +Sem/Plc Place
• +Sem/Plc-abstr Abstract place
• +Sem/Plc-elevate Place
• +Sem/Plc-line Place
• +Sem/Plc-water Place
• +Sem/Pos Position (as in social position job)
• +Sem/Process Process
• +Sem/Prod Product
• +Sem/Prod-audio Audio product
• +Sem/Prod-cogn Cognition product
• +Sem/Prod-ling Linguistic product
• +Sem/Prod-vis Visual product
• +Sem/Rel Relation
• +Sem/Route Name of a Route
• +Sem/Rule Rule or convention
• +Sem/Semcon Semantic concept
• +Sem/Sign Sign (e.g. numbers, punctuation)
• +Sem/Sport Sport
• +Sem/State
• +Sem/State-sick Illness
• +Sem/Substnc Substance, like Air and Water
• +Sem/Sur Surname
• +Sem/Symbol Symbol
• +Sem/Time Time
• +Sem/Tool Prototypical tool for repairing things
• +Sem/Tool-catch Tool used for catching (e.g. fish)
• +Sem/Tool-clean Tool used for cleaning
• +Sem/Tool-it Tool used in IT
• +Sem/Tool-measr Tool used for measuring
• +Sem/Tool-music Music instrument
• +Sem/Tool-write Writing tool
• +Sem/Txt Text (girji, lávlla…)
• +Sem/Veh Vehicle
• +Sem/Wpn Weapon
• +Sem/Wthr The Weather or the state of ground

Semantics are classified with

Homonymy

• +Hom1
• +Hom2
• +Hom3
• +Hom4

Derivations are classified under the morphophonetic form of the suffix, the source and target part-of-speech.

• +V→N
• +V→V
• +V→A
• +Der/xxx
• +Der/A for example present participle to adjective
• +Der/VN
• +Der/NomAct
• +Der/NomAg
• +NomAct
• +NomAg

Symbols that need to be escaped on the lower side (towards twolc):

• »7: Literal »
• «7: Literal «

   %[%>%]  - Literal >
   %[%<%]  - Literal <
  

Morphophonology

To represent phonologic variations in word forms we use the following symbols in the lexicon files:

• {aä} back/front a
• {oö} back/front o
• {uü} back/front u
• {uü} for consonant lengthening
• %{õØ%} in umblõ:umb%{õØ%}lõ

And following triggers to control variation

• %^PenVV2V penultimate vowel shortening

• %^ĪE2Ē kēļ:kīel
• %^Pen penultimate syllable
• %^U2ZERO The u => 0
• %^VV2V shorten vowel
• %^CC2C weak-grade stem

• %^Õ2I vowel change in stem

• {front} = front vowels
• {back} = back vowels
• %^Tense = Tense stem will have stød if proper stem type
• %^ConsL = Consonant lengthening
• %^1Sh2L =
• %^D2T d:t veʼž:veʼd:vietā
• %^PreI i:0 veʼž:veʼd:vietā
• %^VowShIn1 This causes vowel shortening in 1. syll accompanied by coda consonant lengthening
• %^A2ÕIn2 This causes 2. syll a => õ
• %^ConsSh =
• %^Stress1to2 =
• %^Stress2to1 =
• %^VowsSh1 = vowel shortening in first syllable
• %^VowsShU1 =
• %^VowsShIn1 =
• %^DiphthSh1 =
• %^VowsLI1 = Vowel lengthening
• %^VowsLU1 =
• %^VowsL1 =
• %^LongV2Õin2 = long vowel to õ in second syllable
• %^Vow2Iin2 = vowel to i or ī in second syllable
• %^VowsõToi kīndõr:kīndiriž
• %^DiphthL1 =
• %^D2Ž = The *ti => *si
• %^D2ZERO The d => 0
• %^VOWLower lower vowel
• %^VOWRaise = Vowel raising
• %^VowsMetath = vowel metathesis in verbs
• %^VowsMRM Vow in middle ētam:eitmõd
• %^VowsRM =
• %^ConsRM =
• %^StodRM = for removing Stød
• %^PalatalizeLeft =
• %^PalatalizeLeft
• %^VowsL1aToǭ = a » ǭ

Flag diacritics

We have manually optimised the structure of our lexicon using following flag diacritics to restrict morhpological combinatorics - only allow compounds with verbs if the verb is further derived into a noun again: | @P.NeedNoun.ON@ | (Dis)allow compounds with verbs unless nominalised | @D.NeedNoun.ON@ | (Dis)allow compounds with verbs unless nominalised | @C.NeedNoun@ | (Dis)allow compounds with verbs unless nominalised

For languages that allow compounding, the following flag diacritics are needed to control position-based compounding restrictions for nominals. Their use is handled automatically if combined with +CmpN/xxx tags. If not used, they will do no harm. | @P.CmpFrst.FALSE@ | Require that words tagged as such only appear first | @D.CmpPref.TRUE@ | Block such words from entering ENDLEX | @P.CmpPref.FALSE@ | Block these words from making further compounds | @D.CmpLast.TRUE@ | Block such words from entering R | @D.CmpNone.TRUE@ | Combines with the next tag to prohibit compounding | @U.CmpNone.FALSE@ | Combines with the prev tag to prohibit compounding | @P.CmpOnly.TRUE@ | Sets a flag to indicate that the word has passed R | @D.CmpOnly.FALSE@ | Disallow words coming directly from root.

Use the following flag diacritics to control downcasing of derived proper nouns (e.g. Finnish Pariisi -> pariisilainen). See e.g. North Sámi for how to use these flags. There exists a ready-made regex that will do the actual down-casing given the proper use of these flags. | @U.Cap.Obl@ | Allowing downcasing of derived names: deatnulasj. | @U.Cap.Opt@ | Allowing downcasing of derived names: deatnulasj.

Root lexicon

The word forms in Livonian start from the lexeme roots of basic word classes

• adjectives ;
• adpositions ;
• adverbs ;
• conjunctors ;
• interjections ;
• nouns ;
• particles ;
• pronouns ;
• propernouns ;
• quantifiers ;
• verbs ;
• Abbreviation ;
• Acronym ;
• Punctuation ;
• Symbols ;
• EXCEPTIONS ;
• A_NEWWORDS ; This is for feeding new adjectives
• ADV_NEWWORDS ; This is for feeding new adverbs
• N_NEWWORDS ; This is for feeding new nouns
• PROP_NEWWORDS ; This is for feeding new propernouns
• V_NEWWORDS ; This is for feeding new verbs
• QUESTIONABLEMISC_NEWWORDS ; This is for feeding new words of questionable status

Lexica for words that are not inflected

These are but here for the time being

adverb lexicon

• LEXICON ADV_KĒRATÕKS

• LEXICON ADV_KǬRAND

• LEXICON ADV_IRM

Interjections lexicon

pcle-mod lexicon

pcle-lexicon

This is used in compounding, e.g. äʼb-:äʼb

• LEXICON K is the clitic lexicon, but no clitica here, only #.

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This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/root.lexc

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src-fst-morphology-stems-acronyms.lexc.md

Acronyms Livonian acronyms …

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This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/stems/acronyms.lexc

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src-fst-morphology-stems-adjectives_newwords.lexc.md

This is where new words are added as lexc entries before they are added to the xml source files. A_ “(eng) /(est) /(fin) /(lav)” ;

ADD NEW ADJECTIVES BELOW

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This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/stems/adjectives_newwords.lexc

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src-fst-morphology-stems-adverbs_newwords.lexc.md

This is where new words are added as lexc entries before they are added to the xml source files. ADV_ “(eng) /(est) /(fin) /(lav)” ;

ADD NEW ADVERBS BELOW

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This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/stems/adverbs_newwords.lexc

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src-fst-morphology-stems-exceptions.lexc.md

Exceptions are quite strange word-forms. the ones that do not fit anywhere else. This file contains all enumerated word forms that cannot reasonably be created from lexical data by regular inflection. Usually there should be next to none exceptions, it’s always better to have a paradigm that covers only one or few words than an exception since these will not work nicely with e.g. compounding scheme or possibly many end applications.

the verbs of negation have partial inflection:

• äʼb: äb+V+Aux+Neg+Ind+Prs+Sg1
• iʼzt: äb+V+Aux+Neg+Ind+Prt+Pl2
• iʼzt: äb+V+Aux+Neg+Ind+Prt+Pl3
• aʼlgid: äb+V+Aux+Neg+Imprt+Pl2

Some verbs only have few word-forms left:

• piḑīm:
• piḑīks:

The verb lǟdõ has irregular forms:

• lekš:
• li:

The verb vȱlda has irregular forms:

• uʼm:
• ūo:

PRONOUNS

PROPER NOUNS

NOUNS partitive for morfa demo

NUMERALS testing

testing what is this

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This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/stems/exceptions.lexc

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src-fst-morphology-stems-nouns_newwords.lexc.md

This is where new words are added as lexc entries before they are added to the xml source files. N_ “(eng) ear/(est) /(fin) /(lav)” ;

ADD NEW NOUNS BELOW

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This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/stems/nouns_newwords.lexc

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src-fst-morphology-stems-propernouns_newwords.lexc.md

This is where new words are added as lexc entries before they are added to the xml source files. PROP_ “(eng) ear/(est) /(fin) /(lav)” ;

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This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/stems/propernouns_newwords.lexc

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src-fst-morphology-stems-questionablemisc_newwords.lexc.md

This is where new words are added as lexc entries before they are added to the xml source files. V_ “(eng) ear/(est) /(fin) /(lav)” ;

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This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/stems/questionablemisc_newwords.lexc

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src-fst-morphology-stems-verbs_newwords.lexc.md

This is where new words are added as lexc entries before they are added to the xml source files. V_ “(eng) ear/(est) /(fin) /(lav)” ;

Add new verbs below

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This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/stems/verbs_newwords.lexc

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src-fst-phonetics-txt2ipa.xfscript.md

retroflex plosive, voiceless t ʈ 0288, 648 ( = ASCII 096) retroflex plosive, voiced d ɖ 0256, 598 labiodental nasal F ɱ 0271, 625 retroflex nasal n ɳ 0273, 627 palatal nasal J ɲ 0272, 626 velar nasal N ŋ 014B, 331 uvular nasal N\ ɴ 0274, 628

bilabial trill B\ ʙ 0299, 665 uvular trill R\ ʀ 0280, 640 alveolar tap 4 ɾ 027E, 638 retroflex flap r ɽ 027D, 637 bilabial fricative, voiceless p\ ɸ 0278, 632 bilabial fricative, voiced B β 03B2, 946 dental fricative, voiceless T θ 03B8, 952 dental fricative, voiced D ð 00F0, 240 postalveolar fricative, voiceless S ʃ 0283, 643 postalveolar fricative, voiced Z ʒ 0292, 658 retroflex fricative, voiceless s ʂ 0282, 642 retroflex fricative, voiced z` ʐ 0290, 656 palatal fricative, voiceless C ç 00E7, 231 palatal fricative, voiced j\ ʝ 029D, 669 velar fricative, voiced G ɣ 0263, 611 uvular fricative, voiceless X χ 03C7, 967 uvular fricative, voiced R ʁ 0281, 641 pharyngeal fricative, voiceless X\ ħ 0127, 295 pharyngeal fricative, voiced ?\ ʕ 0295, 661 glottal fricative, voiced h\ ɦ 0266, 614

alveolar lateral fricative, vl. K alveolar lateral fricative, vd. K\

labiodental approximant P (or v) alveolar approximant r\ retroflex approximant r` velar approximant M\

retroflex lateral approximant l` palatal lateral approximant L velar lateral approximant L
Clicks

bilabial O\ (O = capital letter) dental |
(post)alveolar !\ palatoalveolar =\ alveolar lateral ||
Ejectives, implosives

ejective > e.g. ejective p p> implosive < e.g. implosive b b< Vowels

close back unrounded M close central unrounded 1 close central rounded } lax i I lax y Y lax u U

close-mid front rounded 2 close-mid central unrounded @\ close-mid central rounded 8 close-mid back unrounded 7

schwa ə @

open-mid front unrounded E open-mid front rounded 9 open-mid central unrounded 3 open-mid central rounded 3\ open-mid back unrounded V open-mid back rounded O

ash (ae digraph) { open schwa (turned a) 6

open front rounded & open back unrounded A open back rounded Q Other symbols

voiceless labial-velar fricative W voiced labial-palatal approx. H voiceless epiglottal fricative H\ voiced epiglottal fricative <\ epiglottal plosive >\

alveolo-palatal fricative, vl. s\ alveolo-palatal fricative, voiced z\ alveolar lateral flap l\ simultaneous S and x x\ tie bar _ Suprasegmentals

primary stress “ secondary stress % long : half-long :\ extra-short _X linking mark -
Tones and word accents

level extra high _T level high _H level mid _M level low _L level extra low _B downstep ! upstep ^ (caret, circumflex)

contour, rising contour, falling _F contour, high rising _H_T contour, low rising _B_L

contour, rising-falling _R_F (NB Instead of being written as diacritics with _, all prosodic marks can alternatively be placed in a separate tier, set off by < >, as recommended for the next two symbols.) global rise global fall Diacritics

voiceless 0 (0 = figure), e.g. n_0 voiced _v aspirated _h more rounded _O (O = letter) less rounded _c advanced _+ retracted _- centralized _” syllabic = (or _=) e.g. n= (or n=) non-syllabic _^ rhoticity `

breathy voiced _t creaky voiced _k linguolabial _N labialized _w palatalized ‘ (or _j) e.g. t’ (or t_j) velarized _G pharyngealized _?\

dental d apical _a laminal _m nasalized ~ (or _~) e.g. A~ (or A~) nasal release _n lateral release _l no audible release _}

velarized or pharyngealized _e velarized l, alternatively 5 raised _r lowered _o advanced tongue root _A retracted tongue root _q

---

This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/phonetics/txt2ipa.xfscript

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src-fst-transcriptions-transcriptor-abbrevs2text.lexc.md

We describe here how abbreviations are in Liv are read out, e.g. for text-to-speech systems.

For example:

• s.:syntynyt # ;
• os.:omaa% sukua # ;
• v.:vuosi # ;
• v.:vuonna # ;
• esim.:esimerkki # ;
• esim.:esimerkiksi # ;

---

This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/transcriptions/transcriptor-abbrevs2text.lexc

---

src-fst-transcriptions-transcriptor-numbers-digit2text.lexc.md

Starting work with ordinals

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This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/transcriptions/transcriptor-numbers-digit2text.lexc

---

tools-grammarcheckers-grammarchecker.cg3.md

[ L A N G U A G E ] G R A M M A R C H E C K E R

DELIMITERS

TAGS AND SETS

Tags

This section lists all the tags inherited from the fst, and used as tags in the syntactic analysis. The next section, Sets, contains sets defined on the basis of the tags listed here, those set names are not visible in the output.

Beginning and end of sentence

BOS EOS

Parts of speech tags

N A Adv V Pron CS CC CC-CS Po Pr Pcle Num Interj ABBR ACR CLB LEFT RIGHT WEB PPUNCT PUNCT

COMMA ¶

Tags for POS sub-categories

Pers Dem Interr Indef Recipr Refl Rel Coll NomAg Prop Allegro Arab Romertall

Tags for morphosyntactic properties

Nom Acc Gen Ill Loc Com Ess Ess Sg Du Pl Cmp/SplitR Cmp/SgNom Cmp/SgGen Cmp/SgGen PxSg1 PxSg2 PxSg3 PxDu1 PxDu2 PxDu3 PxPl1 PxPl2 PxPl3 Px

Comp Superl Attr Ord Qst IV TV Prt Prs Ind Pot Cond Imprt ImprtII Sg1 Sg2 Sg3 Du1 Du2 Du3 Pl1 Pl2 Pl3 Inf ConNeg Neg PrfPrc VGen PrsPrc Ger Sup Actio VAbess

Err/Orth

Semantic tags

Sem/Act Sem/Ani Sem/Atr Sem/Body Sem/Clth Sem/Domain Sem/Feat-phys Sem/Fem Sem/Group Sem/Lang Sem/Mal Sem/Measr Sem/Money Sem/Obj Sem/Obj-el Sem/Org Sem/Perc-emo Sem/Plc Sem/Sign Sem/State-sick Sem/Sur Sem/Time Sem/Txt

HUMAN

PROP-ATTR PROP-SUR

TIME-N-SET

Syntactic tags

@+FAUXV @+FMAINV @-FAUXV @-FMAINV @-FSUBJ> @-F<OBJ @-FOBJ> @-FSPRED<OBJ @-F<ADVL @-FADVL> @-F<SPRED @-F<OPRED @-FSPRED> @-FOPRED> @>ADVL @ADVL< @<ADVL @ADVL> @ADVL @HAB> @<HAB @>N @Interj @N< @>A @P< @>P @HNOUN @INTERJ @>Num @Pron< @>Pron @Num< @OBJ @<OBJ @OBJ> @OPRED @<OPRED @OPRED> @PCLE @COMP-CS< @SPRED @<SPRED @SPRED> @SUBJ @<SUBJ @SUBJ> SUBJ SPRED OPRED @PPRED @APP @APP-N< @APP-Pron< @APP>Pron @APP-Num< @APP-ADVL< @VOC @CVP @CNP OBJ

-OTHERS SYN-V @X ## Sets containing sets of lists and tags This part of the file lists a large number of sets based partly upon the tags defined above, and partly upon lexemes drawn from the lexicon. See the sourcefile itself to inspect the sets, what follows here is an overview of the set types. ### Sets for Single-word sets INITIAL ### Sets for word or not WORD NOT-COMMA ### Case sets ADLVCASE CASE-AGREEMENT CASE NOT-NOM NOT-GEN NOT-ACC ### Verb sets NOT-V ### Sets for finiteness and mood REAL-NEG MOOD-V NOT-PRFPRC ### Sets for person SG1-V SG2-V SG3-V DU1-V DU2-V DU3-V PL1-V PL2-V PL3-V ### Pronoun sets ### Adjectival sets and their complements ### Adverbial sets and their complements ### Sets of elements with common syntactic behaviour ### NP sets defined according to their morphosyntactic features ### The PRE-NP-HEAD family of sets These sets model noun phrases (NPs). The idea is to first define whatever can occur in front of the head of the NP, and thereafter negate that with the expression **WORD - premodifiers**. ### Border sets and their complements ### Grammarchecker sets * * * This (part of) documentation was generated from [tools/grammarcheckers/grammarchecker.cg3](https://github.com/giellalt/lang-liv/blob/main/tools/grammarcheckers/grammarchecker.cg3) --- # tools-tokenisers-tokeniser-disamb-gt-desc.pmscript.md # Tokeniser for liv Usage: ``` $ make $ echo "ja, ja" | hfst-tokenise --giella-cg tokeniser-disamb-gt-desc.pmhfst $ echo "Juos gorreválggain lea (dárbbašlaš) deavdit gáibádusa boasttu olmmoš, man mielde lahtuid." | hfst-tokenise --giella-cg tokeniser-disamb-gt-desc.pmhfst $ echo "(gáfe) 'ja' ja 3. ja? ц jaja ukjend \"ukjend\"" | hfst-tokenise --giella-cg tokeniser-disamb-gt-desc.pmhfst $ echo "márffibiillagáffe" | hfst-tokenise --giella-cg tokeniser-disamb-gt-desc.pmhfst ``` Pmatch documentation: <https://github.com/hfst/hfst/wiki/HfstPmatch> Characters which have analyses in the lexicon, but can appear without spaces before/after, that is, with no context conditions, and adjacent to words: * Punct contains ASCII punctuation marks * The symbol after m-dash is soft-hyphen `U+00AD` * The symbol following {•} is byte-order-mark / zero-width no-break space `U+FEFF`. Whitespace contains ASCII white space and the List contains some unicode white space characters * En Quad U+2000 to Zero-Width Joiner U+200d' * Narrow No-Break Space U+202F * Medium Mathematical Space U+205F * Word joiner U+2060 Apart from what's in our morphology, there are 1. unknown word-like forms, and 2. unmatched strings We want to give 1) a match, but let 2) be treated specially by `hfst-tokenise -a` Unknowns are made of: * lower-case ASCII * upper-case ASCII * select extended latin symbols * liv specific latin extension ASCII digits * select symbols * Combining diacritics as individual symbols, * various symbols from Private area (probably Microsoft), so far: * U+F0B7 for "x in box" ## Unknown handling Unknowns are tagged ?? and treated specially with `hfst-tokenise` hfst-tokenise --giella-cg will treat such empty analyses as unknowns, and remove empty analyses from other readings. Empty readings are also legal in CG, they get a default baseform equal to the wordform, but no tag to check, so it's safer to let hfst-tokenise handle them. Finally we mark as a token any sequence making up a: * known word in context * unknown (OOV) token in context * sequence of word and punctuation * URL in context * * * This (part of) documentation was generated from [tools/tokenisers/tokeniser-disamb-gt-desc.pmscript](https://github.com/giellalt/lang-liv/blob/main/tools/tokenisers/tokeniser-disamb-gt-desc.pmscript) --- # tools-tokenisers-tokeniser-gramcheck-gt-desc.pmscript.md # Grammar checker tokenisation for liv Requires a recent version of HFST (3.10.0 / git revision>=3aecdbc) Then just: ``` $ make $ echo "ja, ja" | hfst-tokenise --giella-cg tokeniser-disamb-gt-desc.pmhfst ``` More usage examples: ``` $ echo "Juos gorreválggain lea (dárbbašlaš) deavdit gáibádusa boasttu olmmoš, man mielde lahtuid." | hfst-tokenise --giella-cg tokeniser-disamb-gt-desc.pmhfst $ echo "(gáfe) 'ja' ja 3. ja? ц jaja ukjend \"ukjend\"" | hfst-tokenise --giella-cg tokeniser-disamb-gt-desc.pmhfst $ echo "márffibiillagáffe" | hfst-tokenise --giella-cg tokeniser-disamb-gt-desc.pmhfst ``` Pmatch documentation: <https://github.com/hfst/hfst/wiki/HfstPmatch> Characters which have analyses in the lexicon, but can appear without spaces before/after, that is, with no context conditions, and adjacent to words: * Punct contains ASCII punctuation marks * The symbol after m-dash is soft-hyphen `U+00AD` * The symbol following {•} is byte-order-mark / zero-width no-break space `U+FEFF`. Whitespace contains ASCII white space and the List contains some unicode white space characters * En Quad U+2000 to Zero-Width Joiner U+200d' * Narrow No-Break Space U+202F * Medium Mathematical Space U+205F * Word joiner U+2060 Apart from what's in our morphology, there are 1) unknown word-like forms, and 2) unmatched strings We want to give 1) a match, but let 2) be treated specially by hfst-tokenise -a * select extended latin symbols * select symbols * various symbols from Private area (probably Microsoft), so far: * U+F0B7 for "x in box" TODO: Could use something like this, but built-in's don't include šžđčŋ: Simply give an empty reading when something is unknown: hfst-tokenise --giella-cg will treat such empty analyses as unknowns, and remove empty analyses from other readings. Empty readings are also legal in CG, they get a default baseform equal to the wordform, but no tag to check, so it's safer to let hfst-tokenise handle them. Finally we mark as a token any sequence making up a: * known word in context * unknown (OOV) token in context * sequence of word and punctuation * URL in context * * * This (part of) documentation was generated from [tools/tokenisers/tokeniser-gramcheck-gt-desc.pmscript](https://github.com/giellalt/lang-liv/blob/main/tools/tokenisers/tokeniser-gramcheck-gt-desc.pmscript) --- # tools-tokenisers-tokeniser-tts-cggt-desc.pmscript.md # TTS tokenisation for smj Requires a recent version of HFST (3.10.0 / git revision>=3aecdbc) Then just: ```sh make echo "ja, ja" \ | hfst-tokenise --giella-cg tokeniser-disamb-gt-desc.pmhfst ``` More usage examples: ```sh echo "Juos gorreválggain lea (dárbbašlaš) deavdit gáibádusa \ boasttu olmmoš, man mielde lahtuid." \ | hfst-tokenise --giella-cg tokeniser-disamb-gt-desc.pmhfst echo "(gáfe) 'ja' ja 3. ja? ц jaja ukjend \"ukjend\"" \ | hfst-tokenise --giella-cg tokeniser-disamb-gt-desc.pmhfst echo "márffibiillagáffe" \ | hfst-tokenise --giella-cg tokeniser-disamb-gt-desc.pmhfst ``` Pmatch documentation: <https://kitwiki.csc.fi/twiki/bin/view/KitWiki/HfstPmatch> Characters which have analyses in the lexicon, but can appear without spaces before/after, that is, with no context conditions, and adjacent to words: * Punct contains ASCII punctuation marks * The symbol after m-dash is soft-hyphen `U+00AD` * The symbol following {•} is byte-order-mark / zero-width no-break space `U+FEFF`. Whitespace contains ASCII white space and the List contains some unicode white space characters * En Quad U+2000 to Zero-Width Joiner U+200d' * Narrow No-Break Space U+202F * Medium Mathematical Space U+205F * Word joiner U+2060 Apart from what's in our morphology, there are 1) unknown word-like forms, and 2) unmatched strings We want to give 1) a match, but let 2) be treated specially by hfst-tokenise -a * select extended latin symbols * select symbols * various symbols from Private area (probably Microsoft), so far: * U+F0B7 for "x in box" TODO: Could use something like this, but built-in's don't include šžđčŋ: Simply give an empty reading when something is unknown: hfst-tokenise --giella-cg will treat such empty analyses as unknowns, and remove empty analyses from other readings. Empty readings are also legal in CG, they get a default baseform equal to the wordform, but no tag to check, so it's safer to let hfst-tokenise handle them. Needs hfst-tokenise to output things differently depending on the tag they get * * * This (part of) documentation was generated from [tools/tokenisers/tokeniser-tts-cggt-desc.pmscript](https://github.com/giellalt/lang-liv/blob/main/tools/tokenisers/tokeniser-tts-cggt-desc.pmscript)