Finite state and Constraint Grammar based analysers, proofing tools and other resources
View the project on GitHub giellalt/lang-gle
All doc-comment documentation in one large file.
Sets for POS sub-categories
Sets for Semantic tags
Sets for Morphosyntactic properties
Sets for verbs
V is all readings with a V tag in them, REAL-V should
be the ones without an N tag following the V.
The REAL-V set thus awaits a fix to the preprocess V … N bug.
The set COPULAS is for predicative constructions
NP sets defined according to their morphosyntactic features
The PRE-NP-HEAD family of sets
These sets model noun phrases (NPs). The idea is to first define whatever can occur in front of the head of the NP, and thereafter negate that with the expression WORD - premodifiers.
The set NOT-NPMOD is used to find barriers between NPs. Typical usage: … (*1 N BARRIER NPT-NPMOD) … meaning: Scan to the first noun, ignoring anything that can be part of the noun phrase of that noun (i.e., “scan to the next NP head”)
Miscellaneous sets
Border sets and their complements
Syntactic sets
These were the set types.
hab1
hab2
hab3 (
habNomLeft
hab4
hab6
hab7
hab5 This is not HAB
habDain (
habGen (
spred<obj (@SPRED<OBJ) for Acc; the object of an SPRPED. Not to be mistaken with OPRED. If SPRED is to the left, and copulas is to the left of it. Nom or Hab are found sentence initially.
Hab<spred (@<SPRED) for Nom; if copulas, goallut or jápmit is FMAINV and habitive or human Loc is found to the left. OR: if Ill or @Pron< followed by HAB are found to the left.
Hab>Advlcase<spred (
Nom>Advlcase<spred (
<spred (
<spred (
<spredQst1 (
<spredQst2 (@<SPRED) for Nom; in a typically question sentence; differs from <spredQst1 by not beeing as restricted to the right. Though you are not allowed to be Pers or human.
Nom<spredQst (@<SPRED) for Nom; in a typically question sentence. Differs from <spredQst2 by letting Nom be found between SPRED and copulas
<spred (@<SPRED) for A Nom or N Nom if; the subject Nom is on the same side of copulas as you: on the right side of copulas
<spredVeara (@<SPRED) for veara + Nom; if genitive immediately to the right, and intransitive mainverb to the right of genitive
leftCop<spred (@<SPRED) for Nom; if copulas is the main verb to the left, and there is no Ess found to the left of cop (note that Loc is allowed between target and cop). OR: if you are Coll or Sem/Group with copulas to your left.
<spredLocEXPERIMENT (@<SPRED) for material Loc; if you are to the right of copulas, and the Nom to the left of copulas is not a hab-actor
NumTime (@<SPRED) for A Nom
<spredSg (@<SPRED) for Sg Nom
<spredPg (@<SPRED) for Pl Nom
<spred (@<SPRED) for Nom; if copulas to the left, and Nom or sentence boundary to the left of copulas. First one to the right is EOS.
<spred (@<SPRED) for N Ess
spredEss> (@SPRED>) for N Ess; if copulas to the right of you, and if an NP with nom-case first one to your left.
HABSpredSg> (@SPRED>) for Nom; if habitive first one to the left, followed by copulas.
GalleSpred> (@SPRED>) for Num Nom; if sentence initial
spredSgMII> (@SPRED>)
r492> (@SPRED>) for Interr Gen; consisting only of negations. You are not allowed to be MII. You are not allowed to have an adjective or noun to yor right. You are not allowed to have a verb to your right; the exception beeing an aux.
AdjSpredSg> (@SPRED>) for A Sg Nom; if copulas to the right, but not if A or @<SPRED are found to the right of copulas
SpredSg>Hab (@SPRED>) for Nom; if you are sentence initial, copulas is located to the right, and there is a habitive to the right of copulas
Spred>SubjInf (@SPRED>) for Nom; if copulas to the right, and the subject of copulas is an Inf to the right
spredCoord (@<SPRED) coordination for Nom; only if there already is a SPRED to the left of CNP. Not if there is some kind of comparison involved.
subj>Sgnr1 (@SUBJ>) for Nom Sg, including Indef Nom if; VFIN + Sg3 or Pl3 to the right (VFIN not allowed to the left)
subj>Pl (@SUBJ>) for plural nominatives, including Coll and Sem/Group. VFIN + Pl3 to the right.
subj>Pl (@SUBJ>) for plural nominatives
subj>Sgnr2 (@SUBJ>) for Nom Sg; if VFIN + Sg3 to the right.
<subjSg (@<SUBJ) for Nom Sg; if VFIN Sg3 or Du2 to the left (no HAB allowed to the left).
f<advl (@-F<ADVL) for infinite adverbials
f<advl (@-F<ADVL) for infinite adverbials
s-boundary=advl> (@ADVL>) for ADVL that resemble s-booundaries. Mainverb to the right.
-fobj> (@-FOBJ>) for Acc
-fobj> (@-FOBJ>) for Acc
advl>mainV (@ADVL>) if; finite mainverb not found to the left, but the finite mainverb is found to the right.
<advl (@<ADVL) if; finite mainverb found to the left. Not if a comma is found immediately to the left and a finite mainverb is located somewhere to the right of this comma.
advlPoPr> (@<ADVL) if mainverb to the right.
advlEss> (@<ADVL) for weather and time Ess, if FMAINV to the left.
advl>inbetween (@ADVL>) for Adv; if inbetween two sentenceboundaries where no mainverb is present.
comma<advlEOS (@<ADVL) if; comma found to the left and the finite mainverb to the left of comma. To the right is the end of the sentence.
advlBOS> (@ADVL>) if; you are N Ill and found sentnece initially. First one to your right is a clause.
<advlPoEOS (@<ADVL) for Po; if you are found at the very end of a sentence. A mainverb is needed to the right though.
cleanupILL<advl (@<ADVL) for N Ill if; there are no boundarysymbols to your left, if you arent already @N< OR @APP-N<, and no mainverb is to yor left.
This (part of) documentation was generated from src/cg3/functions.cg3
Moirfeolaíocht na nAinmfhocail Gaeilge (Morphology of Irish Nouns)
FEMININE NOUN continuation classes Weak Plurals : Broad singular is made slender; plural already broad
Weak Plurals : Broaden
Singular already slender; plural is made broad
Weak Plurals :
Weak Plurals :
STRONG PLURALS
STRONG PLURALS
STRONG PLURALS
STRONG PLURALS
STRONG PLURALS
STRONG PLURALS
3rd Declension Strong Plurals : +aí
an bheannacht -> na beannachtaí
gamhain - gamhna (gs), midheamhain - midheamhna (gs)
Strong Plurals : +(e)anna
tóin -> tóineanna scoth -> scothanna EXCEPTION: an chuid -> na codanna see FIX file EXCEPTION: an raith -> na rathanna see FIX file
Strong Plurals : Broaden +anna
an chuid -> na codanna see FIX file an raith -> na rathanna an laith -> na lathanna an luaith -> na luathanna
Strong Plurals : +í
an bhearna -> na bearnaí an eala -> na healaí
Strong Plurals : Athrú e -> í
an aicme -> na haicmí (classes) an táille -> na táillí (fees)
Strong Plurals :
various ending in vowel ! plurals +nna
Strong Plurals : Leathnú +acha
an bheoir -> na beoracha (beers)
Gen Sg : Coim + ach Strong Plurals : Coimriú +eacha
an chathaoir -> na cathaoireacha (chairs) (Note long vowel aoi is not sync. an cathair -> na cathracha
Gen Sg : Coim + a Strong Plurals : Coimriú +(e)acha samhail -> samhla anacair -> anacra
Gen Sg : Coim + Slen + e Strong Plurals : Coimriú +(e)acha crithir - critre fothair - foithre
tarraingt - tarraingthe - tarraingtí
MASCULINE NOUN continuation classes
WEAK PLURALS (i.e. where the nominative and genitive plurals are different) TYPE 1 Nom pl. ends in conson. eg cat : cait, fear : fir, marcach: marcaigh
TYPE 2 Nom pl. formed by adding -a eg cos : cosa, úll : úlla
(TYPE 3) Nom pl. formed by adding -ta eg
2nd Declension sliabh -> na sléibhte
3rd Declension Strong Plurals : +í as in Nm7 but singular are different
eg. bádóir -> na bádóirí
Strong Plurals : +anna
eg. an bláth -> na bláthanna
Strong Plurals : +aí
gen briocht -> breachta Strong Plurals : +aí briocht -> briochtaí
Strong Plurals : +anna eg. an bláth -> na bláthanna
^Lea,broadening, is required, in gen sg: io -> ea (bior, crios) and this is done using ^Ath (change) pl bior -> bioranna
Strong Plurals : Athrú +anna (io->ea) eg. an cith -> na ceathanna
^Lea,broadening, is required, in gen sg: cith -> ceatha, greim -> greama and this is done using ^Ath (change) pl also broadened cith -> ceathanna
sliocht - sleachta gs & pl
Strong Plurals : +í
(A) nouns ending in -ín (a diminutive) smidiríní (smithereens) no singular eg. an cailín -> na cailíní (girls) eg. an báidín -> na báidíní (small boats)
(B) nouns ending in -a eg. an balla -> na ballaí (walls)
01/04/08
Strong Plurals : +idí an fiche -> na fichidí (the twenties) eidí needs correcting an caoga -> na caogaidí (the fifties)
GS +the
GS +te
GS +tha PL +thaí bascadh - basctha - bascthaí
GS +ta
moladh / gs = molta / pl = moltaí
INITIAL MUTATIONS NOMINATIVE SINGULAR
^IM = initial mutation e.g. with prepositions, and possession Singular: e.g. ar an bhosca, ar an mbosca possessive markers on vowels: ár n-athair, a (f) hathair, Plural: e.g. ar bhoscaí, i mboscaí possessive e.g. ár n-aithreacha - our fathers (^C)
adds ^h to vowel-initial words … but adds the +hPref to all words … see fix file
GENITIVE SINGULAR
VOCATIVE SINGULAR Since this is trivial (always ^Sé) it is included with Final Mutations in Voc-sg-0 and Voc-sg-1.
ALL PLURALS Note: Vocative Plural does not require Def & Idf but it is easier to generate them and remove all Voc Pl Idfs at the end (the Def form is correct although the Def marker is unnecessary)
FINAL MUTATIONS NOMINATIVE SINGULAR
GENITIVE SINGULAR
VOCATIVE SINGULAR
ALL PLURALS
when it is a place name as well as the usual inflections for propernouns (4 classes) we want to generate an adjectival form e.g. Beilg - Beilgeach
new 5-6-2024 Place and Personal name files both use Nf1-Prop and Nm1-Prop etc.
masc nouns - slenderise
fem nouns - slenderise and add e
fem nouns - broaden and add a
fem nouns - no change
masc nouns - no change
fem nouns - Albain/na hAlban
This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/affixes/nouns.lexc
Prefixes Prefixes in the Irish language are bound to beginning of other words.
This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/affixes/prefixes.lexc
Proper noun inflection The Irish language proper nouns inflect in the same cases as regular nouns, but with a colon (‘:’) as separator.
This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/affixes/propernouns.lexc
This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/affixes/symbols.lexc
inserted +Len +Uru to distinguish between a bhíonn & a mbíonn Dir/Indir Rel clauses Dec 2004
This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/affixes/verbs.lexc
| a d h -> [%^FC ] | [d | n | t | l | s] %^X _ %^Ath (%^Caol) t |
This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/phonology.nounadj.xfscript
=================================== ! The Irish morphophonological/twolc rules file ! =================================== !
primus%>0
examples:*
examples:*
examples:*
This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/phonology.twolc
Verbal Noun Gen
This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/phonology.verb.xfscript
INTRODUCTION TO MORPHOLOGICAL ANALYSER OF Irish LANGUAGE.
The morphological analyses of wordforms of UNDEFINED language are presented in this system in terms of following symbols. (It is highly suggested to follow existing standards when adding new tags).
Subj is used for subjunctive
This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/root-adj.lexc
INTRODUCTION TO MORPHOLOGICAL ANALYSER OF Irish LANGUAGE.
The morphological analyses of wordforms of UNDEFINED language are presented in this system in terms of following symbols. (It is highly suggested to follow existing standards when adding new tags).
Subj is used for subjunctive
This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/root-noun-all.lexc
INTRODUCTION TO MORPHOLOGICAL ANALYSER OF Irish LANGUAGE.
The morphological analyses of wordforms of UNDEFINED language are presented in this system in terms of following symbols. (It is highly suggested to follow existing standards when adding new tags).
Subj is used for subjunctive
This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/root-others.lexc
INTRODUCTION TO MORPHOLOGICAL ANALYSER OF Irish LANGUAGE.
The morphological analyses of wordforms of UNDEFINED language are presented in this system in terms of following symbols. (It is highly suggested to follow existing standards when adding new tags).
Subj is used for subjunctive
This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/root-verb-all.lexc
INTRODUCTION TO MORPHOLOGICAL ANALYSER OF Irish LANGUAGE.
The morphological analyses of wordforms for the Irish language are presented in this system in terms of the following symbols.
Tag list:
**+Xxx ** = Indecipherable speech (in transcribed speech)
We have manually optimised the structure of our lexicon using following flag diacritics to restrict morhpological combinatorics - only allow compounds with verbs if the verb is further derived into a noun again: | @P.NeedNoun.ON@ | (Dis)allow compounds with verbs unless nominalised | @D.NeedNoun.ON@ | (Dis)allow compounds with verbs unless nominalised | @C.NeedNoun@ | (Dis)allow compounds with verbs unless nominalised
For languages that allow compounding, the following flag diacritics are needed to control position-based compounding restrictions for nominals. Their use is handled automatically if combined with +CmpN/xxx tags. If not used, they will do no harm. | @P.CmpFrst.FALSE@ | Require that words tagged as such only appear first | @D.CmpPref.TRUE@ | Block such words from entering ENDLEX | @P.CmpPref.FALSE@ | Block these words from making further compounds | @D.CmpLast.TRUE@ | Block such words from entering R | @D.CmpNone.TRUE@ | Combines with the next tag to prohibit compounding | @U.CmpNone.FALSE@ | Combines with the prev tag to prohibit compounding | @P.CmpOnly.TRUE@ | Sets a flag to indicate that the word has passed R | @D.CmpOnly.FALSE@ | Disallow words coming directly from root.
Use the following flag diacritics to control downcasing of derived proper nouns (e.g. Finnish Pariisi -> pariisilainen). See e.g. North Sámi for how to use these flags. There exists a ready-made regex that will do the actual down-casing given the proper use of these flags. | @U.Cap.Obl@ | Allowing downcasing of derived names: deatnulasj. | @U.Cap.Opt@ | Allowing downcasing of derived names: deatnulasj.
** Personal_Pronouns; ** =
** !Tobar; ** = omitting this (non-standard older forms)
** XMLTags; ** = XML tags e.g. <p>,
** AdjG; ** = additions from gaois.ie bitex
** NounsEqualVariants; ** = Variants extracted from FGB (2011 EUD)
** NP-LEX-RIACORPAS1; ** = Various Proper nouns from RIA Historical Corpus of Irish
** VNEqualVariants; ** = FGB VN = variants (VN, VNG & VA included)
This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/root.lexc
Abbreviations
This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/stems/abbreviations.lexc
SEE PREP/NUM etc dá Adj3-1; ! do or de +
I R R E G U L A R A D J E C T I V E S
the following always come at the end of the noun/pron/adj and cannot be intermingled with other adjectives Have moved to Demonstrative Determiners
This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/stems/adjectives.lexc
Prepositions:
SIMPLE PREPOSITIONS theses are not preps only copula or conj this “is” looks like “agus” to me … removing the prep reading … should be subst except in Prep Cmpd - see below : maidir+Prep+Simp:maidir #; should be subst: maille+Prep+Simp:maille #; ! maille le = along with
COMPOUNDS: PREP + ARTICLE (an/na)
le does not combine with art: but becomes leis before “an”
trí does not combine with art: but becomes tríd before “an”
Hisrorical forms (bardic)
COMPOUNDS: PREP + POSS PRON (a/ár)
COMPOUNDS: PREP + REL. PART. (a/ar)
COMPOUND PREPOSITIONS: PREP + NOUN
This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/stems/adpositions.lexc
Adverbs
word for word, i.e. literally (2019)
MOVED TO ADJ annamh+Adv+Gn:annamh #; what about chomh mór/hálainn etc. etc.
see PART-LEX.TXT (etc.) for following
This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/stems/adverbs.lexc
Common Functional Words - Articles
This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/stems/articles.lexc
This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/stems/bardic.lexc
CONJUNCTIONS E. Uí Dhonnchadha New Irish Grammar by The Christian Brothers, etc. removed items (subbord conjs) which are pre-verbal (which often have past tense inflection) e.g. go/gur a/ar nach/nár and which often follow (or attach to) a conjunction e.g. cé go, nuair nach, remaining subordinating conjunctions can be followed by verb or copula go mb’fhusa an obair …, go dtógfadh sé e.g. má bhíonn, más some still have tense marking as they are combined forms e.g. sula, sular, murar etc.
gur NOT moved to Verb Part as a)always precede a verb b) have tense c) preceded by conjs like nuair, cé - SHOULD BE REMOVED I THINK ???? NO NEED FOT CONJ AS WELL AS SUBORD COP AND SUBORD VERB PART …
This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/stems/conjunctions.lexc
DETERMINERS E. Uí Dhonnchadha
Determiners: Possessives
Determiners: INTERROGATIVES
(definite & indefinite amounts)
This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/stems/determiners.lexc
@dm discourse marker added to distinguish this from Irish so=seo=here
as in Air France, Air India etc.
This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/stems/english.lexc
INTERJECTIONS
Interjections
FILLED PAUSES Fillers in speech
Communicators in speech
Events in speech transcripts, e.g. cough, sneeze etc.
Anonymisation in transcripts/exam scripts
This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/stems/interjections.lexc
NUMBERS E. Uí Dhonnchadha For Personal Numerals (duine, beirt, triúr) SEE NOUNS
CARDINAL Numbers
ORDINAL Numbers
Number Operators
This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/stems/numerals.lexc
PARTICLES E. Uí Dhonnchadha Preverbal Unique Membership classes
tense distiction is unnecessary
relative if can be translated as “who/which/whose/to,on,of etc. whom etc.” or “that”
not relative if can’t be translated as “who/which/whose/to,on,of etc. whom etc.” ??? i.e. complementiser “that” …
Reflexive (or emphatic) ‘féin’ moved from pronouns file
This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/stems/particles.lexc
Na Forainmneacha Pearsanta - The Personal Pronouns (mé,tú, sé, sí..) Na Forainmneacha Éiginnte - Indefinite Pronouns (ceachtar, cibé …) Pronominals - words which act like pronouns
Personal Pronouns
Emphatic/Contrastive Pronouns
this is not an independent pronoun - it accompanies an pronoun or noun
Indefinite Pronouns Interrogative Pronouns (added Feb 05) removed Pro from cén as noun complement is needed unlike cé also include Det Art Sg in det-lex for “a shonrú cén dáta” = which
Copular DEMONSTRATIVE See also Determiners
PREPOSITIONAL PRONOUNS (CONJUGATED PREPOSITIONS)
This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/stems/pronouns.lexc
Moirfeolaíocht na nAinmfhocail Gaeilge (Morphology of Irish Nouns)
South Africa
Mar 2012 Mar 2012
Added. Most popular names. Male
Female
This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/stems/propernouns.lexc
Punctuation
This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/stems/punctuations.lexc
Multichar_Symbols
+XMLTag !
LEXICON Root XMLTags;
This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/stems/tags.lexc
Tobar - ac Grianna
PLACENAMES
This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/stems/tobar.lexc
NOTE: ‘druideadh’ is commented out since it was not found as a verbal noun in the corpus, yet chances are that it would get mixed up with ‘druideadh’ as independed form of ‘druid’, i.e. ‘ó druideadh an scoil’
This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/stems/verbalnouns.lexc
First Conjugation Verb Stems
Second Conjugation Verb Stems
DEFECTIVE VERBS
SOME COMMON COMPOUNDS leave out _fios from lemma as it prevents some bí CG rules applying IRREGULAR VERBS
Irregular Verbs
auto does not lenite
varient varient varient varient varient varient varient varient
auto does not lenite
Bardic - historical nonstandard spellings
FORMS NOT LENITED IN POSITIVE PAST TENSE incl IMPERFECT
Mixed Verb Stems
NEEDS FURTHER TESTING OF -X WORDS and TEST
This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/morphology/stems/verbs.lexc
NOW COMPOSED IN LOOKUP.SCRIPT
This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/orthography/urucaps.xfscript
retroflex plosive, voiceless t ʈ 0288, 648 ( = ASCII 096)
retroflex plosive, voiced d ɖ 0256, 598
labiodental nasal F ɱ 0271, 625
retroflex nasal n ɳ 0273, 627
palatal nasal J ɲ 0272, 626
velar nasal N ŋ 014B, 331
uvular nasal N\ ɴ 0274, 628
bilabial trill B\ ʙ 0299, 665
uvular trill R\ ʀ 0280, 640
alveolar tap 4 ɾ 027E, 638
retroflex flap r ɽ 027D, 637
bilabial fricative, voiceless p\ ɸ 0278, 632
bilabial fricative, voiced B β 03B2, 946
dental fricative, voiceless T θ 03B8, 952
dental fricative, voiced D ð 00F0, 240
postalveolar fricative, voiceless S ʃ 0283, 643
postalveolar fricative, voiced Z ʒ 0292, 658
retroflex fricative, voiceless s ʂ 0282, 642
retroflex fricative, voiced z` ʐ 0290, 656
palatal fricative, voiceless C ç 00E7, 231
palatal fricative, voiced j\ ʝ 029D, 669
velar fricative, voiced G ɣ 0263, 611
uvular fricative, voiceless X χ 03C7, 967
uvular fricative, voiced R ʁ 0281, 641
pharyngeal fricative, voiceless X\ ħ 0127, 295
pharyngeal fricative, voiced ?\ ʕ 0295, 661
glottal fricative, voiced h\ ɦ 0266, 614
alveolar lateral fricative, vl. K alveolar lateral fricative, vd. K\
labiodental approximant P (or v) alveolar approximant r\ retroflex approximant r` velar approximant M\
retroflex lateral approximant l`
palatal lateral approximant L
velar lateral approximant L
Clicks
bilabial O\ (O = capital letter)
dental |
(post)alveolar !\
palatoalveolar =\
alveolar lateral ||
Ejectives, implosives
ejective > e.g. ejective p p> implosive < e.g. implosive b b< Vowels
close back unrounded M close central unrounded 1 close central rounded } lax i I lax y Y lax u U
close-mid front rounded 2 close-mid central unrounded @\ close-mid central rounded 8 close-mid back unrounded 7
schwa ə @
open-mid front unrounded E open-mid front rounded 9 open-mid central unrounded 3 open-mid central rounded 3\ open-mid back unrounded V open-mid back rounded O
ash (ae digraph) { open schwa (turned a) 6
open front rounded & open back unrounded A open back rounded Q Other symbols
voiceless labial-velar fricative W voiced labial-palatal approx. H voiceless epiglottal fricative H\ voiced epiglottal fricative <\ epiglottal plosive >\
alveolo-palatal fricative, vl. s\ alveolo-palatal fricative, voiced z\ alveolar lateral flap l\ simultaneous S and x x\ tie bar _ Suprasegmentals
primary stress “
secondary stress %
long :
half-long :\
extra-short _X
linking mark -
Tones and word accents
level extra high _T level high _H level mid _M level low _L level extra low _B downstep ! upstep ^ (caret, circumflex)
contour, rising contour, falling _F contour, high rising _H_T contour, low rising _B_L
contour, rising-falling _R_F
(NB Instead of being written as diacritics with _, all prosodic
marks can alternatively be placed in a separate tier, set off
by < >, as recommended for the next two symbols.)
global rise
voiceless 0 (0 = figure), e.g. n_0 voiced _v aspirated _h more rounded _O (O = letter) less rounded _c advanced _+ retracted _- centralized _” syllabic = (or _=) e.g. n= (or n=) non-syllabic _^ rhoticity `
breathy voiced _t creaky voiced _k linguolabial _N labialized _w palatalized ‘ (or _j) e.g. t’ (or t_j) velarized _G pharyngealized _?\
dental d apical _a laminal _m nasalized ~ (or _~) e.g. A~ (or A~) nasal release _n lateral release _l no audible release _}
velarized or pharyngealized _e velarized l, alternatively 5 raised _r lowered _o advanced tongue root _A retracted tongue root _q
This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/phonetics/txt2ipa.xfscript
We describe here how abbreviations are in Irish are read out, e.g. for text-to-speech systems.
For example:
This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/transcriptions/transcriptor-abbrevs2text.lexc
% komma% :, Root ; % tjuohkkis% :%. Root ; % kolon% :%: Root ; % sárggis% :%- Root ; % násti% :%* Root ;
This (part of) documentation was generated from src/fst/transcriptions/transcriptor-numbers-digit2text.lexc
IRISH G R A M M A R C H E C K E R
This section lists all the tags inherited from the fst, and used as tags in the syntactic analysis. The next section, Sets, contains sets defined on the basis of the tags listed here, those set names are not visible in the output.
BOS EOS
Art Noun Prep
Subst Check what it is
N A Adv V Pron CS CC CC-CS Po Pr Pcle Num Interj ABBR ACR CLB LEFT RIGHT WEB PPUNCT Det PUNCT
COMMA ¶
Simp Sbj
Pers Dem Interr Indef Recipr Refl Rel Coll NomAg Prop Allegro Arab Romertall
DefArt Art Def Fem Masc Len hPref, for h prefixation Ecl Poss, possessive
Nom Acc Gen Dat Loc Com Ess Par Voc Sg Pl Cmp/SplitR Cmp/SgNom Cmp/SgGen Cmp/SgGen
Comp Superl Attr Ord Qst IV TV VD VTI Prt Prs Ind Pot Cond Imprt ImprtII Sg1 Sg2 Sg3 Du1 Du2 Du3 Pl1 Pl2 Pl3 Inf ConNeg Neg PrfPrc VGen PrsPrc Ger Sup Actio VAbess
Err/Orth
Sem/Act Sem/Ani Sem/Atr Sem/Body Sem/Clth Sem/Domain Sem/Feat-phys Sem/Fem Sem/Group Sem/Lang Sem/Mal Sem/Measr Sem/Money Sem/Obj Sem/Obj-el Sem/Org Sem/Perc-emo Sem/Plc Sem/Sign Sem/State-sick Sem/Sur Sem/Time Sem/Txt
HUMAN
HAB-ACTOR HAB-ACTOR-NOT-HUMAN
PROP-ATTR PROP-SUR
TIME-N-SET
The following prepositions cause the following noun to be eclipsed and there are different rules for each preposition.
These prepositions always cause the nouns after them to be lenited:
Noun errors (Ecl vs. not Ecl) after prepositions
LIST ECL-NON-ECL-N = (“.ó”r) (“.án”r) ;
@+FAUXV
@+FMAINV
@-FAUXV
@-FMAINV
@-FSUBJ>
@-F<OBJ
@-FOBJ>
@-FSPRED<OBJ
@-F<ADVL
@-FADVL>
@-F<SPRED
@-F<OPRED
@-FSPRED>
@-FOPRED>
@>ADVL
@ADVL<
@<ADVL
@ADVL>
@ADVL
@HAB>
@<HAB
@>N
@Interj
@N<
@>A
@P<
@>P
@HNOUN
@INTERJ
@>Num
@Pron<
@>Pron
@Num<
@OBJ
@<OBJ
@OBJ>
@OPRED
@<OPRED
@OPRED>
@PCLE
@COMP-CS<
@SPRED
@<SPRED
@SPRED>
@SUBJ
@<SUBJ
@SUBJ>
SUBJ
SPRED
OPRED
@PPRED
@APP
@APP-N<
@APP-Pron<
@APP>Pron
@APP-Num<
@APP-ADVL<
@VOC
@CVP
@CNP
OBJ
<OBJ
OBJ>
<OBJ-OTHERS
OBJ>-OTHERS
SYN-V @X
This part of the file lists a large number of sets based partly upon the tags defined above, and partly upon lexemes drawn from the lexicon. See the sourcefile itself to inspect the sets, what follows here is an overview of the set types.
WORD any word
ADLVCASE
CASE-AGREEMENT CASE
NOT-NOM NOT-GEN NOT-ACC
NOT-V
REAL-NEG
MOOD-V
NOT-PRFPRC
SG1-V SG2-V SG3-V PL1-V PL2-V PL3-V
Set for your, my and his
Note that imperative verbs are not included in these sets!
Some subsets of the VFIN sets
These sets model noun phrases (NPs). The idea is to first define whatever can occur in front of the head of the NP, and thereafter negate that with the expression WORD - premodifiers.
LIST SUGGEST = SUGGEST ;
Here ends the list and set section
ADD:spell-it-all (&typo SUGGESTWF) (
LIST HUMAN-N = “dochtúir” “múinteoir” “bean” “fear” ; (to be moved to other tags)
*RULE: lex-tá-is ** To change *TÁ to IS
RULE: msyn-adj-gender to change Masculine adjective to Feminine if it modifies a feminine noun !!IT WORKS!!
ADD:msyn-prep-pron RULE TO CHANGE A PREPOSITION AND A PRONOUN INTO A PREPOSITIONAL PRONOUN (e.g., AG MÉ = AGAM, ROIMH SIBH = ROMHAIBH) !!IT WORKS!!
ADD:msyn-h-after-fem-possessive-adjective: rule to add h to noun following possessor
ADD:msyn-len-after-prep:
ADD:msyn-len-after-prep: rule to add lenition to determiners following prepositions
ADD:msyn-ecl-after-prep: A rule to correct eclipse errors without an intervening article. !!!IT WORKS!!!
ADD:msyn-ecl-after-prep-sfem: Eclipse after preposition … (sfem?)
ADD:msyn-teastaigh-ó: exchange prep “mé” with “ó” when following “teastaigh”
ADD:msyn-inis-do …
ADD:msyn-ar-an-aonach: A rule to correct the error “ag an aonach” to the correct form “ar an aonach”.
ADD:msyn-ar-a-haon-a-chlog …
ADD:msyn-fada-ó …
ADD:msyn-beag-is-fiú-de “beag is fiú de” A + “de”
ADD:msyn-cúpla-plnoun-sgnoun ..
ADD:msyn-gen-case-nouns …
A RULE TO CHANGE THE NOUN AFTER A NOUN AND A POSSESIVE ADJECTIVE TO THE GENITIVE CASE. !!IT WORKS!!
ADD:use-guillemets: Simple punctuation rules showing how to change the lemma in the suggestions:
ADD:use-ellipsis …
ADD:msyn-ar-an-tae: This rule is for when people put milk in tea. In Irish, the correct way to say it is that milk is put on tea.
This rule is for when people put milk in coffee. In Irish, the correct way to say it is that milk is put on coffee. At is stands, the rule works for Ulaidh Irish. It needs to be changed to work for standard Irish.
ADD:msyn-ar-an-gcaife …
ADD:msyn-tóin-poill
ADD:msyn-ie.i. …
This (part of) documentation was generated from tools/grammarcheckers/grammarchecker.cg3
Usage:
$ make
$ echo "ja, ja" | hfst-tokenise --giella-cg tokeniser-disamb-gt-desc.pmhfst
$ echo "Juos gorreválggain lea (dárbbašlaš) deavdit gáibádusa boasttu olmmoš, man mielde lahtuid." | hfst-tokenise --giella-cg tokeniser-disamb-gt-desc.pmhfst
$ echo "(gáfe) 'ja' ja 3. ja? ц jaja ukjend \"ukjend\"" | hfst-tokenise --giella-cg tokeniser-disamb-gt-desc.pmhfst
$ echo "márffibiillagáffe" | hfst-tokenise --giella-cg tokeniser-disamb-gt-desc.pmhfst
Pmatch documentation: https://github.com/hfst/hfst/wiki/HfstPmatch
Characters which have analyses in the lexicon, but can appear without spaces before/after, that is, with no context conditions, and adjacent to words:
U+00ADU+FEFF.Whitespace contains ASCII white space and the List contains some unicode white space characters
Apart from what’s in our morphology, there are
hfst-tokenise -a
Unknowns are made of:
Unknowns are tagged ?? and treated specially with hfst-tokenise
hfst-tokenise –giella-cg will treat such empty analyses as unknowns, and
remove empty analyses from other readings. Empty readings are also
legal in CG, they get a default baseform equal to the wordform, but
no tag to check, so it’s safer to let hfst-tokenise handle them.
Finally we mark as a token any sequence making up a:
This (part of) documentation was generated from tools/tokenisers/tokeniser-disamb-gt-desc.pmscript
Requires a recent version of HFST (3.10.0 / git revision>=3aecdbc) Then just:
$ make
$ echo "ja, ja" | hfst-tokenise --giella-cg tokeniser-disamb-gt-desc.pmhfst
More usage examples:
$ echo "Juos gorreválggain lea (dárbbašlaš) deavdit gáibádusa boasttu olmmoš, man mielde lahtuid." | hfst-tokenise --giella-cg tokeniser-disamb-gt-desc.pmhfst
$ echo "(gáfe) 'ja' ja 3. ja? ц jaja ukjend \"ukjend\"" | hfst-tokenise --giella-cg tokeniser-disamb-gt-desc.pmhfst
$ echo "márffibiillagáffe" | hfst-tokenise --giella-cg tokeniser-disamb-gt-desc.pmhfst
Pmatch documentation: https://github.com/hfst/hfst/wiki/HfstPmatch
Characters which have analyses in the lexicon, but can appear without spaces before/after, that is, with no context conditions, and adjacent to words:
U+00ADU+FEFF.Whitespace contains ASCII white space and the List contains some unicode white space characters
Apart from what’s in our morphology, there are 1) unknown word-like forms, and 2) unmatched strings We want to give 1) a match, but let 2) be treated specially by hfst-tokenise -a
TODO: Could use something like this, but built-in’s don’t include šžđčŋ:
Simply give an empty reading when something is unknown: hfst-tokenise –giella-cg will treat such empty analyses as unknowns, and remove empty analyses from other readings. Empty readings are also legal in CG, they get a default baseform equal to the wordform, but no tag to check, so it’s safer to let hfst-tokenise handle them.
Finally we mark as a token any sequence making up a:
This (part of) documentation was generated from tools/tokenisers/tokeniser-gramcheck-gt-desc.pmscript
Requires a recent version of HFST (3.10.0 / git revision>=3aecdbc) Then just:
make
echo "ja, ja" \
| hfst-tokenise --giella-cg tokeniser-disamb-gt-desc.pmhfst
More usage examples:
echo "Juos gorreválggain lea (dárbbašlaš) deavdit gáibádusa \
boasttu olmmoš, man mielde lahtuid." \
| hfst-tokenise --giella-cg tokeniser-disamb-gt-desc.pmhfst
echo "(gáfe) 'ja' ja 3. ja? ц jaja ukjend \"ukjend\"" \
| hfst-tokenise --giella-cg tokeniser-disamb-gt-desc.pmhfst
echo "márffibiillagáffe" \
| hfst-tokenise --giella-cg tokeniser-disamb-gt-desc.pmhfst
Pmatch documentation: https://kitwiki.csc.fi/twiki/bin/view/KitWiki/HfstPmatch
Characters which have analyses in the lexicon, but can appear without spaces before/after, that is, with no context conditions, and adjacent to words:
U+00ADU+FEFF.Whitespace contains ASCII white space and the List contains some unicode white space characters
Apart from what’s in our morphology, there are 1) unknown word-like forms, and 2) unmatched strings We want to give 1) a match, but let 2) be treated specially by hfst-tokenise -a
TODO: Could use something like this, but built-in’s don’t include šžđčŋ:
Simply give an empty reading when something is unknown: hfst-tokenise –giella-cg will treat such empty analyses as unknowns, and remove empty analyses from other readings. Empty readings are also legal in CG, they get a default baseform equal to the wordform, but no tag to check, so it’s safer to let hfst-tokenise handle them.
Needs hfst-tokenise to output things differently depending on the tag they get
This (part of) documentation was generated from tools/tokenisers/tokeniser-tts-cggt-desc.pmscript